Scada

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a system of software

and hardware elements that allows industrial organizations to:

 Control industrial processes locally or at remote locations

 Monitor, gather, and process real-time data
 Directly interact with devices such as sensors, valves, pumps,
motors, and more through human-machine interface (HMI) software
 Record events into a log file

SCADA systems are crucial for industrial organizations since they help to
maintain efficiency, process data for smarter decisions, and communicate
system issues to help mitigate downtime.

The basic SCADA architecture begins with programmable logic controllers

(PLCs) or remote terminal units (RTUs). PLCs and RTUs are
microcomputers that communicate with an array of objects such as factory
machines, HMIs, sensors, and end devices, and then route the information
from those objects to computers with SCADA software. The SCADA
software processes, distributes, and displays the data, helping operators
and other employees analyze the data and make important decisions.

For example, the SCADA system quickly notifies an operator that a batch
of product is showing a high incidence of errors. The operator pauses the
operation and views the SCADA system data via an HMI to determine the
cause of the issue. The operator reviews the data and discovers that
Machine 4 was malfunctioning. The SCADA system’s ability to notify the
operator of an issue helps him to resolve it and prevent further loss of
product.
 A Basic SCADA Diagram

SCADA Vision Applications- Well Test

 Automatic and Manual well test at the Tier 1 GGS and EPS SCADA
 Well test Data to be available UPWARD in Tier 2 and Tier 3
SCADA Vision Applications- Mass Balance, Well flow status

 Mass balance for the Field to Asset is provided

 Mass Balance for the Pipeline is provided
 For high flowing wells we are providing well flow status.
 Gas Lift Optimisation for the some of the oil wells. This cover
Continuous and Intermittent Gas lift
Field Instrumentations

 Type of Instrument to be supplied are as follows

 Mass Flow Meter with NOC
 Thermal Mass Flow Meter
 Ultrasonic Mass Flow Meter
 PT,DPT,TT on FFH1
 Radar Gauges FFH1 based Low Power
 FDT DTM with FBB to be used for the Hart and FF configurations
 SCADA Vision to is Used for the Maintenance Assist Management

Tier 1 SCADA

The Tier 1 SCADA is used for following facilities with in the asset

 Group Gathering Stations (GGS)

 Gas Collecting Station (GCS)
 Central Tank Farm (CTF)
 Central Processing Facility (CPF)
 Early Production System (EPS)
 Gas Compressor Plant (GCP)
 Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
 Water Injection Plant (WIP)
Workover
The term workover is used to refer to any kind of oil well intervention involving invasive
techniques, such as wireline, coiled tubing or snubbing. More specifically though, it will refer to
the expensive process of pulling and replacing a completion.

Reasons to perform a workover

Workovers rank among the most complex, difficult and expensive types of wellwork. They are
only performed if the completion of a well is terminally unsuitable for the job at hand.
The production tubing may have become damaged due to operational factors like corrosion to
the point where well integrity is threatened. Downhole components such as tubing,
retrievable downhole safety valves, or electrical submersible pumps may have malfunctioned,
needing replacement.

In other circumstances, the reason for a workover may not be that the completion itself is in a
bad condition, but that changing reservoir conditions make the former completion unsuitable. For
example, a high productivity well may have been completed with 5½" tubing to allow high flow
rates (a narrower tubing would have unnecessarily choked the flow). Some years on, declining
productivity means the reservoir can no longer support stable flow through this wide bore. This
may lead to a workover to replace the 5½" tubing with 4½" tubing. The narrower bore makes for
a more stable flow.

Operation

Before any workover, the well must first be killed. Since workovers are long planned in advance,
there would be much time to plan the well kill and so the reverse circulation would be common.
The intense nature of this operation often requires no less than the capabilities of a drilling rig.
The workover begins by killing the well then removing the wellhead and possibly the flow line,
then installing a B.O.P commonly known as a blow out preventer, then lifting the tubing
hanger from the casing head, thus beginning to pull the completion out of the well. The string will
almost always be fixed in place by at least one production packer. If the packer is retrievable it
can be released easily enough and pulled out with the completion string. If it is permanent, then it
is common to cut the tubing just above it and pull out the upper portion of the string. If necessary,
the packer and the tubing left in hole can be milled out, though more commonly, the new
completion will make use of it by setting a new packer just above it and running new tubing down
to the top of the old.

Workover on casings
Although less exposed to wellbore fluids, casing strings too have been known to lose integrity.
On occasion, it may be deemed economical to pull and replace it. Because casing strings are
cemented in place, this is significantly more difficult and expensive than replacing the completion
string. If in some instances the casing cannot be removed from the well, it may be necessary to
sidetrack the offending area and recomplete, also an expensive process. For all but the most
productive well, replacing casing would never be economical.