A Presentation on

Lub. Oil System of 210 MW LMW & KWU

Turbine
By
P. A. Pangul (G.E.T)
SAP ID: 12925
Batch : K-77
1
Purpose of Oil Supply System :
 Provides oil for lubrication of turbine bearings.

 Maintains the constant temperature of the turbine bearing and

dissipating the heat generated to the oil, the surface friction and the
turbulence set up in the oil.

 Provides a medium for governing system, hydraulically operating

the governor gear and controlling the steam admission valves.

 Provides Sealing medium to the hydrogen-cooled generators to

prevent hydrogen leaking out of the shaft.

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3
1. Main Oil Tank
2. Main Oil Pump
3. Starting Oil Pump
4. Standby Oil Pump (LOP)
5. Emergency Oil Pump
6. Oil Gauge
7. Self Regulating Drain Valve
8. Oil Pressure Drop Relay (OPDR)
9. Oil Coolers
4
 20 Kg/cm2

3940 lit/min
MOP
BRGS
GOVERNER
1640 lit/min 1 Kg / Cm2 1 Kg / Cm2

4340 lit/min Self Regulating Drain

3940 lit/min Valve

MOT
Inj-1 Inj-2
28000 Lit 2700 lit / Min PS-1

lit / Min
lit / Min
PS-2

1360

940
…………………………………………..
3 Kg / Cm2
2300 lit / Min
……………….……………………. 20 Kg/cm2 Temp
Gauge
COOLERS
AC DC

From Brgs
SOP

…………………………..
LOP LOP

…………………………….
……………………

……………………
20 Kg/cm2

..

,…………………………………………………………………………
System To Drain Tank
Charging line

G.S. Water

Fig: Lub Oil System

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Main Oil Parameter :
 Oil is supplied to the bearings at a pressure of 1 Kg/cm2.

 The temperature of the oil must be kept within 400C to 700C.

Turbine Oil :
 Lubricating oils is a complex mixture of chemical compounds
mainly hydrocarbons.

 Oil should be free from impurities like water, air, dirt etc.

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Oil System :
The working medium for governing and lubrication system of the
Turbine is the Servoprime-46 of IOC make.

Oil Specification :
1. Specific Gravity at 500 C = 0.852
2. Kinematic Viscosity 500 C = 28 CST
3. Neutralisation number = 0.2
4. Flash Point = 2010 C
5. Pour Point = 6.60 C
6. Ash % By Weight = 0.01%
7. Mechanical Impurities = Nil
8. Viscosity Index = 100
7
Lub Oil Pump :
This is a centrifugal pump driven by an A.C motor. The
technical data are given below :

Technical Data :
Pump :
1. Pressure = 3 Kg/cm2 ( 2 stage )
2. Discharge = 2500 L/min
Motor :
1. Power = 25 KW (53Amp)
2. Speed = 1000 RPM
3. Supply = 415V ; 3 Phase; 50 Hz
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Lub. Oil Pump (Emergency)

This is a Centrifugal oil pump, driven by a D.C motor.

 This pump feeds oil to the Lubrication system when there is

A.C failure at power station.

 This pump also feeds oil to the lubrication system when

pressure of lubricating line falls below 0.5 Kg/cm2

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Technical Data :
Pump :
1. Pressure = 1.8 Kg/cm2
2. Discharge = 1800 L/min

Motor :
1. Power = 13 KW
2. Speed = 1450 RPM
3. Supply = 220 V DC

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Main Oil Tank:
 Capacity of Main oil Tank = 28000 Lit

 Oil remains in circulation = 4000 Lit/Min

 Large size of oil tank holds the oil inside the tank for a
period long enough to ensure the liberation of air from the
oil.

 Different mesh size filters, which are located inside the

tank, filter the oil during normal course of time.

 The filters are easily accessible and removable for a

cleaning even when the turbine is in service.
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 Oil Gauge :
 It is mounted on the oil tank to show the oil level in MOT.

 It is provided with limit switches for indication of high and

low level in the tank.

Self Regulating Drain Valve :

 It is mounted on the pipe line and maintains 1 Kg/cm2
pressure in the lubricating line at the bearings.

 If the pressure falls below 1 Kg/cm2, it does not acts.

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Injectors :
 There are 2 Injectors located in the oil tank.
Injector 1 :
 Oil at 20 Kg/cm2 enter into the nozzle of injector 1, where the
potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

 Therefore very low pressure is created at the nozzle outlet

and the oil from the oil tank is sucked into suction chamber.

