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NEA standardized the following voltage for transmission as 132, 220, 400kV
The external insulation levels corresponding to and in accordance with the IEC 61936-
1standard are indicated in the table below:
It must be noted however that because of the high risk of lightening, the highest insulation
levels are chosen so as to minimize the risk of overvoltage that could cause damage.
In the voltage range under and including 245kV the choice is based on the rated lighting impulse
withstand voltages and the rated switching impulse withstands voltage for the voltage range
over 245kV.
Nominal Voltage Highest voltage Rated short Rated lightning Minimum phase
of system Un KV for equipment duration power impulse to earth and
Um kV frequency withstand voltage phase to phase
withstand voltage 1.2/50µs (peak clearance mm
kV Value) kV
132 145 275 650 1300
220 245 460 1050 2100
According to the IEC standard 60071-2 over 1000m above the sea the clearance in air due to
variation of the density of air has to be corrected with a correction factor Ka.
Ka =em{H/(8510)}
Where,
m = 1 for co-ordination lightning withstand voltages
m = 0.65 for co-ordination switching impulse withstand voltages in the case of phase to earth
insulation
m = 1 for co-ordination switching impulse withstand voltages in the case of phase to phase
insulation.
For the design and the verification of the towers to phase to earth clearance, the three following
conditions have to be applied, for an altitude under 1000m.
For an altitude over 1000m, the correction about the external clearances, has to be applied
For condition 2 the minimum phase-earth clearance is 2/3 of the one for the condition 1
For the condition 3 the minimum phase-earth clearance is 1/3 of the one for the condition 1.
Clearance between wires
Distances between phase conductors and between conductors and ground wires
The minimum distance between phase conductors as well as between phase conductors and
overhead ground wires will be calculated according to the following formulas:
Distance between phase with single conductors:
Ecs= 0.6m’.{√(f+1)} +t1.√3
The terms 0.6m’.{√(f+1)} in the formula takes into account the asynchronous position of two
wire under conditions
Distance between phase with bundle conductors:
ecj = ecs +a
Where,
Clearance to Obstacles
The maximum clearance retains between the conductors of lines and the obstacles are as
follows:
To the above clearances an additional clearance of 0.20m is added during the studies to provide
uneven ground profile, survey and Sag errors.
Towers
Given the consistency of terrain that exist five type of supports are sufficient to economically
meet virtual all condition condition of use. The function and conditions of use of each of these
types are defined hereafter:
The max. Length of a section in a plain terrain shall be limited to 15 spans or 5km and 10 spans
or 3km in hilly terrain.
The values given below for the wind & weight spans are the ones to follow for the predesign of
the lines. For the real design, these values can be changed in order to obtain the best technical/
economical compromise solution.
132kV Line
Plain Terrain:
Hilly Terrain
Plain Terrain
Hilly Terrain
400kV Lines
Plain Terrain
Hilly Terrain