Saju Advanced

Learning
Four Pillars of
destiny
Ancient Chinese teaching
For Advanced
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www.fourpillarskorea.com
copyrights © all rights reserved by Janet Shin
By Janet Shin
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Four pillars
Advanced
Contents
1. How to read saju and its structure 4-31
2. Harmony 32-37
3. Hidden letters 38-42
4. Root/Seed/Flower/Fruit 43-44
5. Branches 45-49
6. 12 Stages of Life 50-61
7. Gods and Devils 62-64
8. Ten celestial stems and their relationships

-Upper version 65-74
9. Void 75-76
10. Saju and health 77-83
11. Summary 84-86
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Chapter 1 How to understand Saju structure
To comprehend saju structure is an important step to foresee one‟s sociality,

environment, field of action, wealth and honor or success and failure.
The major philosophy of saju, which came from orient is different from
western philosophy. When ancient people studied the universe and the
situation of human being, they tried to look everything under the concept of
“relationship”.
First of all, we figure out that the day stem denotes the owner of the saju.
The month branch, which means season of the year when a person was born,
rules whole environment of one’s life. According to ancient books, these two
major letters are written as a vassal and a king, respectively.
The month branch is called a king and the day stem is called a vassal.
Western readers often question that why the day stem is not a king as we
defined it as a day master.
There is no doubt that the day master is still a leading character in saju
(destiny). They called the month branch ‘King’ not because it is a leading
character but because it rules one’s fate, while the day master is required to
adapt itself to the environmental change (month branch). And they tried to
infer whether the day master is well compatible with the month branch.
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Also, when they read the other elements in saju, energy balance and their
relationship were more valued instead of just counting the number of each
element. The energy and the way it reacts and flows within a person are what
saju tells.
Now you also need to understand the concepts of „substance‟ and „applicable
agent‟ in saju.
First of all, the four pillars (8 letters) are „Substance‟ of one‟s life. Among
them the day master is a main substance, and the month branch is an
applicable agent.
Different from the day master and the month branch, if we compare stems
and branches, in general, stems are more like applicable agents, while
branches are substances.
It is not easy to grasp the exact meaning between Substance and Applicable
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agent, as they change their roles subject to situations. Accordingly it is
confusing to clarify how they make differences. Substance is a mold of saju,
so we call four pillars a substance. Among the 8 letters in saju, the day
master is a main substance.
In a different angle, substance is more like a fixed energy, while applicable
agent is changeable energy. Since we learned that stems are pure and
intangible energy from the heaven, we may translate stems applicable agents,
while branches are mixed energy derived from heaven but more tangible.
The way we read one‟s fate by saju is to clarify the day master as substance,
then comprehend how it works under the environment of the month branch
(applicable agent). – To see whether the day master is compatible with the
month branch.
The 8 letters in saju are substances, which are constructed as more of fixed
energies. Then there arise changes by the generation and restriction
activities among the 5 elements, when the saju meets applicable agents, such
as stem activities, 10 year fortune cycle and coming year‟s fortune.
Based on this understanding, we may be able to define what favorable
elements are and what unfavorable elements are.
There are 8 general classification of saju structure.

1. Structure formed by Expression star in different yin-yang (Defiant god,
which is called Sang gwan)
2. Structure formed by Expression star in same yin-yang (Playing god,
which is called Sik sin)
3. Structure formed by Money star in different yin-yang (Proper money

god, which is called Jeong jae)
4. Structure formed by Money star in same yin-yang (Expediential money
god, which is called Pyeon jae)
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5. Structure formed by Career star in different yin-yang (Proper career
god, which is called Jeong gwan)
6. Structure formed by Career star in same yin-yang (Expediential career
god, which is called Pyeon gwan)
7. Structure formed by Knowledge star in different yin-yang (Proper

knowledge god, which is called Jeong in)
8. Structure formed by Knowledge star in same yin-yang (Expediential
knowledge god, which is called Pyeon in)
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We don‟t include the structure formed by Friend stars.
Then how do we determine the structure? First of all, month branch is a

major energy flow of one‟s fate, so we need to figure out the month branch
first.
1. Review the inclusion of the month branch. Among them, if any one
element penetrates through a stem, it determines the structure of saju.
2. If more than one element penetrate through stems, regular energy is
the strongest. And it determines the structure of saju.
3. If any friend stars penetrate through stems, do not count them as
structure of Friend star.
4. If no inclusion from month branch penetrates through stem, just
consider the regular energy. It determines the structure.
5. The structures need to be generated from healthy elements, so
damaged elements cannot make a structure.
6. In case month branch is clashed, it‟s better to consider the other
branches. The strength of branches are, month>time>day>year
When you figure the structure, below aspects need to be reviewed.

1. The structures and favorable elements need to be strong and healthy
as possible. This will enable the day master to achieve certain success
in life path.
2. The favorable elements need to be supported. If they are too strong, it
requires other elements to restrain. The other elements to drain the
energy of the strong element are needed.
3. The unfavorable elements need to be restricted
Below summarized the meanings of the structure,

1. The structure is one‟s environment and field of activity.
2. The useful and applicable agents mean one‟s capability and
competence.
3. The favorable element is something that supports useful agent.
4. The unfavorable element is something that bothers the process and
creates troublesome gossips.
5. If the structure is a body, the applicable useful agent is a mind. If the
structure is a car, the applicable useful agent is a driver who drives the
car. If the structure is a container, the applicable agent is its purpose
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and where it is used.
6. If the structure is not strong and clear, one‟s occupation, career and
social status in life path are not favorable.
7. It is more welcomed when the favorable determining element for
structure is positioned in month or year stem. When it is not connected
with stem, the structure is not so prestigious.
8. It is better to follow the strong structure or strong useful applicable
agent as possible.
Four lucky star structures – need either supports or drainage

Sik-sin (expression star in same yin/yang)
Money stars (both same and different yin/yang)
Jeong-gwan (career star in different yin/yang)
Jeong-in (knowledge star in different yin/yang)
Four unlucky star structures – need restraints

Sang-gwang (expression star in different yin/yang)
Pyeon-gwan (career star in same in/yang)
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Pyeon-in (knowledge star in same yin/yang)
Friend stars
Features of each structure

1. The Structure formed by Expression star in different yin-yang (Sang
gwan structure)
When an expression star in month branch is different yin-yang from a day
master, or any one element from inclusion of month branch, penetrated
through stem is expression star of different yin-yang.
The different yin-yang of expression star(sang gwan) hurts career star, so it
is better not to have career star (proper career god-Jeong gwan) in the saju
of this structure.
Successful scenario
1) When knowledge star is able to control „Sang gwan‟.
2) When a day master is strong and proper money star drains the energy
from Sang gwan.
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3) When there is a strong career star-Pyeon gwan, which is restrained by
Sang gwan.
4) When a day master is weak and also being drained by expression star,
it is required to have a knowledge star accompanied by career star.
The knowledge star will ultimately support the weak day master.
Unsuccessful scenario
1) There are clashes among expression stars
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2) When there is proper career star but it is restrained by Sang gwan –
defiant god
3) Expression star is well restrained by Knowledge star, but the

knowledge star gets damaged by money star.
4) Weak day master has expression star and it flows to money star. But
the power of expression and money stars are too strong.
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5) Sang gwan is restraining the Pyeon gwan (Expediential career god) but
knowledge star is also restraining the Sang gwan.
6) The Sang gwan structure is damaged by strong knowledge stars.
7) Weak day master has expression star and flows to money star, but
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there also is a Pyeon gwan (Expediential career god).
2. The Structure formed by Expression star in same yin-yang (Sik sin

structure)
When a month branch is an expression star (same yin-yang as day
master), or any one element from the inclusion of month branch,
penetrated through stem is an expression star.
Expression star is related with eating, playing and talent. It requires a
money star to circulate the energy through.
Successful scenario
1) When a strong day master has expression star in its structure
accompanied by money star.
2) When a day master has strong career star, and it is restrained by an

expression star.
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3) When an expression star is too strong, it requires a knowledge star to
balance the power.
1) When expression stars are clashed or penalized
2) When career stars are too strong but an expression star is too weak to
restrain the career star
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3) When a useful expression star is damaged by knowledge stars
4) When an expression star is paired with others
5) When a day master is not strong

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3. The Structure formed by Money star in different yin-yang (Jeong jae
structure)
When a money star in month branch is different yin-yang from day master or
any one element from the inclusion of month branch, penetrated through stem
is money star of different yin-yang.
The Jeong jae structure requires strong day master. But there shouldn‟t be
too many different friend stars in saju.
Successful scenario
1) A Strong day master accompanied by strong money star, which in turn
generates career stars.
2) A Strong day master accompanied by weak money star, which is

supported by expression stars.
3) A Strong day master accompanied by a weak money star. There is no

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expression star then the career star is able to control the strong day
master.
4) A Weak day master accompanied by strong money star, but the weak
day master is supported by a knowledge star. (The money and
knowledge stars need to be positioned separately).
1) When money stars are damaged
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2) When there are many friend stars for a weak money star
3) When a weak day master has strong money stars and also restrained
by a career star
4) When a money star generates career star, but the career star is
damaged
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5) When a weak day master has strong expression and money stars
4. The Structure formed by Money star in same yin-yang (Pyeon jae

structure)
It has similar properties and explanations to Jeong jae.
5. The Structure formed by Career star in different yin-yang (Jeong gwan

structure)
When a career star in month branch is different yin-yang from a day master
or any one element from the inclusion of month branch, penetrated through
stem is a career star of different yin-yang. The Jeong gwan structure
requires supports from money stars or drains to knowledge stars, rather than
restriction by Sang gwan.
A Day master is required to be strong in order to be well controlled by Jeong
gwan. It needs to avoid from sang gwan. Healthy Jeong gwan structure makes
a noble and high-ranking official.
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Successful scenario
1) A Strong day master has a career star generated by money star
2) A day master is weak and accompanied by strong career stars, and it

circulates through knowledge stars to support the day master.
3) This knowledge star should be placed where no money star can

restrict it.
4) When Sang gwan is to damage the career star, the knowledge should
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be able to control Sang gwan
1) Career stars are damaged or penalized
2) A career star is restrained by Sang gwan
3) Both Jeong gwan and Pyeon gwan are mixed
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4) A Weak day master accompanied by strong career stars
5) There is a weak career star and no other supportive energy
6) Too many knowledge stars are draining a career star
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6. The Structure formed by Career star in same yin-yang (Pyeon gwan
structure)
When a career star in month branch is same yin-yang as a day master or any
one element from the inclusion of month branch, penetrated through stem is
career star of same yin-yang. The Pyeon gwan structure requires strong day
master and it needs to be well controlled by expression stars. Sometimes
Pyeon gwan structure shows stronger leadership and initiatives.
Successful scenario
1) A Strong day master accompanied by strong Pyeon gwan
2) A strong Pyeon gwan is controlled by expression stars
1) A Weak day master
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2) When strong Pyeon gwans do not have expression stars to control
them.
3) When a knowledge star hurts an expression star that is to control

strong Pyeon gwan.
4) When there are strong money stars or strong knowledge stars.
5) When there are strong expression stars
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6) When career stars are clashed or penalized.
7. The Structure formed by Knowledge star in different yin-yang (Jeong-in

structure)
When a knowledge star in month branch is different yin-yang from day
master or any one element from the inclusion of month branch, penetrated
through stem is a knowledge star of different yin-yang.
The Jeong-in structure should not be damaged by money stars. A Weak day
master can be supported by knowledge stars and if there is a career star, it
will raise status of the day master higher.
Successful scenario
1) It is ok with a weak day master even with career stars
2) When a day master is strong, it requires expression stars to drain the

