CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

There is a comprehensive amount of studies on the theme of technology-led

educational development. These studies focus on the effect of both social and

educational aspects of use of technology in school and at home. In the following

chapter, we will present relevant literature for our study. To our knowledge, there are no

empirical studies interpreting the casual relationship of technology in education on

academic performance in the Philippines. Bulman and Fairlie and (2016) address

existing literature on technology and education in the paper Technology and Education:

Computers, Software, and the Internet. In summary , investments and technology have

ambiguous educational impact, and most often limited educational gains. Investments

in technology in education are commonly divided into three categories; general

investments in ICT in school, individual student laptops, and educational software, i.e.

e-learning. We will mainly focus on the second form of investment, which is currently the

biggest trend within educational policy. However , we will first present some studies on

general ICT investments in education.

1.1 Foreign Literature

1.1.2 Effect of General ICT in Education

A randomized controlled trial was executed in California where over

thousand computers were distributed randomly for free to children