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com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

Dear all,

Congrats for your GATE Result. Now, concentrate on your admission


process & carrying out admission process smoothly is as important as scoring
good rank in GATE.

These are some Institutes providing Post graduation to us. There may
be others which are not in this list:-

Sr. Name of Institute Web Address


No.
1 NIPER, Mohali. www.niper.gov.in
2 NIPER, Hyderabad.
3 NIPER, Ahmedabad.
4 NIPER, Kolkata.
5 NIPER, Guwahati.
6 NIPER, Hajipur.
7 NIPER, Raibareli.
8 UDCT, Bombay
(MPharm, MTech,
Intgrd. PhD)
9 IIT Bombay MTech www.iitb.ac.in
(Biomed Engg.)
10 IIT Guwahati
MTech(Biotech)
11 IIT Kanpur
MTech(BSBE)
12 BHU, Varanasi www.itbhu.ac.in
13 BCP, Mumbai
14 Manipal Univ.
15 MS Univ Baroda
16 BITS Pilani
17 BITS Mesra, Ranchi
priteshjain15@gmail.com 09714595860, shreeniper@gmail.com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

DO SMART WORK FOR NIPER SEAT

Dear friends,
We have not seen many institutes but of the much we have seen and the much
we have heard, NIPER is amongst the best. We are sure most of you would be
aspiring of being in NIPER. Those who are sure of their capability and
competence should prove their worth. Those who are determined will find
their way at their own but if there is a helping hand, probability of success is
higher. So this is a small attempt to help those aspiring for a career in
pharmaceutical research at NIPER.
Here is a compilation of certain important points for each subject to be noted.
These are just grids for the study and are helpful for the exam. By the way
most of these are covered in B. Pharm syllabus. For the paper, our experience
is that one should revise the GATE syllabus and should
have grip on the fundamentals. Most of the questions in paper are quite easy.
But be sure you are well prepared for it.
What to study???
The below mentioned topics are most frequently touched topics in last
five years.
priteshjain15@gmail.com 09714595860, shreeniper@gmail.com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

¾ Medicinal chemistry

1. IUPAC nomenclature, R and S nomenclature, E and Z isomerism, ,


2. Conformations
3. Hybridization, aromaticity, Huckles rule reaction mechanisms-
Electrophilic, Nucleophilic , SN1, SN2, Elimination E1 E2 etc.
4. Ester hydrolysis, Aac1 Aac2……all eight mechanisms (Jerry march)
Markovnikoves rule, Bredts rule, Stereo selectivity, stereospecificity,
regioselectivity, chemo selectivity, chirality, stereochemistry, conformations,
rearrangements, acids and bases.
5. Imine-enamine Tautamerism, keto-enol tautamerism, pericyclic reactions,
racemic mixture, resolution methods.
6. Amino acids proteins, various methods for amino acid detection, Ninhydrin
test, peptide sequencing, structures of amino acids, essential and nonessential
amino acids,
7. Introduction to thermal methods of analysis like, TGA, DSC DTA etc.
8. Carbohydrates classification, osazone test, mutarotation, etc,
9. Various Heterocycles, Heterocycle synthesis, reactions,.
10. Introduction to Redox reactions
11. Spectroscopy: (basics specially): VVIMP topic.
12. NMR, and C-NMR ranges from Morrison & Boyd
13. Mass, Basic concepts about various peaks M+1, molecular ion, base peak
etc. IR, Frequencies of various groups specially carbonyls. UV (finding the
lamda max values)
14. Chromatography: detailed especially HPLC, HPTLC and other modern
techniques and basic fundamental theory like van demeter equation,
resolution, hetp etc.
15. Reaction kinetics, first second third and pseudo first order reactions,
radiolabelling for determination of mechanism.
16. Common condensation reactions like aldol, claisen perkin , dickmenn,
darzen etc.
17. Other reactions like cannizarros reaction, prins reaction, especially
reactions of carbonyl compounds.
References:
1. Jerry March
2. Morrison and Boyd
3. I. L. Finar Vol-I and Vol-II