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energy
3) If a knowledge structure is too strong, it needs to be restrained by

money stars
1) When a knowledge structure is damaged by money stars
2) When a knowledge structure is clashed or penalized.
3) When a day master is strong enough, which does not require more
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supports from knowledge stars
8. The Structure formed by Knowledge star in same yin-yang (Pyeon in

structure)
When a knowledge star in month branch is same yin-yang as a day master or
any one element from the inclusion of month branch, penetrated through stem
is knowledge star of same yin-yang. The strong Pyeon-in structure needs to
be restrained by money stars. Even it is ok when the Pyeon-in are clashed or
penalized. But still the Pyeon-in is helpful for a weak day master.
Successful scenario
1) When a strong Pyeon-in is restrained by money stars
2) When a strong day master is accompanied by strong Pyeon-in, it

requires expression stars to drain some energy.
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3) When a strong day master is accompanied by weak Pyeon-in, and it is
supported by career star.
1) When a weak Pyeon-in is restrained by money star
2) When a strong Pyeon-in supports strong day master
3) When there is no other element to control the strong Pyeon-in.
How we define the class of fate

1. Favorable elements are strong and unfavorable elements are weak 
It makes both rich and noble fate
2. Unfavorable elements are strong but there is a useful applicable agent
to control them 
One might have some challenges but is able to overcome difficulty.
3. Favorable and unfavorable elements are mixed 
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Ordinary people‟s life
4. Useful applicable agents are weak and unfavorable elements are strong
One may run through lots of diversities in life and cannot overcome
difficulties
The fate paths between rich and noble lives

When saju has a strong day master and strong money stars supported by
expression star, it pursues wealth and it has talents to make money.
When saju has a strong day master and strong career stars, it pursues noble
lives and achieves high position in its career. Like this, saju structure
determines whether one achieves either rich or noble life. (Between money
fortune cycle and career fortune cycle)
The meaning of strong day master – When a day master takes roots in a
branch, we can say the day master is strong.
The agent that determines wealth – A Weak day master may require friend
stars to achieve money fortune. A Strong day master requires expression and
money stars.
The agent that determines nobility – A Weak day master may require
knowledge stars to achieve noble fortune. A Strong day master requires
money and career stars.
How to read successful or unsuccessful fate for each applicable and useful
agents.
1. When a friend star is an applicable useful agent – People are firm,
vigorous and patient. When a day master gets support from friend stars
(ex, partners, friends, siblings) one may achieve fortune.
2. When an expression is an applicable useful agent – People are talented,
smart, artistic and cultured. When a day master meets expression stars,
one may build a stepping stone for success. One becomes intuitive and
makes right decisions.
3. When a money star is an applicable useful agent – People are
creditable and active. They also care others. When a day master meets
money star fortune, it makes great wealth.
4. When a career star is an applicable useful agent – People want to keep
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their reputation and pursue respectful life. They value fidelity and
show leadership. When a day master meets career star fortune, one is
promoted to a higher position and its leadership is recognized by
others.
5. When a knowledge star is an applicable useful agent – People are wise,
calm and merciful. They keep trying to accumulate honor. When a day
master meets knowledge star fortune, it achieves license, good scores
at school and gains fame.
If saju has an applicable useful agent only in stem, it acquires good fortune
when it meets the element in coming year‟s branch. It is because the energy
needs to connect between stems and branches. If a day master has an
applicable useful agent only in the inclusions of branch, it acquires good
fortune when it meets the element in coming year‟s stem. This is due to the
law of „roots and penetrations‟ between stems and branches. If a day master
has a healthy applicable useful agent both in stems and taking a root in
branches, one may develop better fate constantly.
Ordinary people usually have their favorable and unfavorable elements mixed
in their saju, so we need to evaluate which is stronger or healthier when we
read their life in details.
In case saju has great flow of energy,

1. It needs to follow the strong energy flow.
2. When it meets the strong energy in the coming year‟s fortune, it
achieves good fortune.
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Chapter 2 Harmony
Reading saju is to analyze the yinyang and 5 elements in saju. After defining a
day master of saju, one may evaluate its relationship with other elements and
read the condition of saju structure. It is a process like decoding the signs
from heaven and earth from one’s birth.
There are 4 heavenly stems and 4 terrestrial branches in one’s saju, which
are read through the yin and yang and the five elements of universe. Human
beings are born imperfect considering the fact that saju has to compose 5
elements. Accordingly there must be both harmonious and disharmonious
relation between the day master and other elements. To read this relationship
is the core technique in practicing saju.
If you are able to evaluate how a day master is related with other elements,
harmoniously or disharmoniously, you are already a master to read others’
fate. It would be a secondary work to figure out favorable or unfavorable
elements, or to find out the applicable useful agent in saju. Also after this
being clarified, there is no confusion about ‘structure’. It is still very difficult
and complicated technique to read and clarify saju structure well, in
practicing saju.
You may be able to find your own ways to read one’s fate, whether it is
grasping the structure or comprehending the harmony, or else.
The major principle to comprehend ‘harmony’ in saju is to find neutralizing

energy. Theoretically, from a day master’s viewpoint, if it’s strong, there
required a restricting element. If it’s weak, there required a supportive
(generating) energy. So when the saju has this neutralizing elements, we may
call it ‘applicable useful agent’.
In summary,
1. Saju requires ‘harmony’ the most
2. It requires neutralizing elements to harmonize the energy relationship.
3. We need to review climate of saju to determine the neutralizing
elements. For example, for a day master born in cold month branches,
it needs to add warmth. On the other hand, for a day master born in hot
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month branches, it needs to add coldness.
Then, why ‘Harmony’?

In orient, humans are considered a part of nature, so we read their fate by
one’s birth year, month, day and time. And it is of course required to have
harmonized relationship and energy flow with heaven and earth.
Other than the day master or day stem, the rest elements in the saju could
constitute one’s social and human relationship networks under the name of 5
stars or cycles. They are friend, expression, money, career and knowledge
stars according to the 5 elements circulation.
Some people may have their saju with all five elements balanced, while others
not. The fact that saju has only four pillars means human beings are not
perfect as saju can’t satisfy all five elements. A billionaire may not be happy
with his love life or sometimes he is not healthy enough to enjoy his wealth.
Most ordinary people pursue rich life but not all of them achieve what they
want in their lifetime. An intelligent scholar usually falls in frustration for the
lack of social recognition.
People seem to thirst for what they don’t have, instead of being satisfied with
what they have.
The 4 stems and 4 branches in saju are not fossilized. Some letters are
enforced while others are weakened as time goes by. Some letters are
revived when they meet certain energy in coming years while others are
damaged.
The logic in reading our fate by saju cannot be testified through certain
experiments. Yet still exists.
Wood is not just called „wood‟. On the contrary, we have to understand that
wood is generated by water, then it generates fire. Also it restricts earth and
is restricted by metal, as seen by the five elements diagram. They should be
understood by the relationship with others, so when the fire energy is strong,
for example, we consider that wood might be exhausted as the wood energy
is absorbed by the fire and the earth would become fertile by vital fire energy,
and the metal can be damaged as the fire would melt it, and so on.
When ancient people studied the universe and the situation of human beings,
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they tried to look everything under the concept of “relationship”.
Now we may be able to see how this understanding was applied to saju.
When we read the other elements in saju, energy balance and their
relationship are more valued instead of just counting the number of each
element.
As many of us agree, money is such important factor to determine one’s life
successful or not in modern society. In reading the saju, if you found lots of
money stars in your saju, would you consider that you have big money
fortune and your life is happy?
The answer is no.

There are only four pillars in a saju while you need to fill them with five
elements. So there always is a lacking in our life. Each element has its own
luck and influence to your life, for example, a friend star gives you strength, a
knowledge star gives you wisdom, an expression star talents, a career star
social recognition and power, etc. So having many money stars means you
are lacking the other fortune. And it also suggests that in order to make
money, your energy is exhausted.
The oriental philosophy teaches us to look at the whole picture and
understand the mechanism of relationship.
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Then, how to judge ?
First, Harmony of the 5 elements

1. If one element sitting on a branch as a regular energy 
proper power and it has virtue.
2. If an element comes only from inclusion, whether one or more than two,
not as a regular energy 
still weak and it lacks virtue.
3. If an element is sitting on more than two branches as regular energies
 excessive power (Excessiveness is not better than lacking, as it is
cumbersome and disturb the other stars.
Second, Harmony of yin-yang

Yin and yang, coldness and warmth, brightness and darkness, etc. determine
the atmosphere of saju.
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Deepen your study of Harmony
The harmony of saju means it has all five elements properly constituted in
saju. When we define favorable elements and unfavorable elements, the
favorable elements need to be strong and unfavorable elements need to be
weak. But before that, saju needs to have all five elements as possible. As
written above, one regular element may bring proper fortune. If the element
exists in more than two branches, it is called excessive and not favorable. If
the element exists only in inclusions not as a regular energy, it is weak. You
should be able to utilize this principle in practicing saju.
Let‟s see how we can judge with an actual example.

Time Day Month Year Male
Gye Gi Byeong Im
Yu Chuk O In
Metal Earth Fire wood
-wood ; proper
-fire ; proper
-earth ; proper
-metal ; proper
-water ; insufficient
When it comes to the 5 elements harmony, this saju is well balanced. Wood is
a career star and this person has career fortune. Fire is a knowledge star and
he has good fortune with his mother, study and respect. Earth is a friend star
and he has supportive friends and siblings. Metal is an expression star, and
he doesn‟t have difficulty in determining what to do in his life. Water is a
money star, which is weak so he is lacking money fortune or luck of his wife.
Since he still has an appropriate expression star, he is making effort to earn
money, but the outcome is not as much as he endeavors.
Then, what element will be damaged mostly in this saju ?

It is Water, which has least power. There is gye water included in chuk of a
day branch. During his age 31-45, he may have some difficulty whenever
chuk is clashed or penalized. If he had extra water element in other branch
inclusions, the damage could be lessened.
Water element represents money, wife, outcome and health. If he had health
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problem for himself during this period, his wife would take good care of him.
Actually, his relationship with his wife and his health were good, but he had
financial problems.
In this saju, the most powerful element is Byeong fire. Byeong fire in the
month of o, requires im water to restrain its fire power. It is good that he has
im water in year stem, but im water is too weak to influence byeong.
Let‟s go back to money star (water), which is positioned in the inclusions of

Chuk.
During his age 31-45, he tries to make money. But it couldn‟t be enough.
How about year of gye-mi ? There was actually a clashing between chuk and
mi, so he had financial loss in that year. He may acquire jeong fire from
inclusion of mi, but still the loss of money is unavoidable. Other than this
period(31-45), he may be able to meet girl friend and make money when chuk
is clashed or penalized.
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Chapter 3 Hidden letters
Hidden letters are the hidden energy in saju. We‟ve learned the meaning of
harmony in saju. But when I practiced saju in the field, I saw so many people
with their saju of all four branch letters were clashed so it seemed like all 5
elements were damaged. If you are not an expert, you would be flustered in
front of this client. Also when you say certain incidents related with clashes,
such as divorce, and if the client answers he/she is not divorced, you would
not be able to find further advice. The secret to explain this situation is
„hidden letters‟. When a certain element is damaged, or not positioned in the
branch, even in the inclusion, the hidden letters can compensate some energy.
In many cases, people have hidden letters to supplement missing or lacking
energy in their saju.
The principle of hidden letters

1. By 6 branch clashes
 Ja-O
 Chuk-Mi
 In-Sin
 Myo-Yu
 Jin-Sul
Its principle is based on yin-yang relationship. If a certain energy

reaches its ultimate power, it brings the opposite power.
Ex 1) time day month year
ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
ㅁ in in ㅁ
If two „in‟ letters are placed next to each other, they pull sin metal
energy, which will be placed between month and day branches.

ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
o o ㅁ ㅁ
There are two „o‟ fires in day and time branches and they bring ja
water to place between time and day branch.
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ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
o o ㅁ ja
If there already exist ja water in saju, two „o‟ fire can not bring ja
water. So there is no hidden letter in this saju.
We may apply this for all 6 branch clashes.
2. By in-between energy
The 12 terrestrial branches are flowing from spring-summer-fall-
winter and then to spring again. They are not just meaning the season
as blocked letters, but circulating. The 10 stems, on the other hand,
they are also moving in heaven but their movement is not in order. The
12 branches keep their sequence in exact timing of a year, of a month
of a day and time, so there is a regularity in their movement. Owing to
this regularity in flow of 12 branches-from ja to hae, if there are any
missing letters between two, this letter is brought in.
Ja Chuk In Myo Jin Sa O Mi Sin Yu Sul Hae

ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
ㅁ ㅁ in ja
There missing a branch letter, chuk between in and ja of month and
year branch.
ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
ㅁ ㅁ hae yu
Sul is brought in between the branch hae and yu.
3. By trine combinations
Seasonal trine Assembly trine
 In-Myo-Jin  Hae-Myo-Mi Wood trine
 Sa-O-Mi  In-O-Sul Fire trine
 Sin-Yu-Sul  Sa-Yu-Chuk Metal trine
 Hae-Ja-Chuk  Sin-Ja-Jin Water trine
Among three trine letters, if saju has only two letters, the last one
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letter is brought in.
ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
ㅁ ㅁ ja sin
Among sin-ja-jin water trine, jin is missing in this saju and we need to
read this hidden letter between the period of month and year branches.
ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
ㅁ ㅁ yu sul
In order to make sin-yu-sul metal (fall) trine, sin is brought in between
the month and year branches.
ㅁ gap ㅁ ㅁ
In o ㅁ ㅁ
Sul is brought in to make a fire trine.
4. Ja-sa inducing energy

When saju has ja in time branch (when one was born in time 11pm-
1am), ja water brings sa fire energy. There are some controversies
about this, but as practicing actual saju, I found many cases have ja-sa
inducing energy.
5. Lastly, there is hidden energy brought by numbers indicated by sound

of the 5 elements.- Nap Eum
The 10 heavenly stems are floating and circulating from gap to gye,
while the 12 terrestrial branches are also circulating by certain rules.
This affects the fate of human beings who are living in the universe
and standing on earth. This circulation of stems and 12 branches
makes 60 combinations and each of this 60 combinations has five
elements energy respectively.
There are five elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, water) in the
universe, five mountains (big mountains located in four direction-east,
west, south, north and center) in earth, five organs in human body, and
five protruding (right and left cheekbones, chin, forehead and nose) in
face. So everything in universe is constituted by 5 elements.
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Although this lesson is not about oriental philosophy itself, let‟s briefly
learn how they figured numbers for universe. Heaven is like beginning,
such as it is a stage of being nothing becomes being something, so it is
one. Then the energy from heaven comes down to earth to make two.
And human being created by heaven and earth is three. This way,
Heaven one, Earth two, and Human three are initiated.
One plus Three makes Four,

Two plus Three makes Five
One plus Two plus Three makes Six.
The way they figured numbers by 5 elements, 10 stems and 12

branches are below.
5 no 5 no 5 no 5 no 5 no
elements elements elements elements elements
stem Gap 1 Byeong 2 Mu 3 Gyeong 4 Im 5
Eul Jeong Gi Sin Gye
branch Ja O 1 In Sin 2 Jin Sul 3 4 5
Chuk Mi Myo Yu Sa Hae
Nap Wood Metal Water Fire Earth
eum
As you can find from above chart, the stem and branch combinations,
for example, gap-ja and eul-chuk, has number-one assigned each, so
they sum up(1+1) to make two. Two stands for metal so they make
metal energy. Another example, byeong-in (2+2) makes four, so they
make fire energy. Im-sul makes eight and after it is divided by five, it
becomes three, which is water energy.
Here is a chart of Nap-eum.

Gap Eul Byeong Jeong Mu Gi Gyeong Sin Im Gye
Ja Chuk In Myo Jin Sa O Mi Sin Yu
metal fire wood earth metal
Sul Hae Ja Chuk In Myo Jin Sa O Mi
fire water earth metal wood
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Sin Yu Sul Hae Ja Chuk In Myo Jin Sa
water earth fire wood water
O Mi Sin Yu Sul Hae Ja Chuk In Myo
metal fire wood earth metal
Jin Sa O Mi Sin Yu Sul Hae Ja Chuk
fire water earth metal wood
In Myo Jin Sa O Mi Sin Yu Sul Hae
water earth fire wood water
Further thoughts about hidden letters

The place and space where we live is three dimensional. We do not live in a
flat universe. Saju is derived from one‟s birth year, month, day and time,
even though it looks like two dimensional, when we plot the saju. The way we
read saju is to analyze one‟s time flow to get the hints about how one was
born, lives through and finishes its life.
Although it looks like flat, when it is seen through the perspective of yin and
yang, stems talk about one or two dimensional energy, branches are the
mixed energy of stems, they are more about three dimensional.
Consequently, it is not such preposterous to talk about those hidden letters.
Saju masters should be able to read those hidden energy in saju to tell every
nook and cranny of the life.
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Chapter 4 Root, Seed, Flower and Fruit
The way a saju master reads fate by saju is to figure each pillar by 15 years.
Someone insist that it should be by 20 years as people live longer nowadays,
but many master still use 15 years time frame because once one reaches 60
years old, the fate should go back to be read by year pillar again then to
month, day and time sequence. It is based on the 60 stem-branch
combinations.
Here are more specifics,

0-15 years old are seen by a year pillar
16-30 years old are seen by a month pillar
31-45 years old are seen by a day pillar
46-60 years old are seen by a time pillar
The center of year pillar is 8 years old

The center of month pillar is 23 years old
The center of day pillar is 38 years old
The center of time pillar is 53 years old
There is a saying in Korea that when people get old, they act like a kid. After
we read fates from time pillar (till 60 years old), the fate goes back to year
pillar.
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44
Chapter 5 Branches in depth
Three places (Branch groups)
The 12 branches are classified by its activity – starting season, middle season
and ending season. So there are 4 letters from each season to constitute
specific activities.
12 branches / 3 activities (start – middle – end) = 4 letters (or 4 seasons)
Assembly trine
 Hae-Myo-Mi Wood trine
 In- O- Sul Fire trine
 Sa- Yu- Chuk Metal trine
 Sin-Ja- Jin Water trine
1. Four live letters (the letters in the beginning of each season) –

In, Sa, Sin, Hae
The word „Live‟ has two meanings
Firstly, it means to start a season.
In the season of spring (in-myo-jin), in means staring of spring,
in summer (sa-o-mi), sa means starting of summer,
in fall (sin-yu-sul), sin means starting of fall,
in winter (hae-ja-chuk), hae means starting of winter.
Secondly, looking them in terms of qi-flow, they have vitality as they should
prepare for a new season.
Then how do we translate them in saju.
They have free thoughts. In general, they understand objects quickly but
easily get tired of them. And because of this characteristic, they do not like
repetitive tasks. When they do dynamic and creative tasks, they are excited
and feel more sense of accomplishment. They are quick in their
communications. If someone restricts their thoughts or actions, they resist or
they show extreme mentality. People with these 4 letters in their saju will
move frequently, and they often want to change their home and office
environment such as changing the furniture layout. In their work, if there is
no satisfactory promotion or any new stimulus, they simply move or quit their
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jobs. They are free and they dream of changes. They like travelling. If they
move, they move far away. If they move by the clashes of these 4 live letters,
they move by obvious accidents, such as by some family member‟s death,
accidents or divorce, etc. They are all caused by the fierce characteristics of
4 live letters.
2. Four flourish letters(letters in the middle of each season)-

Ja, O, Myo, Yu
Ja is in the middle of winter season (flourish energy of water), O is flourish
energy of fire, yu is flourish energy of metal, and myo is flourish energy of
wood. Also their inclusion letters are simpler than other branches. Like this
they are simple, not complicated. They are realistic and self-oriented. They
have good-postures in their face and body. And they are popular because of
this characteristic.
People who have many flourish letters in their saju are clear in their
expression and usually confident in what they do. But on the other hand, they
are not flexible because they are so firm in their own thoughts. Accordingly,
they are creditable in relationship with others but it is also not easy to
become friends.
3. Four repository letters(letters in the end of each season)-

Jin, Sul, Chuk, Mi
Jin, Sul, Chuk, Mi are the letters to bury things inside the grave. In other
words, they are storing things inside the storage. It is like being in the grave,
so they are stuffy and sometimes make certain energy powerless.
The letters that become powerless by repository letters are as below.
Repository letters Inclusions Powerless stems
Mi Jeong Eul Gi Gap, Gye
Sul Sin, Jeong, Mu Byeong, Eul (Mu)
Chuk Gye, Sin, Gi Gyeong, Jeong, (Gi)
Jin Eul, Gye, Mu Im, Sin
Wood is a season of spring, Next fire is summer, Wood will be buried when it
meets mi (mi is the last month of summer, which is the next month of spring).
And when they apply this, they used yang stem as a criterion.
Like this, the grave places, or four repository letters, bury something at the
end of next season of their own representative season. So they also have
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some implication of retrospection, reflection, longing for past glories, or a
feeling of knowing the imminent death. So if the saju with more than two of
these letters are philosophical, meditative, reflective and religious. Four
repository letters bury things inside and store them so it‟s hard to know what
their real inner desire is. Once they hide themselves, they do not contact with
anyone and it‟s not easy to get to know what they are doing after that.
If they move, the cause and process are different from others. People with
repository letters in their saju, move far away. If there are clashes or
penalties, they move so frequent. There is no specific cause of move with
repository letters. It is not just for the education of kids or husband‟s
company. It is more caused by helpless situations, such as bankruptcy, or
changed landlord or sudden terminations of contracts, etc.
There are lots of secrets and complicated stories in 4 repository letters.
Usually they are shown by the non-repository letters positioned next.
4. Clashes and Penalties of repository letters

