GENERAL BIOLOGY

ONLINE ACTIVITY: GENETICS

NAME: DATE SUBMITTED:

GRADE AND SECTION: TEACHER: Mr. Samuel C. Brillo

The table below is a list of traits and disorders known to humans. For this activity, identify if it is autosomal or sex-linked; dominant or
recessive. Also, make a short description or characteristics for each one.

These traits could be passed to the offspring by two modes of inheritance: autosomal inheritance and sex-linked inheritance.

Autosomal traits or disorders are any characteristics not dependent on sex or are not affected by sex chromosomes. It involves
chromosomes from 1st to 22nd pair.

Sex-linked traits or disorders are any characteristics dependent on sex and are affected by sex chromosomes, X and Y. It involves
chromosome from 23rd pair. Sex-linked traits or disorders could be X-linked or Y-linked.

List of Traits and Autosomal or Sex- Dominant or

Description/Characteristics
Disorders linked? Recessive?
1. Achondroplasia
2. Brachydactyly
3. Congenital stationary
night blindness
4. Ehler-Danros
syndrome
5. Fragile X syndrome
6. Hypotrichosis
7. Huntington disease
8. Hypercholesterolemia
9. Marfan syndrome
10. Neurofibromatosis
11. Rickets (vitamin D
resistance)
12. Widow’s peak
13. Albinism
14. Alkaptonuria
15. Ataxia telangiectasia
16. Color blindness
(protan)
17. Color blindness
(deutan)
18. Cystic fibrosis
19. Duchenne muscular
dystrophy
20. Galactosemia
21. Hemophilia
22. Lesch-Nyhan
syndrome
23. Phenylketonuria
24. Sickle-cell anemia
NOTE:

***If the trait/disorder is sex-linked, describe as well if it is classified as X-linked or Y-linked.

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PROBLEM SOLVING. Answer the following problems below. For each problem, provide the PUNNETT SQUARE,
PROBABILITIES and FINAL ANSWER ENCLOSED IN A BOX. Tip: Before solving the problems, identify first if the disorder
mentioned is an autosomal or sex-linked. If it is sex-linked, identify if the disorder is X-linked dominant, X-linked recessive, or
Y-linked.

1. A man whose father was a hemophiliac, but whose own blood clotting time is normal, marries a normal woman with no record
of hemophilia in her ancestry. What is the chance of hemophilia in their children?

2. Suppose a gentleman comes to you for advice in your capacity as a marriage counselor. He tells you that her sister has
Fragile X syndrome. He wishes to marry a lady who has no history of Fragile X syndrome in her family and wants you to tell the
probability of his children having this disease. What would you tell him regarding the probability?

3. A man sues his wife on the grounds of infidelity. Both man and wife are normal and healthy persons, but their daughter has
symptoms of mental retardation, autistic behavior, and gout. This is known to be a sex-linked disorder called Hypoxanthine-
Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) deficiency or Lesch-Nyan syndrome. If you were the man's lawyer, could you use
this fact as evidence? If so, how?

4. If a husband and wife are both heterozygous for brachydactyly, what are the chances that their offspring will have deformed
fingers?

5. In man, defective color vision is a result of a defective recessive allele in X chromosome. A man (1) and a woman (2), both of
normal vision, have the following three children, all of whom are married to people with normal vision: a colorblind son (3) who
has a daughter of normal vision (6); a daughter of normal vision (4) who has one colorblind son (7) and two normal sons (8);
and a daughter of normal vision (5) who has six normal sons (9). Give the genotypes of all the individuals in the family (1 to 9).

6. Gerger, a 28-year old man who has ataxia telangiectasia is courting his virgin neighbor named Gerbera. Gerbera is thinking,
will all their kids have the condition like Gerger? As a friend of Gerbera, how will you answer her dilemma knowing that Gerger’s
condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern?

7. Abdul Jabbar has a Y-linked disease called hypertrichosis. Is it possible that he can pass the trait to F2 generation
grandsons?

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INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE, CODOMINANCE AND MULTIPLE ALLELES

1. In the radish plant three shapes are observed in the root - round, long and oval. The oval root shape is considered intermediate
trait between round and long. Different crosses of radishes gave the following results:

a. long x oval produces 52 long and 48 oval

b. long x round produces 98 oval

c. oval x round produces 51 oval and 50 round

d. oval x oval produces 24 long, 53 oval, and 27 round

Explain the inheritance of root shape in radishes. Using symbols, demonstrate that your hypothesis is true for all crosses.

2. In a hypothetical plant X, the allele for blue fruit color is incompletely dominant over the allele for yellow fruit color. A
heterozygous plant has green fruit showing intermediate inheritance.

a. Show the genotypes of the parents and F1 generation of a cross between a hypothetical plant X blue fruit and yellow
fruit.

b. What would be the anticipated offspring in F2 generation?

c. Is it possible to have a blue fruit out of two green fruit? Why?

3. Research about ABO blood group in humans. What are the possible combinations of genotypes for blood types A, B, AB,
and O? Lay it out using a table.

4. A man named Burrito with type AB blood and a woman named Burrita with Type O blood are expecting a female child. They
want to call their child Burritissima. What are the possible blood types of Burritissima? Does the sex of child affect the blood
type? Why or why not?

5. A test was done to determine the biological father of a child. The child's whose name is Totoy Mola has blood Type is A and
the mother is B. The mother of Totoy Mola, Aubrey, has two options:

Possible Father #1 named Mang Kanor has a blood type O

Possible Father #2 named Mang Inasal has blood type AB

Who is the biological father?

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