 At the diffuser portion of the injector kinetic energy is

converted back into potential energy developing 1 Kg/cm2
pressure at delivery.

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Injector 2 :

 Oil at 20 Kg/cm2 enter into the nozzle of injector 2,

where the potential energy is converted into kinetic
energy.
 Therefore very low pressure is created at the nozzle
outlet and the oil from delivery of injector 1 at 1 Kg/cm2
is sucked into suction chamber.
 At the diffuser portion of the injector, pressure of the oil
rise from 1 Kg/cm2 to 3 Kg/cm2

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Pressure Switch :
 Lub. oil pumps comes in service automatically under
interlock action.

 The impulse for bringing the pump into service is given by

pressure switch.

 The pressure switch is mounted on the oil tank.

 The relay is provided with valve to check the reliability of

its operation even when the turbine is in service.

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Oil Pressure Drop Relay (OPDR):

 Standby oil pump and emergency oil pump comes into

service under interlock action.

 Impulse for bringing the pumps into service is provided by

OPDR.
OPDR comes into service under following conditions :
 It switch ON the standby oil pump when the pressure of
lubricating line drops to 0.6 kg/cm2
 It switch ON the EOP when the pressure of lubricating line
drops to 0.5 kg/cm2
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 It trips the turbine when the pressure of lubricating oil drops
to 0.3 kg/cm2

Oil Coolers :
 Used for cooling the oil required for the lubrication of the
Turbine and Generator bearings.
 The soft raw water is used as a cooling medium.
 The operating pressure of cooling water is lower than the
pressure of oil.
 No. of coolers installed =3
 No. of coolers in operation = 2
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Main Oil Pump :
 This pump is mounted on the front pedestal, it is coupled
with Turbine rotor through coupling.

 When the Turbine is running at normal speed i.e. 3000 RPM

or at the Turbine speed more than 2800 RPM, MOP comes
into service.

 It supplies the desired quantity of oil to the Governing

system at 20 kg/cm2 and to the Lubricating system at 1
kg/cm2 .

The oil to the lubricating system is supplied through two

injectors arranged in series.
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 First injector develops the suction pressure of 1 kg/cm2 for
main oil pump and second injector develops the pressure of
3 kg/cm2 before oil cooler.

Starting Oil Pump (SOP) :

 It is a multistage centrifugal oil pumps driven by AC
electric motor.

 It is provided for meeting the requirement of oil to the

turboset during starting and stopping.

 It also serve as a standby to main oil pump.

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 During the starting or when the turbine is running at a
speed less than 2800 RPM, it supplies the oil to governing
system and lubrication system.

Pump Specification :
 Speed = 970 RPM
 No. of stages = 10
 Discharge = 200 m3 /hr

Motor Specification :
 Capacity = 200 KW, 3 Phase, AC, 50 Hz.
 Voltage = 6.6 KV
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AC Lub. Oil Pump :

 This is a centrifugal pump driven by AC electric motor.

 This pump runs for 10 min in the beginning to remove the

air from the governing system and fill the oil system with
oil.

This pump automatically takeover under the interlock

action whenever the oil pressure in the lubrication system
falls to 0.6 kg/cm2 .

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During Operation Inspect The Following :
 Temperature of antifriction bearings must not exceeds 750 C.

 Oil level in the bearing according to the mark on the oil level
gauge.

 Temperature difference between inlet and outlet of cooling

water must not exceeds 10 to 150 C.

 Temperature and Loading of Electric motor

 Thrust antifriction bearing must be lubricated with acid free

bearing oil
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Checking Of Pump During Operation :

 Temperature of Bearings should not exceed 700 C

 Oil level in the pedestal

Temperature of mechanical seal which should not exceed

700 C

 Motor body temperature.

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Lub. Oil System of 210MW
KWU Turbine

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Purpose of Oil Supply System
 Lubrication and cooling of bearings

 Jacking up the shaft and provide the hydrostatic lubrication

during low speed operation.

 Supply of control oil to the governing and protection system.

 Supply of control oil to the LP bypass governing.

