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Polymeric Materials
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Introduction to Polymers
Polymers
Plastics Elastomers
Plastics - Advantages
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Polymerization
• Initiation:
A Radical is needed.
Example H2O2
In General
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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= 19,550
Mm
1
= 19,550 g/mol
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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• Network polymerization:
Chemical reaction takes
place in more than two
reaction sites
(3D network).
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Industrial Polymerization
Solidification of Thermoplastics.
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Stereoisomerism in Thermoplastics
• Stereoisomer:- Same chemical composition but different
structural arrangements.
Atactic stereoisomer:- Pendent methyl
group of polypropylene is randomly
arranged on either side of main carbon
chain.
Isotactic stereoisomer:- The pendent
methyl group is always on same side
of the carbon chain.
Syndiotactic stereoisomer:- The
pendant group regularly alternates
from one side of the chain to the
other side.
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Transfer Molding
• A plunger forces plastic resin, placed outside mold, into
mold cavities through
runners and gate.
No flash formed.
Multiple parts at a
time.
Can be used for small
and intricate parts.
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Polyethylene
• Clear to whitish translucent thermoplastic.
• Types
Low density
High Density
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Polypropylene
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Polystyrene
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ABS
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Fluoroplastics
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Polychlorotrifluroethylene (PCTFE)
F F
Melting • Chlorine atom substitutes
C C Point for every fourth fluorine atom.
2180C •Can be extruded and mold
F Cl n easily.
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Engineering Thermoplastics
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Polyamides (Nylons)
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Properties of Nylon
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Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edn. Smith and Hashemi
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Polycarbonate
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• High modulus.
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Acetals
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Thermoplastic Polyesters
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• Polyetherimide:
Thermosetting Plastics
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Phenolics
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Epoxy Resins
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Unsaturated Polyesters
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Elastomers (Rubbers)
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Synthetic Rubbers
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2ZnCl2 + MgO
OH
H2O
2Zn + MgCl
Cl
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Deformation of Thermoplastics
Elastic deformation
Plastic deformation
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Strengthening of Thermoplastics
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Fracture of Polymers
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