Other than the other letters, such as those in flourish and live places, the
clashes among repository letters do not damage earth elements themselves.
That‟s why people call them „friends conflicts‟
However for those who utilize water element (favorable elements) and when
the water, such as im or gye, takes root in jin earth (inclusion gye), the clash
of jin and sul hurts water.
For example, gye day master uses earth as career star. If the saju has mu
earth, which takes roots in jin earth, then the jin is clashed with sul earth. In
this case, mu earth career star does not hurt by this clash.
However for jeong day master, uses im water as career star, the clash
between jin and sul, hurts its career star, when the im water takes root in jin
earth.
The clashes among four live letters, in, sin, sa, hae, are the most fierce, while
the clashes among four flourish letters, ja, o, myo, yu, are clear cut. There
are either clear winning or clear losing. So if the flourish letters were
favorable elements, the clash will definitely bring bad luck, in the meantime, if
the flourish letters were unfavorable elements, the clash will bring good luck.
In recap, the clashes and/or penalties of repository letters are not always bad,
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but we should be able to read them in specific five cycles.
Then how do we read saju when these live, flourish, repository letters are
mixed in saju ?
First we read them by each phase of life (root-seed-flower-fruit). If a live
letter placed on year pillar, we may read that one‟s youth (0-15 years old)
was very active, or if it is a knowledge star, one may study abroad, because
one‟s knowledge (studying) involves travelling. If any of repository letters
are placed in the time pillar, one becomes spiritual at the age of 45 years old
and after.
If a repository letter of knowledge star is clashed or penalized, one‟s mother
may marry twice, or one may have more than two mothers, etc. which is
showing complicated family affairs.
If the repository letters are money stars, one resembles one‟s father‟s
personality and other characteristics, while if it is a knowledge star, one
resembles one‟s mother in every perspectives. Usually people have full of
stories in their life such as family affairs that one might want to hide. If the
repository letters are friend stars or the friend star is taking root in the
repository letters and they are clashed or penalized, one might have
complicated stories with one‟s siblings. The repository letters are earth
elements which do not have their own specific characteristic but are more
influenced by adjacent elements.
Time day month year

Gyeong
Hae In Mi Sul
The day master, Gyeong, feels knowledge star (mi) as his money star (in). –
The repository letters are influenced by adjacent element. Also the
knowledge star acts as if his money star and the day master like it. He likes a
woman older than his age, or a woman like his mother, or mother behaves
like his father, etc. His money star is a live letter (in), which means his wife
is very active, also his expression star is a live place (hae), he may act for
himself and he has his own free will in his thoughts and acts, etc.
Parents divorce is more likely to happen with clashes or penalties among live
letters, while their living in happy marriage life is with flourish letters. The
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flourish letters mean happy and harmonious life, while repository letters
mean complicated life stories.
Although we apply each letter to each phase of life (root, seed, flower and
fruit), major personality is determined by crucial letters in one‟s saju, which
balances and directs one‟s life. A Career star in live letters means that one
has dynamic career path, while in repository letter means one might select
ones career path apart from what he or she studied at school. The fate cycle,
whatever it is, takes long in repository letters.
If knowledge star is in the live letters, one crams at the last minutes, if in
repository letters, one studies only when he or she wants. One can be artistic
or sensitive.
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Chapter 6 Twelve Stages of Life
During the course of circulation, the phases of Wood, Fire, Metal and Water
progress through twelve distinct stages of alternating prevalence and
feebleness. Any element will experience its highest radiance at Life Stage 4
and 5.
The first Life Stage of Wood occurs in the month of November (Stage 1).
Then it reaches Life Stage 5 in the month of February.
This is the way how we evaluate the strength of stems when they meet 12
branches respectively and by classify them as 12 stages, saju master is able
to evaluate birth, old age, sickness and death – the four phases of life.
The 12 stage of life and its personality, traits and compatible professions
1 Birth Jang Happiness, honesty, kindness,
saeng gentleness, good relationships,
長生 energetic, needs care
Others like and respect them.
A quick learner who is intelligent,
lives a long life and has many
opportunities.
Compatible professions – helping or
assisting others
2 Bathes after birth- Mok yok First time one ever washes his hair
Childhood 沐浴 Energetic, needs care
Gradual growth and enjoys new
activities. Easily influenced by others
and needs inspiration to develop or
mature.
Compatible profession – requires
stable partners in business and
personal relationships.
3 Youth, Getting dressed Gwan Energetic, needs guidance.
dae Learning to be an adult, developing,
冠帶 maturing, desires fame and leadership.
Uses intelligence to succeed.
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Preparing for success.
Compatible profession – Utilizes
intelligence and verbal skills. For
example, lawyer, accountant, teacher,
sales, business person.
4 Graduation Gun rok Becoming an official, Upwardly

建祿 mobile, Be given official position
Desires fame, management and
leadership, intelligent, mature, honest
and open-minded. Is an independent,
self-made person, Potential for great
wealth, success and fame.
Compatible profession – Business
owner, executive, leadership or
management
5 Prime (prosperous) Jae wang Reaching the peak
years 帝王 Desires fame, ownership and
leadership. Great probability for
wealth and success. Can be
overconfident and questions
everything. Adventurous in a
dangerous way, does not give up
whether right or wrong. This is the
peak, should be cautious of decline
and loss. Needs a good life plan in
order to retain achievement and
resources.
Compatible professions – Best to own
and work at own company.
Eg. The owner and cook of a
restaurant
6 Declining (wane) Shae 衰 Enjoying the past glory
Situation has reached the top and now
turns. A nice person, patient, not a big
planner. Needs a calm, steady life. It
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passive and doesn‟t challenge
authority. Must be steady and
consistent to accomplish goals.
Compatible professions – A steady, 9-
5 job. Find a position where
responsibilities end when the work
day is completed.
7 Sick, disease Byeong Getting weak
病 The decline stage but more intense
Compatible profession – Gentle and
peaceful work which is not high-
pressured.
8 Die, Death Sa 死 Body dies
Hastiness, a chronic worrier, creates
a lot of problems and challenges in
relationships. Preferable to marry
later in life. Needs energy to achieve,
as well as exercise and good nutrition
to maintain health.
Compatible profession – Arts or
literature. Not business management.
9 Bury, buried(grave, Myo 墓 In the grave, storing up
tomb) Likes to collect things, saves money
well, introverted and enjoys indoors.
Is cautious, quiet and honest. Needs
to be motivated to open up, then can
achieve and be successful. Can be
very lucky with money if open-
minded.
Compatible profession – No particular
profession is more suitable than
another. Must open mind and attitudes
to succeed.
10 Totally vanished, Void Jeol, 絶 Prepares for new life
Emptiness, worry, impatience,
hastiness and doesn‟t finish things. A
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poor planner who can be susceptible
to being cheated by others. Focus on
being calm, careful and serious or
many problems and obstacles will
surface. Needs support for
achievement.
Compatible profession - Regular
career worker
11 Embryo (formed) Tae 胎 Beginning of new era
New beginning. Interested in all things
new. Possess a good sense of humor
and enjoys helping people. Good luck
surrounds him or her. Health is weak
when young, but as they age, their
health gets better. Likes to know
details and reasons for things. Is
optimistic about the future.
Compatible profession – A helper or
assistant, especially in the arts.
12 Developing, Raise, Yang 養 New life develops
Nourish Needs a lot of energy and strong
support from family, friends and
environment. If he or she perseveres
and works hard, they can be
successful in career and family. They
are honest and social people who are
satisfied with their existing lifestyle.
These 12 stages of life explain the energy flow and its strength in the
relationship of stem and branches but they also imply the eternal cycle of
birth, death and rebirth. The logic behind this is to tell us about nothing is
determined, so if one is experiencing difficulty in certain phase of life, it is
not the final stage and there should not be conclusion in our life. Many people
overcome certain adversity to change their lives after turning points.
1. Birth (Jang saeng or Saeng) – It is a stage when an embryo starts new
life after cutting its umbilical cord from its mother. It becomes perfect
as a self and turns its life from darkness to brightness. So Jang saeng
is seen as a lucky star to show its independency and frontier spirit.
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2. Bathes after birth (Mok yok or Yok) – Childhood. It is a stage when a
baby is taking bathes to stand on by oneself. It is good as it cleans
ones body to show oneself, but it also means that one has to face the
world when one is not ready yet. While it needs care, it also denotes
some obscene features as it looks like naked.
3. Getting dressed (Gwan dae or Dae) – Youth. It is a stage one is being

educated and get dressed for social activities. It is being cultured and
learns virtue in the society. It has dreams for the bright future and it
shows vivacity, brightness and adventurous attitude.
4. Graduation (Gun rok) – This is a vigorous stage in one‟s life such as

30-40 years age. It works hard and still is energetic for social
activities. It is seen as lucky star as it denotes initiatives, planning for
better life. The personality shown by Gun-rok is self-confidence and
responsibility.
5. Prime (prosperous) years (Jae wang or Wang) – It is a matured stage in

one‟s life. People achieve their dream in 40-50 years age. They see
the fruits from their hard works. It is seen a lucky star and shows
dignity and strength.
6. Declining (Shae) – It means declining stage after one‟s life hits the
climax. It is like the life stage in 50-60 years age. People are getting
old and weakened. It is rather seen unlucky star and it shows
conservativeness and timidity.
7. Disease (Byeong) – It is a stage of people‟s age 70 years or after as

twilight years. It is seen as unlucky star because it implies a painful life.
People get hurts easily with this star mentally and physically as they
are weak.
8. Death (Sa) – It is a stage the body dies after it used up all the energy
given by the nature. It is when the fate-watch stops working. It is seen
unlucky star as money, reputation, health and love, everything is in
vain. Its personality is mild but it easily gives up.
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9. Bury (Grave – Myo) – It means people go back to the place where they
were born. They take rests for the next life in both body and soul. It
may be seen peaceful but it is a stage of neither this world nor other
world. There is only powerless energy like a ghost. It is seen unlucky.
People with this star take what really matters and do not show their
inner minds.
10.Totally vanished (Jeol) – It is a stage to disconnect from this world and

move to the other world. All the memories of agony and delusion are
cleared after this stage. The soul becomes pure but still the next world
is influenced by this world so it is nervous about everything. It shows
anxiety and loneliness with unrest feeling.
11.Embryo (Tae) – According to the eternal cycle of birth and death, the
pure soul comes back to this world by certain law of universe. It is a
stage when the embryo is implanted in womb. It is seen as lucky star
because the lost soul is finding its body and time. Its personality is
generous.
12.Developing (Yang) – It is a stage for pregnancy. It feels warm and cozy

like mother‟s womb. It shows both expectation and fear for the new
world so it is seen as half lucky and half unlucky. Its personality is
cautious and emotional.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Saeng Yok Dae Rok Wang Shae Byeong Sa Myo Jeol Tae Yang
Gap hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin yu sul
Eul o sa jin myo in chuk ja hae sul yu sin mi
Byeong in myo jin sa o mi sin yu sul hae ja chuk
Mu
Jeong yu sin mi o sa jin myo in chuk ja hae sul
Gi
Gyeong sa o mi sin yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin
Sin ja hae sul yu sin mi o sa jin myo in chuk
Im sin yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi
Gye myo in chuk ja hae sul yu sin mi o sa jin
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Yang stems circulates in order in their relationship with branches, while yin
stems circulates in retrogression. For example gap wood starts from hae
water as its stage one (birth), when water generates wood, then peaks in myo
(prime years) and vanishes in sin metal. While Eul wood starts stage one
(birth) in o fire then goes in retrogression to reach prime years in „In‟ wood
then vanishes in yu metal. It is because ancient people looked the law of
universe for yin and yang oppositely.
1. Saeng
Year pillar – luck of ancestors
Month pillar – luck of parents and siblings
Day pillar – harmonious marriage life, stable life
Time pillar – children‟s success, happiness in latter life.
2. Yok
Year pillar – lonely childhood, no luck of ancestors
Month pillar – no luck of parents, hardship in youth
Day pillar – troubled marriage life, unstable life
Time pillar – lonely latter life
3. Dae
Year pillar – smart student in childhood
Month pillar – good scores in school examination, early success
Day pillar – harmonious marriage life, wealth and career success
Time pillar – children‟s success, happiness in latter life
4. Rok
Year pillar – early luck, ancestor‟s heritage
Month pillar – parents‟ heritage, career fortune
Day pillar – healthy marriage life, wealth, respect
Time pillar – children‟s success, reputation
5. Wang
Year pillar – ancestor‟s heritage
Month pillar – parents‟ heritage, wealth
Day pillar – happy marriage life, good business
Time pillar – bequest to children, fortunate life
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Shae
Year pillar – lack of ancestor‟s luck
Month pillar – lack of parents‟ luck, hardship
Day pillar – unhealthy marriage life
Time pillar – lonely latter life
6. Byeong
Year pillar – lack of ancestor‟s luck, unhealthy childhood
Month pillar – lack of parents‟ luck, hardship in youth
Day pillar - troubled marriage life, separation
Time pillar – less relationship with children, sickness
7. Sa
Year pillar – misfortune in ancestor‟s days, no luck in childhood
Month pillar – misfortune in parents‟ days, no luck in youth
Day pillar – separation, sickness, divorce
Time pillar – no luck of children, painful latter life
8. Myo
Year pillar – troubled childhood, misfortune in ancestor‟s days
Month pillar – misfortune in parents‟ days, less help from others
Day pillar – unhappy marriage life, confinement
Time pillar – no luck of children, sorrow, resentment
9. Jeol
Year pillar - troubled childhood, misfortune in ancestor‟s days
Month pillar – misfortune in parents‟ days, less help from others
Day pillar – separation, sickness, divorce
Time pillar – no luck of children, sorrow, resentment
10.Tae
Year pillar – support from ancestors
Month pillar – support from parents, harmonious relationship
Day pillar – good marriage life
Time pillar – luck of children
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11.Yang
Year pillar – support from ancestors
Month pillar – support from parents
Time pillar – harmonious marriage life
Time pillar – happy family relationship, harmonious latter life
How to read fate by the 12 stages of life