¾ Natural Products:
In natural products more stress should be given on phytochemistry part rather
than pharmacognosy aspects but you should know about
biological sources and chemical constituents.
priteshjain15@gmail.com 09714595860, shreeniper@gmail.com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

1. Methods of extraction, isolation and characterization of natural products.


Various
separation techniques used for isolation of natural products.
2. Biosynthetic pathways.
3. Primary metabolites, their examples.
4. Secondary metabolites, various classes of secondary metabolites (eg.
Alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, lignans, saponins, lipids, flavonoids,
coumarins, etc.). Here most imp. part is chemistry of these classes.
5. Important therapeutic classes: antidiabetics, hepatoprotectives,
immmunomodulators, neutraceuticals, natural products for gynaecological
disorders, anti-cancer, anti-viral (mainly anti-HIV), adaptogens etc.
6. Dietary antioxidants, Marine natural products, Plant growth regulators.
7. Fischer projection formulas.
8. Biological sources of important classes of natural products. (Selected ones
only)
9. Standardization of natural products, analytical pharmacognosy.
10. What is difference between natural products and pharmacognosy ?
11. Some knowledge about types and preparation of ayurvedic formulatios
like asava, arista etc.
References:
For various therapeutic classes: Trease and Evans

¾ Pharmacology and toxicology:


1. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacological effect, desired,
undesired, toxic, adverse effects.
2. Bioavailability, bioequivalence, various factors of ADME
3. Drug metabolism: various pathways and other details.
4. Drug interactions, agonist, antagonist, partial agonist, protein binding, drug
distribution, distribution volume, excretion pathways etc.
5. Mechanism of drug action, drug-receptor interaction.
6. Various adrenergic, cholinergic and other receptors
7. Detailed study of CNS pharmacology specially opiod receptors
8. Study of basis of threshold areas of work in NIPER in pharmacology dept.
mentioned in brochure.
9. Diseases: study of the pharmacology of the diseases and drugs used with
mode of action especially of diabetes, malaria, leishmaniasis, TB,
hypertension, myocardial ischemia, inflammation, and immunomodualtion.
10. Chemotherapy and pathophysiology- knowledge of antibiotics, their mode
of action and the microorganisms responsible for various common diseases.
11. Bioassay methods, various requirements. Brief knowledge of the
statistical tests.
References:
a. F. S. K. Barar
priteshjain15@gmail.com 09714595860, shreeniper@gmail.com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

b. Rang and Dale


c. K.D. Tripathi
d. Lippincott’s review by Pamela Champe and Ian Harvey

¾ Pharmaceutics and Formulation

1. Drug delivery systems (DDS): NDDS models, osmotic pumps, various


release patterns
eg. Controlled release, delayed release. Sustained release etc., order of
release. Oral controlled DDS, factors affecting controlled release.
2. Carriers in DDS: polymers and their classification, types, carbohydrates,
surfactants, proteins, lipids, prodrugs etc.
3. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS): principles, absorption
enhancers, evaluation of TDDS.
4. Parenterals: requirements, advantages, disadvantages, release pattern, route
of drug delivery.
5. Drug targeting: microspheres, nanoparticles, liposomes, monoclonal
antibodies, etc. and some idea on polymers used in this field.
6. Preformulation detailed.
7. Complexation, solubilization, polymerization, viscosity measurements.
8. Dosage form development- stages, implications of dosage form.
9. Additives of formulation, types, examples, advantages, disadvantages, drug
excipient interaction, incompatibility, various types of incompatibilities.
10. Dosage forms: solid (tablets, capsules, pills etc), liquid (emulsion,
suspension etc), sterile ( injectables), aerosols. Principles, advantages,
disadvantages and problems.
11. Packaging: materials, labeling etc. Types of containers (eg. Tamper-proof
containers)
12. In process controls, Product specification, documentation.
13. Compartmental modeling.
14. Bioavailability, bioequivalence studies. Methods of improvement of oral
bioavailability.
15. Evaluation of formulation, principles and methods of release control in
oral formulations.

