Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Training At
MALHOTRA MOTORS
Sirhind (Fathegarh Sahib)
Submitted To :-
Submitted By:-
Mechanical Engg. Deptt.
Surinder Singh
Roll
No. 90431175333
Bra
nch Mechanical
PREFACE
Tools Used
Machines Used
Engine
• Internal Combustion Engine
• External Combustion Engine
ABS System
Working of ABS
Services of a Car
Tyre Rotation
Wheel Balancing
Wheel Alignment
TOOLS USED
1. Screw Driver
2. L – key
3. T – rod
4. Hammers
5. Pliers
6. Nose Pliers
7. Bench Vice
8. Chisels
9. Spanners
10. Ring Spanners
11. Tappet Gauge
12. Torque Wrench
13. Ring Compressor
14. Hacksaws
15. Oil Filter Clamps
16. Files
17. L Key Set
18. Pipe Wrenches
MACHINES USED
2. Hydraulic Crane
3. Car Lift
4. Air Compressor
5. Air Gun
6. Grinder
7. Car Washer
ENGINE
An engine is a machine designed to convert
energy into useful mechanical motion. It may also
serve as a "prime mover", a component that
transforms the flow or changes in pressure of a fluid
into mechanical energy. An automobile powered by
an internal combustion engine may make use of
various motors and pumps, but ultimately all such
devices derive their power from the engine. The term
"motor" was originally used to distinguish the new
internal combustion engine-powered vehicles from
earlier vehicles powered by steam engines, such as
the steam roller and motor roller, but may be used to
refer to any engine.
Internal combustion engine
The internal combustion engine is an engine in
which the combustion of a fuel (generally, fossil fuel)
occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion
chamber. In an internal combustion engine the
expansion of the high temperature and pressure
gases, which are produced by the combustion,
directly applies force to component of the engine,
such as the pistons or turbine blades or a nozzle, and
by moving it over a distance, generates useful
mechanical energy.
Turbocharging
The turbocharger was designed as a part-time
method of compressing more air into the cylinder
head. It consists of a two piece, high-speed turbine
assembly with one side that compresses the intake
air, and the other side that is powered by the exhaust
gas outflow.
When idling, and at low-to-moderate speeds, the
turbocharger is not engaged and the engine operates
in a naturally-aspirated manner. When much more
power output is required, the engine speed is
increased until the exhaust gases are sufficient to
'spin up' the turbocharger's turbine to start
compressing much more air than normal into the
intake manifold.
Turbocharging allows for more efficient engine
operation at low-to-moderate speeds, but there is a
design limitation known as turbo lag. The increased
engine power is not immediately available, due to the
need to sharply increase engine RPM to spin up the
turbo, before the turbo starts to do any useful air
compression.
CRDI System In
Cars
CRDI is an intelligent way of controlling a
diesel engine with use of modern computer systems.
CRDI helps to improve the power, performance and
reduce harmful emissions from a diesel engine.
Conventional Diesel Engines (non-CRDI engines) are
sluggish, noisy and poor in performance compared to
a CRDI engine.
CRDI or common rail direct injection system is
also sometimes referred to by many similar or
different names. Some brands use name CRDe /
DICOR / Turbojet / DDIS / TDI etc. All these
systems work on same principles with slight
variations and enhancements here and there.
Second services------------------5000 km
( Oil change, air filter and nut bolt checking
and cleaning )
Third service----------------------10,000 km
( Oil change, Plug & oil filter change, air filter
check and tyre rotation )
Fourth service----------------------15,000 km
( Oil change, Plug & oil filter change, air filter
checking and cleaning )
Fifth service-------------------------20,000 km
( Brake oil change, Oil change, Plug & oil filter
change, air filter check and tyre rotation )
Tyre Rotation
Wheel Balancing
Out-of-balance tires will cause a car to vibrate at
certain speeds, usually between 50 and 70 mph. A
tire is out of balance when one section of the tire is
heavier than the others. One ounce of imbalance on a
front tire is enough to cause a noticeable vibration in
the steering wheel at about 60 mph.