1. From the day master‟s standpoint, year, month, day and time branches
are figured for 12 stages of life respectively.
2. Each pillar is figured for 12 stages of life.
3. From the viewpoint of each stem, 4 branches are figured for 12 stages
of life respectively.
4. All the inclusions in each branch is figured.
While all branches are figured for 12 stages of life, month branch has biggest
influence above all.
When we balance dry, hot or wet, cold condition in saju, there usually
requires byeong fire-warmth and gye water-coldness. Then when we balance
the defects of generation and restriction cycle – when power flow in saju is
not balanced, there requires gap, jeong, mu, gyeong and im.
It is necessary to understand the mechanism of 12 stages of life, as it is a
tool to know the strength and stream of each stem and branch in reading saju.
The critical combinations of stems and branches in terms of 12 stages.
Gap-ja (2.yok) : Ja water is a knowledge star of gap wood. Mother is not

helpful in Gap;s life, knowledge, academic background, licenses are not
satisfactory. Gap may be a devoted son or daughter and need to care for his
or her sick mother.
Gap-o (8.sa) : O fire is an expression star of gap wood. Gap is worried about
what to do. Gap has difficulty in finding future career path. Woman may have
trouble with her children, She becomes unhealthy after child birth. Gap-o in
marriage palace denotes unhappy marriage life.
Death of his or her siblings.
Gap-sin (10.jeol) : Sin metal is a career star for gap wood. Woman does not
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have a happy marriage. There can be divorce, or even she is not divorced,
she may live separate with her husband. Her husband is not a family man.
Man is infertile. Gap is in trouble with its job.
Eul-sa (2.yok) : Sa fire is an expression star for eul wood. It delivers similar
situation as Gap-o. It is 2-yok instead of 8-sa stage, so there are distorted
results, such as dishonor.
Eul-hae (8.sa) : Hae water is a knowledge star for eul wood. It‟s similar to
gap-ja. Death of his or her siblings
Eul-yu (10.jeol) : Yu metal is a career star for eul wood. It‟s similar to gap-
sin.
Byeong-sin (7.byeong) : Sin metal is a money star for byeong fire. Byeong
has to take care of his sick wife and it denotes unhealthy marriage palace.
Byeong woman has to take care of her sick mother in law.
Byeong-sul (9.myo) : Sul earth is an expression star for byeong fire. Naughty
children for her. Slump in developing one‟s career path. Confinement in one‟s
marriage life.
Jeong-chuk (9.myo) : Chuk earth is an expression star for jeong fire. It is

similar to Byeong-sul.
Mu-sul (9.myo) : Sul earth is a friend star for mu earth. Very stubborn person
who is domineering one‟s relationship with spouse. A strict spouse.
Gi-chuk (9.myo) : Chuk earth is a friend star for gi earth.. It‟s similar to Mu-
sul.
Gyeong-ja (8.sa) : Ja water is an expression star for gyeong metal. A nagger.

A quarrel between husband and wife. Death of his or her siblings
Gyeong-in (10.jeol) : In wood is a money star for gyeong metal. The

relationship with his wife is not harmonized. Misfortune in finance.
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Sin-sa (8.sa) : Sa fire is a career star for sin metal. Unhappy marriage with
her husband. Remain single. Powerful career fortune but unhappy personal
life. Man is infertile.
Im-jin (9.myo) : Jin earth is a career star for im water. Inactive job.
Confinement. Woman is not happy with her husband.
Ex) female
Time Day Month Year
Sin Gye Im Eul
Yu Sa O Myo
Her husband is mu earth included in sa fire. Sa fire is money star so her

husband may be passive but he has internal stability especially financially. Mu
earth from sa and o fire is strong in its power so he is knowledgeble and
capable husband. Mu-sa is stage 4 and mu-o is stage 5. But there is no stem
penetration so has lack of presence.
Ex) female
Time Day Month Year
Gap Gi ㅁ ㅁ
Ja ㅁ ㅁ ㅁ
If you want to know the status of her husband, we need to see the „12 stages
of life‟ for gap wood. According to 12 stages of life chart, if gap wood is
sitting on hae, ja, chuk, and in, myo, jin(life stages from 1-6), gap‟s vitality is
strengthened in its social and personal activity. Financial situation is also
executed well. While it is on sa o mi and sin yu sul (life stages from 7-12), it
is being weakened. Gap is buried in mi and vanished in sin. While it is raised
in sul, but its presence is still weak. Considering the fact that sin and yu are
career stars for gap, when gap pursues promotion, it may not be a real
promotion in quality but just as a title. If it related with financial aspect, gap‟s
promotion in relationship with sin and yu cannot be beneficial so it is
recommended not to proceed financial investment. Gap‟s status is upward in
connection with stages 1-6(hae, ja, chuk, in, myo, jin) such as opening his
own business but when it turns to stages 7-9 (sa, o, mi), although he still
gains some profits from past investment, he needs to be careful of future
potential losses. This gap husband is ok in its social reputation except for
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financial profits. If gap husband becomes unemployed during stage 9-11 (mi,
sin, yu) and his activity is limited, he better not to start another business but
to do honorary position just helping his wife.
Ex) female
Time Day Month Year
ㅁ Gi ㅁ ㅁ
ㅁ ㅁ In ㅁ
Husband is in the branch letter, not in the stem.
Stems are spiritual and intangible while branches are reality and facts. In
husband at month branch has reality of his financial and economic ability.
Year of ja – supports in husband (water generates wood) but the power is still
weak. (stages of bathes after birth-2)
Year of chuk – chuk can be a stepping stone for gap wood. It starts to raise
gap.
Years of in, myo, jin – the power of gap is increased during these three years.
Year of sa – In and sa penalty. He may experience certain unexpected
accident and sacrifice.
Year of o – half trine of in-o. In itself is sitting on stage of death (8) so the
power is obviously weakened. Half trine cannot be welcomed at all. If there is
hae in this saju, it may protect gap and also balance the power. Gap may be
able to start new business.
Year of mi – power of gap is shrunken but still may be able to continue his
activity.
Year of sin – live place. He may have shift in his job place or business
travelling. If it was combined with other letters, such as hae, sin will be able
to activate in wood. Otherwise in wood is clashed by sin metal and damaged.
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Chapter 7 Gods and Devils
Gods influence our lives as fortunate stars, while devils as unfortunate stars.
It is generated by ancient saju studies, even before they developed five stars,
clashes, penalties and combinations etc. The theory of Gods and Devils was
even before ancient scholars defined day stem as a day master. At that time,
AD 900‟s, they translated saju with year pillar bases.
Accordingly the theory of Gods and Devils has been deleted for hundreds of
years when saju scholars studied logics of day master and the structure, five
stars and combinations and clashes. This has been reintroduced by modern
saju masters, but not all of them.
Actually there are tons of gods and devils from ancient days, but here I am
going to explain just some of them, which are still showing flash of accuracy
when they are applied in some cases.
1. Devils of white tiger

Gap-jin
Eul-mi
Byeong-sul
Jeong-chuk
Mu-jin
Im-sul
As you can tell by its name, it acts as one of the unfortunate stars. In old days,
many people were killed by the attack of tigers in Asia.
Above 7 stem-branch combinations are called devils of white tiger. They are
effective at all four pillars of year, month, day and time. If there are any of
these letters in saju, we may read „death by accident‟ of the correspond
relatives. If gap is her husband and is sitting on jin (gap-jin), her husband is
killed by car accident, cancer, kidnapping, etc. If gap is her kids, we may also
read unnatural death of her children. If a day pillar is one of above 7 (white
tiger), one‟s personality is quite strong to hurt one‟s spouse. We have to see
the overall saju structure before we determine this misfortune of a person
though.
Ex)
Time Day Month Year
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ㅁ jeong gap ㅁ
ㅁ ㅁ jin ㅁ
This saju has gap-jin white tiger in month pillar. For jeong day master, gap is
a knowledge star, which denotes mother. When he was asked about his
mother, he answered his mother was still alive although she had been sick for
long time. This can be a translation of gap-jin white tiger, but when more
details were investigated about his life, his mother has many sisters and most
of them died in unnatural accidents. One was killed by fire, the other 2 by
cancer, and one by brain disorder.
2. Extraordinarily strong combination (Gue gang)

Day master
Gyeong Jin
Gyeong Sul
Im Jin
Im Sul
Mu Sul
Among 12 branches, jin and sul are most powerful in their inner strength.
With combinations with jin and sul, the day stems, gyeong, im and mu are
considered for this devils. If one has one of above in day pillar, one is
considered extraordinarily strong and his or her spouse is required to be
strong as well in order to cope with each other. Otherwise, one with these
devils in saju may not continue ones marriage life smoothly partly because
one is too strong, and partly because one is too smart.
In general, it was considered devil star from the past, but we also need to see
bright side of this star especially in modern society. People with this star are
decisive and daring. And in order to develop better life, this needs to be
utilized well.
3. Gui mun – Two adjacent branch combination

ja yu
chuk o
in mi
myo sin
jin hae
sa sul
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Saju with gui mun in their branches are hypersensitive and artistic, sometimes
do odd acts and fall in delusion. When gui mun is in day and time branches
and/or day and month branches are stronger in their influence. They may
show delusional jealousy of their spouses, sexually pervert or transgender. It
is not always seen as devils star because in some cases they are very smart
and show interesting achievements in their own fields especially in writing,
painting and music. These days, people with gui mun in their saju appear
confused about their sexuality, brilliant performance or shamanism, etc.
4. God blessed letters