References:
1. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences
2. Lachmann,
3. Alfred Martin,

¾ Pharmaceutical analysis:
1. Stability testing of pharmaceuticals, various stability tests, kinetic studies,
shelf life determination, thermal stability, formulation stability.
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2. Various analytical techniques


3. Tests: physical and chemical tests, limit tests, microbiological tests,
biological tests, disintegration and dissolution tests.
4. Thermal techniques: DSC, DTA, TGA, etc.
5. Chromatography- detailed.
6. QA and QC: GLP, TQM, ISO system.
7. Solubility: pH, pka, surfactant HLB values, Rheology. (IMP)
8. Crystallinity, polymorphism, solvates and hydrates, crystal habits, porosity,
surface area flow properties.
9. Dosage forms, Stages of dosage form development
10. Osmolality, osmolarity, osmotic pressure, conductivity

¾ Biotechnology
Here biotechnology is some what different than normal biotechnological
institute so not too much worry about this portion.
1. Gene expression, mutation, replication, transcription, translation,
recombination, bacteriophages.
2. Fermentation: fermenters, fermentation process, its regulation, conditions,
bioprocessors, various enzymes in fermentation technology. Fermentation
of Antibiotics, vitamins, amino acids, hydroxy acids such as lactic acid etc.
3. Gene therapy: methods and applications.
4. Monoclonal antibodies, insulin, interferons, enkephylins, angiotensin
analogues and other peptides.
5. Enzymes, types of enzymes and enzyme kinetics etc.
6. Use of microorganisms in pharmaceutical industries.

¾ Practice of Pharmacy:
Adverse Drug Reactions,
Rational drug use as well as some typical case studies in diabetes and
hypertension and some case study regarding cvs and antiinfective.
Therapeutic drug monitoring
Hospital pharmacy
Clinical pharmacy
* You should give attention to statistics in which mean, median, mode, anova,
paired test.
*Pharmacy Act and D&C act. and knowledge about important laboratories of
India and there location.
priteshjain15@gmail.com 09714595860, shreeniper@gmail.com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

Very frequently asked question:


Polarity of solvents for chromatography
Rf values for better separation.
Absorbent in reverse phase chromatography
Partition coefficient between liquid-liquid phase
Naming of peptides (i.e. pentapeptide, hexapeptide)
Hetero and homo diens
Setro of biphenyl,cyclohexane(conformations)
Haemllet equation and saturation kinetics
IR frequency of carbonyl compounds
Solvents for IR and NMR
Mechanism of action of barbiturates, pyrimethamine, co trimoxazole
Technique for separation of isomers and racemic mixture.
Applications of spectroscopic technique
Gas laws (boyle charles etc)
Polymers in pharmaceutics.
Calculation for J value (NMR)
Isomers of important phytopharmaceuticals and its use.
Alpha carotene contains how many rings
Squalene contains how many isoprene units
Use of each 5 HT receptors
Measurement of flow properties and its importance
Role of excipients and stage of addition of each
Solvents for oral use, iv use and reconstitution
All IP standards for tablets and capsules
Accelerated stability testing
Applications of various mixers and dryers
Identification of peaks in mass spectroscopy
Surfactants its classification and HLB values for different surfactants
Anti malarial drugs their structure, iupac, mechanism of action
Enzymes as biomarkers in various disease state
Protein binding of important drugs
Vitamins: name, deficiency ,
From last 2 years there are few questions of general knowledge and logical
• mathematical are being asked along with few English verbal.

Important tips
• Be very thorough with pharmacology, organic part and stereochemistry.
Remember all the important reactions
• 60 percent of questions are very fundamental and concept based.
• Try to answer as many questions as possible
• Awareness is must during exam as many hints to the answers will be itself
priteshjain15@gmail.com 09714595860, shreeniper@gmail.com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

present in the other questions


• Back your instincts and your fundamentals
Go through as many concepts as u can. (go superficially, no need to go
deeper)
Read about courses offered in niper (pharmacoinformatics, biotechnology,
pharmacy practice, MBA, natural product)

Few NIPER Questions (Memory Based)

After seeing questions you people will realize that question asked in exam are
not hard but 200 questions in 2 Hr. So only 36 sec to one question. Along with
knowledge you will require spontaneity and shrewdness to pass the exam.
And try to attain at least 170 questions but should have rational answers to
question.
Go and check web site of NIPER www.niper.gov.in and see what are the
research going on and do try to read all the topic related to that. Yes I know
only few days remain after university exams for preparation but that are
sufficient to learn this.
There is no need to learn structure of medicinal chemistry but do try to refer
organic chemistry and heterocyclic chemistry
priteshjain15@gmail.com 09714595860, shreeniper@gmail.com 09724592911NIPER-A (p’ceutics)

NIPER JEE 2006.

