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Sulfur: Production and Use in North • Sulfuric acid is the world’s most
widely used chemical
America and the World
• Besides phosphate fertilizers,
used to produce ammonium
sulfate, potassium sulfate, and
D.L. Messick elemental sulfur-based fertilizers
Vice President
Canadian Rail Sulfur Transport
ICIS PentaSul
• Non-discretionary: Expanding
YEAR Production
– Recovered
2007 48,027
– SOF
2008 48,029
• Discretionary: Declining 2009 48,065
– Frasch/Native 2010 51,915
– Pyrites 2015 70,000
2020 82,000
Shantz: Canada Sulfur Vats Source: FRC
ICIS PentaSul
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– Phosphates
Poland
20% Africa
1%
4%
Others
11% U.S.
• Phosphoric Acid
Iran
8%
• SSP
4%
India
Japan 5%
Russia
– Non-Phosphates
10% 5%
Tunisia
China
5%
43% North Carolina, USA Molten Sulfur Unloading for Phosphate Plant
Source: IFA/FRC
ICIS PentaSul ICIS PentaSul
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14
Sulfur Consumption by End Use
(Continued)
Click
WorldtoSulfur
edit Master title 2009
- End Uses style
>90% used for Sulfuric Acid Production
• Non-Fertilizer (under 50%) Chemicals
3% 2% 2% 11%
– Caprolactam Ore Leaching 6%
7%
– Metallurgical Processing Phosphate
Ag. Chemicals
– Feed and Industrial Phosphates 10% Fertilizers
56%
– Titanium Dioxide
– Petroleum Refining
– Hydrofluoric Acid
Phosphate Fertilizers Other Fert./Ag Chem. Ore Leaching
– Pulp and Paper Industry
Petroleum Ref. Rubber/Plastics Pulp & Paper
– Other Pigments Chemicals
Approximate percentages
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19%
• NPKs with Sulfate
31% Single Superphosphate
5%
3% • Ammonium Phosphate-Sulfate
Potassium Sulfate
42%
• Single Superphosphate
Elemental-based &
Thiosulfates • Potassium Sulfate
S-NP/PK/NPK
• Potassium Magnesium Sulfate
• Various Micronutrient Sulfate Salts
Tiger-Sul; H.J. Baker Bros Inc
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• Good physical and chemical properties • Fertilizer containing soluble P, sulfate-S and
calcium (Ca); produced by reaction of H2SO4
result in considerable flexibility in the with phosphate rock
correction of N and S deficiencies in most
soils; and suitable for various uses. • World output: 34 Mt, eq. 4.0 Mt S, mostly in
China, Brazil, India, Australia and New
Zealand
• In Europe, products with grades 40-0-0-9S
and 38-0-0-13S have been released. • Good for direct use; also used in manufacture
of other sulfur fertilizers; used for crops with
high demand of S and Ca
Potassium Sulfate
Phosphate Fertilizer Production
(0-0-50-17S)
• Fertilizer containing K and sulfate-S
Ca10F2(PO4)6 + 10H2SO4 + 20H2O
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Tiger-Sul
• A new sulfate and ES enriched MAP, containing • Sulfur Coated TSP; Sulfur Coated DAP/MAP
15%S, half ES and half sulfate-S provides crop S
nutrition in the entire growing season Good for direct use to meet crop N, P and S needs
in a long growing season, S may not be available
• Sulfur enriched SSP (18-35% S) provides crop with to correct deficiencies during the early season
both immediate and reserve availability
• New products made by coating urea with
• Good storage and handling properties micronized S using oil and Ca-Lignosulfonate as a
binder for use on rice, sugarcane, grass, fruits
• Good nutrient availability and use efficiency
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• Provide sulfate for crop uptake and release 2H+ –Visit: www.sulphurinstitute.org
acidifying soil