Day master God blessed letters
Gap, Mu, Gyeong Chuk, mi
Eul, Gi Ja, sin
Byeong, Jeong Hae, yu
Sin In, o
Im, Gye Sa, myo
God blessed letters are seen from day master‟s stand point. If gap day master
has chuk or mi in the saju, or Gi day master has sin or ja in the saju, we call
one has god blessed letters. If it is knowledge star, one is raised by a great
mother. If it is an expression star, one has great talents in writing, cooking
and singing, etc. If it is a money star, one may meet beautiful and wise wife.
Like this, god blessed letters make great, rich and noble stars for one‟s life. If
they are placed in year branch, one has fortune from ancestors, these letters
in month branch means parents support, in day branch means wife fortune
and in time branch means successful children.
God blesses letters are required not to be clashed or penaltied.
These are often reviewed when we read marital harmony of bride and groom.
And they may also be utilized when you compare your saju with your social
partners.
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Chapter 8
Ten celestial stems and their relationships -
Upper version
We have reviewed ten celestial stems and their properties in previous

beginners‟ chapter. Now that we learned ten stars and how the five elements
in stems and branches re-act each other, I am going to talk about the
relationship of ten celestial stems to determine success or failure and good
luck or bad luck in one‟s life.
Before I start, I would like to make it clear that the weather and seasons
mentioned below for each stems are based on the birth month – month branch.
1. 甲 gap
Gap wood in spring needs warmth and sunny shine to grow up. So when gap
wood is with byeong丙 and jeong丁 fire, it is beautiful and smart to
understand knowledge and quick in learning. (The relationship of wood and
fire is that of knowledge and expression star). Gap wood in summer does
not need more byeong丙 and jeong丁 fire. So in this case, it needs gyeong庚
metal to trim off to make it a good timber. If it meets more fire energy, it will
burn the wood down. Gap wood in winter also needs byeong丙 and jeong丁
fire. Earth energy is a good ground for gap wood to root in. So it will be
healthy in its money flow. (Earth is a money star for wood). Gap wood in
autumn with too much metal energy will require jeong丁 fire to leverage the
metal power. (fire restrains metal)
2. 乙 eul
Eul wood requires rather gye癸 water energy to nourish it. And if it meets
byeong丙 fire, it will look beautiful and grow well with sunny shine. Usually
eul wood likes water energy but if there is too much water energy, it makes
the flower float. When there is too much earth energy (too much money star)
it requires a help from gap wood (friend stars) to restrain the earth.
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3. 丙 byeong
Byeong fire is sun energy, which is strong and it has innate intense heat. It
never perishes by water energy. It doesn’t require the help of wood to
continue its power. However when it is too weak for the earth power to
absorb the byeong energy or water power to restrain fire energy, it requires
gap and eul wood to balance the power. Byeong fire requires im 壬 water to
make the scenery beautiful rather than the energy of gye 癸 water. Gye 癸
water is like cloud and fog to shade the sun shine. It may be helpful when
byeong fire is too hot and strong.
4. 丁 jeong
Jeong is yin fire like a star in the sky or a lamp in earth. It always greets the
help of friend stars. The best help is gap wood to continue the fire energy.
With the help of gap wood, jeong fire has nothing to worry about even in
autumn and winter time. Gap wood is like firewood to keep jeong fire burning.
When jeong fire has too much gap wood, it requires mu earth to balance the
fire. It also greets gyeong metal to restrain and chop gap woods.
5. 戊 mu
Mu earth is courteous and generous. It always welcomes the help of byeong
fire. Without byeong fire, there is no achievement. It usually greets im gye
water as its money stars. But if water energy is too heavy, it requires byeong
fire’s help to balance. When it has too much metal to absorb earth energy, it
requires byeong jeong fire to restrain metal.
6. 己 gi
Gi earth is a good ground for woods and plants to grow. It is in good relation
with gye water to grow creatures, but im water will make gi earth muddy. So
im water is the worst combination with gi. When gi earth is weak for the
water energy, it uses byeong fire to dry. When it is weak for the metal as it
absorbs gi energy, it requires mu friend star’s help. Mu friend star is helpful
to restrain im water as well.
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7. 庚 gyeong
Gyeong metal is solid and strong. It requires jeong fire’s restrain to make
itself a useful material such as utensil and tool. Im water absorbs byeong
metal energy to make it less strong, which is good. Gyeong and sin metal do
not like too much help of mu gi earth (earth generates metal) as the soil
covers metal and metal can’t show itself to outside.
8. 辛 sin
Sin is afraid of too much earth energy as earth will hide sin’s beauty (sin is
like a gem). It likes water to clean dirt and make the gem beautiful. And
byeong fire also makes it more splendid. Usually sin women with byeong and
im next to day stem are beautiful.
It is afraid of jeong fire as jeong will melt it down (sin is already a gem so it
doesn’t require jeong fire’s restraint while gyeong metal is in need of jeong
fire). Gap wood is never restrained by sin metal so they are not in good
relationship.
9. 壬 im
Im needs to flow. It welcomes the help of gyeong metal and it also like sin
metal as im water makes sin metal beautiful. When there is too much im
energy, it requires mu earth to restrain. It also likes gap eul wood and byeong
fire to make it more beautiful. However it does not like gi earth as it makes
im water turbid. It may mean inappropriate relationship with opposite sex. Im
friend star will make too much water energy.
10.癸 gye
Gye water is like rain or useful water to grow plants. As itself is weak water,
when it meets mu earth, it loses its property. Gye water’s relation with
byeong fire has two face consequences. When they are in good relation, gye
water enjoys plenty of money throughout its life, but when they are in bad
relation, it won’t be easy to collect money. It’s relation with gi earth is also
vague.
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The relationship among Stems
◎ – the best, ○ - good △ - bad × - the worst
Gap (甲)
1. Gap-Gap ◎ Abundant like forest, Active and competitive
2. Gap-Eul ◎ Vines growing around the pine tree, Healthy and
supportive.
3. Gap-Byeong ◎ Competent and authoritative
4. Gap-Jeong ◎ Burning firewood. Academic and artistic talents.
5. Gap-Mu △ Lonely tree in a bare mountain. Frequent financial
loss and low stability.
6. Gap-Gi ○ Healthy trees on fertile earth. Rich.
7. Gap-Gyeong ○ Leadership material to be a high position in
government, Faithful.
8. Gap-Sin × Chop into small pieces. Cannot be positioned high.
9. Gap-Im ○ Willow trees along the lake. Popular
10.Gap-Gye ○ Healthy trees in the rain. Respectful person
Eul (乙)
1. Eul-Gap ◎ Vines growing around the pine tree, Supports by
noble men.
2. Eul-Eul △ Weeds, Lacking luck of siblings, Lacking supports
from others.
3. Eul-Byeong ○ Beautiful flowers splendid under the sun shine. Good
wealth.
4. Eul-Jeong △ Burning plains. The talents cannot be recognized.
5. Eul-Mu ○ Beautiful flowers in the vase. Good at dealing the
business.
6. Eul-Gi ◎ Healthy flower on fertile earth, Good at
artiste(entertainment) business.
7. Eul-Gyeong × Violent tiger, Sudden misfortune
8. Eul-Sin × Sharp knife/Scissors cut the flower. Not good at
working in an ordinary company
9. Eul-Im ○ Lotus on the pond, Sudden upward social status
10.Eul-Gye ○ Sociable and progress by the support of others
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Byeong (丙)
1. Byeong-Gap ◎ Unexpected fortune
2. Byeong-Eul ◎ Supports from others
3. Byeong-Byeong △ Too bright, darker shades, Can‟t show one‟s
ability
4. Byeong-Jeong ◎ Make a favorable impression, Favorable
5. Byeong-Mu ◎ Have an occupation with what he/she likes, Lucky.
6. Byeong-Gi ○ Good at showing one‟s talent, Academic, Religious,
Service business
7. Byeong-Gyeong × Violent, Less popular, Cannot be at high position
8. Byeong-Sin ○ Talents are fully recognized by others. Can secure
oneself.
9. Byeong-Im ○ Faithful and harmonize well with organization
10.Byeong-Gye × Not suit well with career
Jeong(丁)
1. Jeong-Gap ◎ Smart, Quick in understanding, Competitive
2. Jeong-Eul × Cannot burn the wet wood, Difficult to make academic
achievement.
3. Jeong-Byeong ○ Struggle to challenge, Make certain achievement
4. Jeong-Jeong ◎ The fire flared up, Daring
5. Jeong-Mu ○ Good at showing one‟s talents, Big progress and
success
6. Jeong-Gi △ Do not proceed as planned, Unlucky to achieve as
wanted.
7. Jeong-Gyeong ○ Can express one‟s talent well to make great
development and success
8. Jeong-Sin × Trying to melt jewelry, Powerless, Meaningless
9. Jeong-Im ○ Supports from superior and good promotion
10.Jeong-Gye △ Cannot suit well in the organization, Difficult to
promote
Mu (戊)
1. Mu-Gap △ One with no backbone, Hard to success
2. Mu-Eul ○ Supports from superior, Lucky career life
3. Mu-Byeong ○ Slowly succeed to a higher position
4. Mu-Jeong ○ Good at dealing any problems, Capable
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5. Mu-Mu △ Unrealistic dream,, One without substance, Stubborn,
Not popular
6. Mu-Gi △ Stubborn, Hard to get along with others
7. Mu-Gyeong × Meddle in others‟ affair, No benefits
8. Mu-Sin × Meddle in others‟ affair, No benefits
9. Mu-Im ○ Smart, Intellectual success
10.Mu-Gye × Stingy, Hard to make big success
Gi(己)
1. Gi-Gap × Incapable to overcome adversity, Easy to destroy
one‟s health.
2. Gi-Eul × Cannot complete certain tasks, Unlucky.
3. Gi-Byeong ○ Unexpected supports from others in competition.
4. Gi-Jeong ○ Slowly succeed to achieve great accomplishment.
5. Gi-Mu ○ Socialized, Good personal relationships
6. Gi-Gi △ Retard process, Frequent barriers
7. Gi-Gyeong × Meddle in others‟ affair, No benefits
8. Gi-Sin × Meddle in others‟ affair, No benefits
9. Gi-Im × Bad luck in financial flow and opposite sex
10.Gi-Gye ○ Moisture land, May become rich
Gyeong(庚)
1. Gyeong-Gap × Spoil the material, Lacking internal stability
2. Gyeong-Eul × Violent, Sudden disaster
3. Gyeong-Byeong × Not suitable for career life, Hard to show one‟s
talents
4. Gyeong-Jeong ○ Can show one‟s talents well, Big success and
developments
5. Gyeong-Mu × Lacking others‟ support
6. Gyeong-Gi × Lacking others‟ support
7. Gyeong-Gyeong × Accident, hurt body
8. Gyeong-Sin × Violent, Accident
9. Gyeong-Im ○ Intelligent, Quick in learning, Show one‟s talents well
to make great success.
10. Gyeong-Gye × Rusty knife, Meddle in others‟ affair
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Sin(辛)
1. Sin-Gap △ Useless material, Cut into small pieces, Difficult to
achieve fortune
2. Sin-Eul × Violent, Cut flowers with a sharp knife, Easy to lose
wealth.
3. Sin-Byeong ○ Authority, Graceful
4. Sin-Jeong × Damage jewelry by burning, Powerless
5. Sin-Mu △ Lacking others‟ support, No luck
6. Sin-Gi △ Lacking others‟ support, No luck
7. Sin-Gyeong × Violent, Accident
8. Sin-Sin × Violent, Revenge
9. Sin-Im ○ Show one‟s talents well, Smart and Smooth
10.Sin-Gye × Hard to show one‟s talents, Hard to be recognized.
Im(壬)
1. Im-Gap ○ Diligent, Show one‟s talent well, Lucky
2. Im-Eul ○ Highly recognized by others, Make a success
3. Im-Byeong ○ Lucky in financial fortune
4. Im-Jeong ○ Lucky in financial fortune, Popular
5. Im-Mu ○ Succeed in career life, Good leadership
6. Im-Gi × Bad fortune in finance and spouse
7. Im-Gyeong ◎ Great success by others‟ supports, Creative and good
planning ability
8. Im-Sin ○ Smart, Achieve great academic success
9. Im-Im × Big ocean, failure by excessiveness
10.Im-Gye ◎ Competitive, Smooth in dealing everything
Gye(癸)
1. Gye-Gap ○ Good at showing one‟s talents, Smart, Intelligent
2. Gye-Eul △ Cannot express one‟s talent well,
3. Gye-Byeong △ Hard to hold one‟s fortune
4. Gye-Jeong × Lacking money fortune, Not good at dealing contract
and investment.
5. Gye-Mu ○ Successful in career life, Leadership in one‟s
organization.
6. Gye-Gi ○ Successful in career life, Suitable in big organization.
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7. Gye-Gyeong × Lacking parents or seniors‟ luck, Make one‟s own
fortune.
8. Gye-Sin × Lacking parents or seniors‟ luck, Make one‟s own
fortune.
9. Gye-Im × Make a rush, Financial loss caused by haste.
10.Gye-Gye × Retard in progress, Frequent barriers
Multiple Stem Relationship