1. Which is cytotoxic from following marine? (bryostatin)


2. To avoid crystallization of syrup which substance is added? (polyhydric
alcohols)
3. Particle size of fluid energy mill is? (1-30micrometer)
4. Use of Gallic acid? (Antioxidant)
5. HLB of o/w emulsion. (3-8)
6. Range of Visible light? (400-800nm options were in micro so read
questions carefully before attaining )
7. Source of IR (Nerst glower)
8. Hydrogen bonding determined by which method? (Raman)
9. Most intense peak in MASS spectra? (Base peak)
10. How to determine non-UV active structure? (derivatization)
11. Energy comparison of UV, IR n NMR. Means put them in ascending order
of their energies. (NMR least<IR<UV highest)
12. Reference standard used in NMR? (TMS)
13. In IR calibration which substance is used? (Air)
14. What does RS means in IP? (Reference standard)
15. Sparingly soluble? (30 to 100 parts)
16. Cough is S/E of? (captopril)
17. Capsule '000' size capacity?
18. Green bones are made up of which type of gelatin? (type B)
19. Vehicle used in SGC?
20. Which property not related to polymorphism? (chemical assay)
21. Ostwald ripening is related with? (suspension)
22. Osmotic pressure of blood is?
23. Duration of nasal delivery
24. Duration of mucoadhesive delivery
25. Largest cotton producing country
26. Free trade port in India? (Kandla)
27. Amoebiasis is caused by? (E.histolytica)
28. In clock 12'o clock is north east then at 1:30pm what would be direction?
(East)
29. In monosubstituted cyclohexane which structure will be stable?
30. Stereochemistry of Alanine
31. Linkage in amylase
32. Teratogenic vitamin? (A)
33. In cyclic carbohydrates stereochemistry is known as? (anomer)
34. Propranolol is contraindicated in? (Asthma)
35. Highest first pass metabolism of following?
a. propranolol (ans) b. digoxin c. Phenobarbital d. phenytoin
36. Which of this is cardiotoxic (Adriamycin)
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37. M/A of paclitaxol is?


38. Therapeutic index denotes (Margin of safety)
39. Selective ï ¡ 1 blocker is? (Prazosin)
40. Activity of receptor (drug selectivity and selective antagonist action of
drug)
41. Receptors are made up of? (protein)
42. Cytokinins are?
43. Morphine act through ï receptor.
44. Nicotinic receptor work through which messenger system?
45. Example of Neurodegenerative disorder. (Alzheimer's Disease)
46. Action of Ach? (Hastens G.I. emptying)
47. Name of Indian Ginseng? (Withania Somnifera)
48. Father of Chemotherapy? (Paul Ehrlich)
49. Out of following which is not containing bacteria?
a. Soil b. Ice c. Dust d. Blood (ans) (blood is sterile unless infected)
50. Drug approved by US FDA for alopecia? (Minoxidil)
51. Drug interaction is hazardous of following? (terfinadin + erythromycin)
52. Which of following cause cardiac arrhythmia? (terfinadin)
53. ï ¢2 selective(salbutamol)
54. Cerebral Malaria (quinine)
55. Which malaria is deadly? (P. falciperum)
56. Use of Primaquine is? (choloroquine resistant P. falciperum)
57. Tamoxifen used in breast cancer act as? (estrogen antagonist)
58. Metallic elements detected by? (AAS)
59. Enthalpy is measure of?
60. Luminescence, fluorescence and phosphorescence is a type of? (Emission
spectroscopy)
61. Rate Kinetic deals with? (order, molecularity and conc of reactant)
62. In exothermic process increase in temp indicate what?
a. Reactant is more b. product yield is more(ans) c. Rxn stopped d.
equilibrium
63. Cough syrup mostly contains which alkaloid? (Codeine)
64. Terpenoid are obtained from which biosynthetic pathway?
65. In diosgenin which ring is present?
66. In triterpenoid how many isoprene units are present? (6)
67. In dipeptide bond how many amino acids are present? (3)
68. Which of following contain chromosome or DNA?
a. mitochondria (ans) b. ER c. Golgibody d. cytoplasm
69. t-RNA function
70. Inhibition of mammalian gene expression is at the level of?
71. IPEC deals with?
a. Excepient (ans) b. US FDA c. GMP d. GLP (International Pharmaceutical
Excipient Council)
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72. ABC analysis deals with? (Inventory control)