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Oil Specification :
The working medium for governing and lubrication system of the
Turbine is the Servoprime-46 of IOC make.
Properties of oil :
1. Specific Gravity at 500 C = 0.852
2. Kinematic Viscosity 500 C = 28 CST
3. Neutralisation number = 0.2
4. Flash Point = 2000 C
5. Pour Point = 6.60 C
6. Ash % By Weight = 0.01%
7. Mechanical Impurities = Nil
8. Total acidity after 1000 hrs. operation = 2 mg of KOH per
gm. of oil
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Components of Lub Oil System :
1. Main Oil Tank

2. Main Oil Pump

3. Auxiliary Oil Pump ( 2 No.s)

4. D.C. Emergency Oil Pump

5. Oil Gauge

6. Drain Valve

7. Pressure Switch

8. Oil Coolers
27
 Throttle

Fig: Lub. Oil System of KWU Turbine 28

 Main Oil Tank :
 The capacity of the main oil tank is 32 cubic meter.

 In addition to serve as a storage tank, it helps in deaerating the oil.

 The capacity of the tank is so chosen that the full quantity of oil
circulating through the system is retained for a controlled time
ensuring thereby the proper sedimentation and air removal.

 The tank is made as air tight as possible by oil vapour extractor is

mounted on the tank, which produces slight vacuum in the tank.
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Main Oil Pump:

 The pump is located in the front bearing pedestal and directly

driven by H.P. turbine shaft through the gear coupling.

 The M.O.P. is sized for supplying the whole requirement of

governing system, lubrication system and seal oil system during
operation of the turboset at rated speed.

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Main Oil Pump Specification:

 Power = 115 KW

 Capacity = 500 m3/hr

 Discharge Pressure = 8.2 Kg/cm2

 Speed = 3000 RPM

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Auxiliary Oil Pump:
 AC A.O.P. supplies the oil requirments to the turbine during
start-ups and shut down.

 The pump can either be switched on manually or automatically

through pressure switches, which operate when the oil pressure
drops to approximately 60 % of the normal value.

 AOP is stopped when the TG set has come to 2850 rpm and
MOP has taken up.

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 Pr. Switch in the pressure oil line gives the command for

switching off the AOP.

 During Shut down, another pr. Switch automatically switch on

the AOP
Pump Specification:
 No.s =2
 Power = 75 KW
 Capacity = 267 m3/hr
 Discharge Pressure = 6.2 Kg/cm2
 Speed = 2970 RPM
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D.C. Emergency Oil Pump:

 This pump is a standby pump, which can be started manually or

automatically through a pressure switch when the lub oil pressure
drops to 50 % of the normal value.

 This happens only when MOP and AOP fail to operate or there is
a failure of AC electrical supply to AOPs.

 DC lube oil pump is fed from the station batteries

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D.C. Emergency Oil Pump Specification:

 Power = 7.5 KW

 Capacity = 169 m3/hr

 Discharge Pressure = 2.3 Kg/cm2

 Voltage = 220 V

 Ampere = 0.85 Amps

35
Pressure Switch:
 When the pressure in the pressure oil line falls below a set point,
the auxiliary oil pumps are automatically started by pressure
switches.

 The setting of the pressure switches is arranged in a stages so that

on fall in oil pressure, first AOP started and the second AOP is
started only when first AOP fails to establish necessary oil
pressure in the pressure oil line.

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Jacking Oil Pump:
 When the set is stationary, the shaft comes into metallic contact
with the bottom contact babbit lining.

 The normal bearing oil supply at low speed is unable to

penetrate to these surfaces and considerable force is required to
rotate the shaft from the rest.

 This is overcome by using JOP. The JOP is a high pressure and

low discharge pump.

37
Jacking Oil Pump Specification:

 No.s = 2 ( 1 AC + 1 DC )

 Power = 3 KW

 Capacity = 4.54 m3/hr

 Discharge Pressure = 120 Kg/cm2

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Oil Cooler:
 The oil of the lubrication and the governing system is cooled in
the oil coolers. The cooling medium for these coolers is
circulating water.

 The pressure of the cooling water is kept lower than of oil to avoid
its mixing with oil in the event of tube rupture.

 Temperature of cooling water is not more than 36 deg. C

39
General Data:

Oil Coolers (Water Cooled) = 2 No.s

Oil Injector for MOP Suction = 2 No.s

Lub Oil Temperature Control Valve = 1 No.

Oil Vapour Extraction Fan = 2 No.s

Main Oil Tank Volume = 32 Cubic Meter

Lub Oil Header Pressure = 4.5 Kg/cm2

Lube Oil Inlet Temperature = 45 Deg.C

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Thanks……

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