1. Gap+Gap+Gap – Very active and Capable to handle competition
2. Gap+Gye+Gi+Byeong, Eul+Gye+Gi+Byeong – Good at handling
money, Unexpected lucky, Gye and Byeong shouldn‟t be adjacent.
3. Gap+Eul+Mu – Supports from others, Successful in academic and
social status.
4. Gap-Jeong-Mu – Smart and quick in learning. Academic success
5. Gap+Jeong+Jeong – Handle a job swiftly, Take the initiative.
6. Gyeong+Gap+Jeong – Smart, Quick in learning, Competitive
7. Gyeong+Jeong+Mu – Excellent in showing one‟s talent, Great success
8. Im+Gyeong+Jeong – Intelligent, Show one‟s ability well
9. Im+Gap+Byeong, Im+Eul+Byeong – Excellent in human relationship
10.Im+Mu+Byeong – Behave oneself well in the organization
Good and Bad relationship for each stem

1. Eul wood – Im water has extreme influence. Too much Im water may
cause lustful relationship.
2. Jeong fire – Jeong does not have good relationship with Eul wood.
However Gap wood provides useful materials so Jeong fire can
continue burning.
3. Mu earth – Mu makes very intelligent person with relationship Im water.
However unfavorable Im or Gye water makes stinge person. Combined
with Gyeong or Sin metal make a officious person who keeps meddling
in others‟ affair. Mu with Gap is lacking one‟s own opinion.
4. Gi earth – Gi with Byeong fire has good supports from others. It‟s
complicated to judge the relationship with Gap and Eul wood. However
its relationship with Im water usually causes failure in every aspects.
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5. Gyeong metal – It usually welcomes Jeong fire. It‟s relationship with Im
water needs careful consideration. But when it is with Gye water, it
makes a rusty knife.
Chart - Harmonious relationships with a day stem

Day 甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸
stem gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye
-
甲甲丁戊癸壬
gap gap jeong mu gye im
Expres 丙丙戊壬壬甲甲
sion byeong byeong mu im im gap gap
star 丁乙乙
jeong eul eul
Money 己戊辛庚壬癸甲丙丙
star gi mu sin gyeon im gye gap byeong byeong
己 g 丁
gi
Career 庚壬壬乙甲丁丙戊戊
star gyeong Im Im Eul gap jeong byeong mu mu
乙己
eul gi
Know- 壬癸甲甲丙丙庚
ledge im gye gap gap byeong byeong 辛
star 癸乙丁
gye eul jeong
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Chart – Bad relationships with a day stem
Day stem 甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸
- gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye
Friend 丙庚庚壬癸
star 丁辛辛
Expression 丁己庚庚癸癸辛
star 辛辛
Money 戊庚辛壬乙乙丁
star
Career 辛庚癸癸丙丁己
star 辛
Knowledge 乙戊己
star 己
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Chapter 9 Void
Void means there is no fruitful result even though one endeavors on

something. Money void means one loses wealth that was acquired once.
Knowledge void means one cannot utilize what one has studied.
On a void day, if one visits a restaurant, the restaurant is closed. So it is
better to avoid doing important tasks on a void day. If the marriage palace is
void, one has lonely marriage life.
1. Void in year branch – One cannot continue ancestor‟s business. It lacks

ancestors and parents‟ fortune.
2. Void in month branch – It lacks luck of siblings
3. Void in day branch – It lacks luck of spouse, Mental and physical
weakness
4. Void in time branch – Less luck of children, Lonely in later years
5. If all four branches are void – It is actually a very noble saju.
6. Void in four flourish letters, Ja, O, Myo, Yu – Smart and intelligent
7. Void in four life letters, In, Sin, Sa, Hae – Smart and practice martial
arts
8. Void in four repository letters, Jin, Sul, Chuk, Mi – Religious
9. If the void letters are combined with another branch – No void effect
10.If the void letters are clashed – No clash impact
11.If the favorable element is void – No luck from the favorable element
12.If the unfavorable element is void – No bad luck impact
13.If a married couple has same void letters, they will share happy
marriage together
14.It‟s better to avoid lawsuit or competition during the void years
15.Same void will make a good partnership, but if the partner has my void
letter, and I have partner‟s void letter, it will cause harmful relationship
each other.
16.It‟s better not to move toward the void direction.
17.It‟s better not to make an appointment on the void day.
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18.Void letter is reviewed from day master‟s position.
Time stem Day stem Month stem Year stem
Time branch Day branch Month branch Year branch
Children Marriage/Spouse Siblings Parents, Ancestors
Future Personal life Social life Past
Marriage life Business,
Personal relationship Occupation
*Shaded columns are where the day master can change and gives certain
influence
Void Chart (Day pillar)

甲子乙丑丙寅丁卯戊辰己巳庚午辛未壬申癸酉 Void
gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye Sul Hae
ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin yu
甲戌乙亥丙子丁丑戊寅己卯庚辰辛巳壬午癸未 Void
gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye Sin Yu
sul hae ja chuk in myo jn sa o mi
甲申乙酉丙戌丁亥戊子己丑庚寅辛卯壬辰癸巳 Void
gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye O Mi
sin yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa
甲午乙未丙申丁酉戊戌己亥庚子辛丑壬寅癸卯 Void
gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye Jin Sa
o mi sin yu sul hae ja chuk in myo
甲辰乙巳丙午丁未戊申己酉庚戌辛亥壬子癸丑 Void
gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye In Myo
jin sa o mi sin yu sul hae ja chuk
甲寅乙卯丙辰丁巳戊午己未庚申辛酉壬戌癸亥 Void
gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye Ja Chuk
in myo jin sa o mi sin yu sul hae
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Chapter 10 Saju and Health
Traditional oriental medicine is largely based on the philosophical concept

that the human body is a small universe with yin and yang. It is a set of
complete and sophisticated interconnected systems, and those systems
usually work in balance to maintain the healthy function of the human body.
Different from the Western anatomical concept which divides the physical
body into parts, the Chinese concept is more concerned with function. So
when yin and yang are balanced it is considered a healthy condition. When
the balance of yin and yang is broken, it is considered unhealthy. Owing to
this difference, the oriental medicine has an integrated viewpoint while the
modern Western medicine is analytical. Oriental medicine focuses on the
fundamental but invisible elements, while the Western medicine focuses on
the visual substances. The former starts from the integrated body as a whole
while the latter starts from the cell. Consequently, Oriental medicine is more
like a natural healing while the Western medicine is an artificial curing.
There is no cardinal principle about which way is right.
We are going to review the conceptual similarity between the saju and the
oriental medicine and find a way to link them.
Starting from the philosophical concept of yin and yang and the five elements,
ancient Oriental people developed them to read fate, or the study of the
human body, in the course of learning the universal truth.
Yin and yang theory delivers the concept that all natural beings have two side
aspects, which are opposite but interdependent. They are not absolute but
comparable. They prosper and decline and even transform each other. In this
respect, people interpreted the universe – the heaven, the earth and the
human being. There is yang inside the yin, and there is yin inside the yang.
According to this interpretation, they tried to understand the route fate has
chosen for them and their body’s health : how diseases develop and are cured.
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If we apply yin and yang to human body, they can be described as below
chart.
The realm of nature
Yang Day Summer South Heat Fire Brightness

time, Spring East Warm
Morning
Yin Evening Winter North Cold Water Darkness
Night Autumn West Cool
The realm of human and human body
Yang Men The Outside Back Upper The Six Qi

Youth body entrails
Yin Women The Old Inside Abdomen Lower The five Blood
body viscera
*The six entrails (yang) are gall bladder, small intestine, stomach, large
intestine and urinary bladder.
*The five viscera are liver, heart, spleen, lungs and kidneys.
The balance of yin and yang is considered with respect to qi (breath, life
force or spiritual energy), blood, jeong (kidney essence), other bodily fluids,
emotions and the soul or spirit.
The physiological function of a human body is maintained by the cooperative

relationship with the oppositional or organic activities of yin and yang. The
cause and result of physiological activities are endless metabolism of
substances.
According to qi theory, all the function of human body is subject to the
activity of „qi‟, and the source of qi is breathing and ingestion.
The normal condition of body is the coordinative maintenance of substances
and functions in human body and their cooperative yin and yang relationships.
We are to review further about the human health in association with five
elements and how they are read by saju of one‟s birth year, month, day and
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time.
Ancient people considered five elements that constitute the universe ; wood,
fire, earth, metal and water. Then these five elements were also applied to
human body. Although it is translated to ‘element’ in western term, it should
not be understood as ‘block of matter’. They exist, act or react, and circulate
within yin yang boundary. So it is more like ‘changing states of being’.
Wood is like seeds sprouting from the ground, or the branches of a tree
stretching out to grow. So it implies the energy of rising, expanding and
growing. The sour flavor has wood energy and it goes to liver, gall bladder,
tendon and nerve system.
Fire is like flowers whose energy is exploding and pounding with its peak of
growth. The bitter flavor has fire energy and it goes to heart, small intestine
and blood system.
Earth is the energy of crossing to balance other elements. It‟s the center of
the body. The sweet flavor goes to spleen, stomach, flesh and digestive
system
Metal is like fruits or nuts solidified and ripened by its growth. The spicy
flavor goes to lung, large intestine, skin and respiratory system.
Water is bearing all fruits to prepare for next spring. The salty flavor goes to
kidney, urinary bladder, bone and excretory system.
In order to understand the mechanism, let‟s see how the diseases or