73. Phase- IV deals with?
74. IND is for? (filling of NCE New Chemical Entity now changed to NME
New Molecule Entity as biomolecules are not considered as chemical)
75. Minimum velocity required for laminar air flow unit? (100)
76. Cardiac Ca++ channel blocker? (nifedipine)
77. Ca++ channel use which type of messenger system?
78. Fill in the gap: stu_ _ st _ _ ws _ _ vw (vwuvtu)
79. Which of following is endothermic?
a. Adsorption b. crystallization c. vaporization d. all
80. Betaine structure (Refer Wittig reaction)
81. Structure of nifedipine.
82. Stereochemistry in biphenyl
83. How to determine unsaturation? (bromination,hydrogenation,ozonolysis)
84. NMR signal obtained in 1,4- dioxane (1 peak)
85. Reaction occurring in ethane? (E1 )
86. Tomato red pigment is due to? (Lycopene)
87. Insulin act on which cells? (Beta)
88. PG released by (COX-II)
89. Aspirin is? (Irreversible COX inhibitor)
90. Phenytoin used in? Digitalis induced arrhythmia)
91. Serotonin is neurotransmitter
92. Alcohol dehydrogenase converts (ethanol to acetaldehyde)
93. Major product obtained from purine metabolism is? (Uric acid)
94. Saffron cultivated in (Jammu n Kashmir)
95. Benzyl alcohol 1% is used as Preservative
96. Cetyl ether of Polyethylene glycon is known as? (Cetomacrogol)
97. Detector used in spectrophotometer? (Photo multiplier tube)
98. Living organisms are detected by? (Dark field microscopy)
99. Which of following is not static? (Flash dryer)
100. Rifampicin used not only in TB but also in? (Leprosy)
01. Immunoglobulin is? (2 light, 2 heavy, disulfide)
02. Which of following not causing enzyme induction? (Sulfonamide)
03. Detector used in IR? (Thermocouple)
04. Function of microvilli is? (Increase surface area)
05. pH of 0.005M HCL?
06. pH of pKa 5.4 is?
07. IR range of CO (acid chloride)
08. Neostigmin does not cross BBB? (Polar)
09. Drugs which cross BBB are? (lipophilic drugs)
10. Which is most commonly used HPLC? (Reverse Phase)
11. Phenolphthalein is? (Acid base indicator)
12. Drug assayed by acid-base back titration? (Aspirin)
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13. Which of following is titrated using strong base? (Refer IP for titrations,
this can be considered as important)
14. Amiloride and Spiranolactone differs in?
15. Statin mechanism? (Reduce cholesterol)
16. Which of following is not related with enalapril (It is not an AT1
antagonist)
17. Equation of Angle of Repose.
18. Character of liposome is?
19. Eye drops and parentral differ in?
20. Colchicines is used in Gout.
21. Omeprazole act by?
22. Muscarinic antagonist used in ulcer.
23. Most commonly used in PD? (L-dopa)
24. Dopamine agonist used in PD. (Bromocryptine)
25. Which of this is not acting on nuclear receptor? (Amino acid trypsin)
26. Nucleus present in coumarin.
27. Which of following is used in vascular disorder? (Ginko biloba)
28. Podophyllotoxin is? (Lignan)
29. Bacterial cell wall consists of? (Heteropolysaccharide)
30. In indole biosynthesis which AA is used? (Typtophan)
31. Sugar in protein preparation act as? (cryoprotective)
32. Non aq. Binder
33. Flow of genetic information (DNA to RNA to Protein)
34. Iodine Value
35. SDS-PAGE is used for? (Protein)
36. Yield calculation of synthesis.
37. Thermal assay (DSC)
38. Auxochrome function.
39. Supreme commander? (President)
40. Vant Hoff equation
41. Nitrites? (Vasodilation)
42. CH3 F (deshielded so downfield)
43. Expiry date determined by use of drug along with container.
44. Which is most permeable to moisture? (Polyethylene)
45. Accelerated stability study is done at what temp n RH?
46. Dose required for intradermal delivery.
47. Aim of welfare state.
48. Solubilsation is based on (Stereochemistry)
49. Circular diachronism spectroscopy is used for? (Optically active
compound)
50. Simple and compound interest calculation.
51. Digitalis acts by Na+ / K+ ATPase Pump
52. Syphilis is caused by?
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53. Acetazolamide? (Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)


54. Unit of delta(ppm)
56. HIV is caused by? (Virus)
Apart from this is contains many mathematical calculations, synonyms,
antonyms and acronyms.
(And same paper is their for MBA and MS)
Note: In form they provide one option for sponsor seat do tick that option it do
not require any industrial recommendation but it is one sort of payment seat. If
you don't tick that option you will not be eligible for taking admission in
payment seat.

Few useful Abb.


1. CPCSEA- Committee for Purpose of Control and Supervision of
Experimental Animals.
2. IAEC- Institutional Animal Ethics Committee
3. BEA-Breeding for Experimental Animals
4. SDS-PAGEâ€"Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate- Polyacrylamide Gel
Electrophoresis
5. NME- New Molecular Entity
6. NCE- New Chemical Entity
7. GRAS- Generally Regarded As Safe
8. ANDA- Abbrevated New Drug Application (Generic filling)
9. IIG- Inactive Ingredient Guide
Note: Answers given in bracket is best of the options given. It might not be
the most appropriate answer for that question. And don't rely on answer
completely we have wrote what we were able to remember so please do check
textbooks.
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NIPER JEE 2005

flow injection system in HPLC?


fingerpoint region in IR?
trance stilbens?
alfa and beta d-glucose structure?
most suitable diluent for controlled releae/
solvents in reverse phase chromatography?
RNA and DNA str?
reverse transcriptase enzyme?
chloroquin used in ..?
artemisin ?
asparginase?
kaalfischer titration?
alkaloid which is not therapeutical active?
configuration of ephedrine/
endogenous anticoagulant?
Sulfonylureas?
what happend in type 2 daibetes?
afficacy and affinity?
What is nitric oxide?
type of Ca++ present in heart?
Action of dopimine?
antagonist of levodopa?
First law of thermodinamicss/
cubic nature of NACl?
mechanism of adaptogen/
NMR
UV calculation
mass calculation of fragments?
rimer-timen reaction.
Find distereomers?
route of administration?
gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of?
isoprene unit of FPP?
analytical technique of noble druges?
stop codon?
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Hi,
Dont get bother about the NIPER exam preparations..
Now u have Better opportunity for IIT's... so If u r ready to go in IIT's.
then Start reading the maths of 12 th.. mainly Probability, Matrix, Integration, Derivative,
LImits and continuity.. and differential equations... not thoroughly but some basic things
and all formulas u should learn and its Application..
And then Read some basics of Human Physiology and Anatomy...
these r sufficiant for the IIT's..
and u must fill the application forms..for different IITs.. prefered IIT Bombay and Kanpur
and Madras..
For IITs Starts Reading now..

But for NIPER exams.. I think u study is sufficient of Final year..


but along with it.. u start studying the Basics of Organic Chemistry.. from Morison..
And also learm basics of biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, etc/...
becoz all lecturers here whose are Paper setters, they r not belong to the Pharma back
ground... they are mainly M.Sc and post doc. in the core stream...
so for that you should know the Basic things about subject..
Other than this, the Softwares used in drug discovery and FDA approved list of Drugs for
recent year(very imp)...i will send you soon, be in contact..
so Start reading...
and if you want some more information then i am always here........

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