disorders are defined in oriental perspective.
The disorders are the reflection of conflictions between vital energy and
malady. The vital energy is to fight against malady to protect human body. If
the body is full of vital energy and when it is in normal function, the malady
cannot attack human body. On the other hand, the mal energy invades the
human body when the vital energy is not strong enough to resist.
Then, the causes of disorders, mal energy in other words, are divided into
two, the internal and external causes.
Externally, the nature has six environmental energies ; wind, cold, hot, wet,
dry and heat. They are related with seasons and they enter through the nose,
mouth and skin into the body. Wind is usually connected with spring as a
season, cold with winter, hot with summer, wet with rainy season, dry with
autumn and heat is over-heated hot and can be connected with all season.
However these six energies can be connected with any seasons subject to
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situation.
Then, internally, the disorders can also be generated by the emotions and
there are seven emotional expressions to cause diseases ; happy, anger,
worry, thinking, sad, fear and shock.
Below is the chart of five elements with their relevant organs and others.
5 elements Wood Fire Earth Metal Water
Celestial gap, eul byeong, mu gi gyeong, sin im, gye
stem jeong
Yang Tiger-In Horse-O Dragon-Jin, Monkey-Sin Rat-Ja
branch Dog-Sul
Yin branch Rabbit- Snake-Sa Cow-Chuk Chicken-Yu Hae-Pig
Myo Mi-Sheep
Color Green(blue) Red Brown(yellow) White Black
Season Spring Summer Transitional Fall Winter
season
Direction East South Center West North
Flavor Sour Bitter Sweet Spicy Salty
Yin organs Liver Heart Spleen Lungs Kidneys
Yang Gall Small Stomach Large Urinary
organs bladder intestine intestine bladder
System Nervous Circulatory Digestive Respiratory Excretory
Body Nerve Blood Muscle Skin Bone
Face Eyes Tongue Mouth Nose Ears
Emotion Anger Happy Worry Sad Fear
Energy Wind Hot Wet Dry Cold
Numbers 3,8 2,7 5,10 4,9 1,6
Although more can be added, these six environmental energies and seven
emotions are based on the five elements of wood (wind, anger), fire (hot,
happy), earth (wet, worry), metal (dry, sad) and water (cold, fear) from their
properties respectively.
While some definitions about disorders and their external and internal causes
are written here, the specialized prescriptions still need to come from the
oriental medicine doctors‟ expertise as if those of feng shui advices are to
come from feng shui masters.
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Although oriental medicine has well summarized how yinyang and five
elements influence one‟s health, here I would like to relate saju with one‟s
health aspects in brief. Again the body condition requires well balanced five
elements in one‟s saju. The clashed elements (or penaltied elements) will
cause disease according to the relations of each organ and elements (refer to
chapter 6).
Wood energy without water nourishment will cause diseases in blood vascular
system. Earth energy without fire‟s support is wet, then it will have difficulty
in its stomach and the person is lack of energy in overall. If the saju is too
cold (metal and water energy), it will have consumption disease, and if the
saju is too hot, it will have problem in its gall bladder. A tumor is caused by
the clashes between fire and metal branches. When the saju does not have
metal and water energy or those are clashed by others, it will have weak
kidney. When there is a conflict between water and earth energy and wood
energy restrain earth too much, it will have problem in digestive system.
Although there are a lot to describe about the diseases, we may be able to
summarize the key phrases as below.
First of all saju needs to be harmonized between hot and cold, and between
wet and dry. It determines not only the fortune of fate, such as rich or poor,
noble or humble life, but also the health and the basic living condition.
1. Byeong fire and Gye water are the major elements to determine the
climate of one‟s saju.
2. The stems are influencing hot or cold climates and the branches are
influencing dry or wet climates
3. We may also utilize both stems and branches to balance the
atmosphere regardless of their boundaries.
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Each stem has different role even in the same elements. For example, Byeong
fire and Jeong fire play different roles. Byeong fire contributes to climates
more fundamentally.
Coldness Gye water

Stem
Warmth Byeong fire
Dryness In 寅, O 午, Sul 戌, Sa 巳, Mi 未
Branches
Wetness Sin 申, Ja 子, Jin 辰, Hae 亥, Chuk 丑
Wood – Tendon, Mind, Stroke

Fire – Congelation, Circulation problem,
Earth – Skin, itching, boil, tumor
Metal – Hairs, Emotional disorder
Water – Blood, Consumption
1) If saju is too dry without any water element or wet earth, it causes sputum
and fever disease.
2) If saju uses metal as a favorable energy, but the metal is weak without root
and damaged by wood or fire, one has weak lungs. Consumption and
sputum.
3) If saju has strong earth energy, which is not controlled by wood, one has
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stomach problem.
4) If unfavorable element is only positioned in stem without taking root in
branches, it is easy to cure diseases.
5) Wood day master may have sputum problem when there is excessive fire
energy. High possibility of blood circulation problem and kidney disease.
Consumption.
6) Strong wood may hurt earth energy to cause stomach disease, digestion
problem
7) If a person‟s saju has water energy (hae, ja) and fire energy (sa, o)
conflicting each other, we may infer possible heart disease or mental
disorder of this person. While ja-o clash is usually interpreted as mental
disorder, the sa-hae clash is interpreted as heart disease including stroke
and high blood pressure. It is because of the fact that ja and o are the
letters from flourishing place and sa and hae are the letters from life place.
8) People who have saju with in-sin clash (wood and metal), have higher
possibility of car accident, articular neuralgia and usual headaches. Both in
and sin are from live place with „in‟ stands for nervous system and
stretching energy of wood.
9) If one element out of two is extremely hurt by the clash, we usually focus
on the weak element. However, even in case of ja-o clash, if the fire
element is overly dominant, it is ja water not o-fire that is hurt, although
„o‟ fire is restrained by „ja‟ water. For example, „ja‟ water branch is
clashed by „o‟ fire from both side, this person would have more chance of
kidney and urinary bladder disease than that of heart disease.
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Chapter 11 Summary – Mastery of Saju
1. The saju with only one or two elements

The saju in the associations of wood and fire (only two elements) or metal
and water are not good. Saju, basically requires balanced five elements.
Then if it is only wood and fire, it is too dry and hot. And if it is only metal
and water, it is too cold and wet. When it is only with fire and earth, it will
be difficult to have children for various reasons - diseases and poor.
2. Saju and personality

Although it may be hard for the beginners to deduce causes and results of
one‟s fate by saju-8 letters, it is not so complicated to understand the
person‟s character by saju. In general, if the saju has all five elements and
they are well balanced, the person is mild and has nice personality. However,
if one or two elements in one‟s saju overweighed, one can be emotional and
lack of flexibility. This person is easy to anger, especially when its saju has
fire and water confronting each other. Fire is originally courteous but when
it meets metal and water energy, it becomes violent or easy to anger. In
overall, the person who has strong metal and water energy is very flexible.
3. Money star determines the length of life.

When the expression star meets money star, it will absorb day stem‟s
energy a lot. It means luck in its money fortune but it is only when the day
stem is strong. When the money star (when it is in bad relation with day
stem) of coming year combines a day stem or when the stem element of
coming year combines money star in one‟s saju, the person may end its life.
Of course we must see the big picture before we talk about the length of life,
but we need to know the fact that money star controls the life.
4. The knowledge star that is in good relation with a day stem will make great
achievement in scholarship. When there is a good knowledge star especially
in month stem, the person will study hard and achieve good scores in school.
Also this person will have a great support of its mother.
The best relationship is gap wood and byeong jeong fire, and gyeong metal
and im water. This person is very smart to absorb and understand new
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knowledge well.
Day stem 甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸
- gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong sin im gye
knowledge 壬癸甲甲丙丙戊庚
star im sin gap gap byeong byeong mu gyeong
癸乙丁辛
gye eul jeong sin
5. What makes a person noble

It is when a day stem has a career star in harmonious relationship and it acts
a good role for the day master. For example, when a career star restrains a
day master well or when a day master is in need of a knowledge star but the
knowledge star is not healthy enough, a career star nourishes the
knowledge star well. This person will be able to work in a good company
and be promoted to a high position.
Especially the combination of gyeong metal and jeong fire or gap wood and
gyeong metal put the person in a high level position with authority.
Day stem 甲庚
- gap gyeong
Career 庚丁
star gyeong jeong
6. About the luck of spouse and children

When we call one a respectable person, it means one uses knowledge star
as favorable element. It doesn‟t mean that one has knowledge star at the
month branch. However, for this man, who uses knowledge star as favorable
element, if there is money star next to knowledge star, one does have an
unlucky wife.
In regards to career star, it is not favorable to have career star at day
branch for the expression structure, because career and express stars are
conflict each other.
However, if the day master is metal and has water in the month branch to
make expression structure, it is good to have fire energy (career star) in
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day branch. It is because the fire may soothe the cold atmosphere of the
person.
Usually sang-gwan (expression star in different yin/yang) in day branch is
not considered as lucky star, but for the money structure and the career
structure of same yin/yang (pyeong-gwan), sang-gwan is welcomed.
If any favorable element is sitting on the day branch (marriage palace), we
may evaluate that the person will have lucky spouse.
Children are denoted by career star for men, and by expression star for
women. It is same way to determine whether the children stars are lucky or
not as we do with spouse stars. The proper career star usually compatible
with money star and the expediential career star (pyeon-gwan) with
expression star.
When a saju has career stars that are not harmonious with a day stem, but
its expression star restrains the career stars well, this person has powerful
charisma.
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87

Saju Advanced

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Learning

3. Hidden letters 38-42

6. 12 Stages of Life 50-61

7. Gods and Devils 62-64

8. Ten celestial stems and their relationships

10. Saju and health 77-83

11. Summary 84-86

To comprehend saju structure is an important step to foresee one‟s sociality,

There are 8 general classification of saju structure.

3. Structure formed by Money star in different yin-yang (Proper money

7. Structure formed by Knowledge star in different yin-yang (Proper

Then how do we determine the structure? First of all, month branch is a

When you figure the structure, below aspects need to be reviewed.

Below summarized the meanings of the structure,

Four lucky star structures – need either supports or drainage

Four unlucky star structures – need restraints

Features of each structure

3) Expression star is well restrained by Knowledge star, but the

6) The Sang gwan structure is damaged by strong knowledge stars.

2. The Structure formed by Expression star in same yin-yang (Sik sin

2) When a day master has strong career star, and it is restrained by an

4) When an expression star is paired with others

5) When a day master is not strong

2) A Strong day master accompanied by weak money star, which is

3) A Strong day master accompanied by a weak money star. There is no

4. The Structure formed by Money star in same yin-yang (Pyeon jae

5. The Structure formed by Career star in different yin-yang (Jeong gwan

2) A day master is weak and accompanied by strong career stars, and it

3) This knowledge star should be placed where no money star can

2) A career star is restrained by Sang gwan

3) Both Jeong gwan and Pyeon gwan are mixed

5) There is a weak career star and no other supportive energy

6) Too many knowledge stars are draining a career star

2) A strong Pyeon gwan is controlled by expression stars

3) When a knowledge star hurts an expression star that is to control

4) When there are strong money stars or strong knowledge stars.

5) When there are strong expression stars

7. The Structure formed by Knowledge star in different yin-yang (Jeong-in

2) When a day master is strong, it requires expression stars to drain the

3) If a knowledge structure is too strong, it needs to be restrained by

2) When a knowledge structure is clashed or penalized.

8. The Structure formed by Knowledge star in same yin-yang (Pyeon in

2) When a strong day master is accompanied by strong Pyeon-in, it

2) When a strong Pyeon-in supports strong day master

3) When there is no other element to control the strong Pyeon-in.

How we define the class of fate

The fate paths between rich and noble lives

In case saju has great flow of energy,

The major principle to comprehend ‘harmony’ in saju is to find neutralizing

Then, why ‘Harmony’?

The answer is no.

First, Harmony of the 5 elements

Second, Harmony of yin-yang

Let‟s see how we can judge with an actual example.

Then, what element will be damaged mostly in this saju ?

Let‟s go back to money star (water), which is positioned in the inclusions of

The principle of hidden letters

Its principle is based on yin-yang relationship. If a certain energy

Ex 2) time day month year

Ex 1) time day month year

4. Ja-sa inducing energy

5. Lastly, there is hidden energy brought by numbers indicated by sound

One plus Three makes Four,