Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
BOARD REVIEW
December 28, 2013
E 1. System of fluid filled A. Golgi apparatus
cisterns
D 2. contains the enzymes for B. Lysosome
pyruvate oxidation
A 3. Stacks of flattened sacks C. Nucleolus
phosphodiester bond
FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENTS:
Pentose sugar
DNA – deoxyribose
RNA – ribose
Difference: Carbon 2 only difference is
the presence of a hydroxyl group
Phosphoric acid
Responsible for acidic character of
nucleic acid
Nitrogenous base
PURINES – Guanine & Adenine
PYRIMIDINES – Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine
DNA FORMS
Z-DNA
unique left – handed helical structure
B
25. A short piece of nucleic acid (DNA or E. Sense strand
RNA), base paired with a DNA template
strand and provides a free 3'-OH end from
which DNA polymerase can extend a DNA
strand.
D
26. metabolic disorder affecting A. phenylketonuria
branched-chain amino acids
C 27. Deficiency of exonuclease B. alkaptonuria
A
28. Absence of phenylalanine C. Xeroderma
hydroxylase pigmentosa
• Aspartate –
• Glutamate –
Basic Amino Acids
Positively charged at physiological pH
Histidine – imidazole ring protonated/ionized, only
amino acid that functions as buffer in physiol range.
Lysine - diamino acid
Arginine - guianidinium ion, most basic amino acid
isoelectric point (pI)
isthe pH at which a particular
molecule or surface carries no net
electrical charge
subclassification
proteoses (highest molecular weight group)
peptones (lower molecular weight than proteoses)
peptides (small hydrolytic fragments 2-20 amino acids)
B 56. Thiamine A. Peripheral
neuropathy
optical isomer
ENANTIOMER – D and L forms
DIASTEREOISOMER - Epimers
geometric isomers
Cis and Trans
conformational isomers
Boat and Chair
epimers
differsonly in the configuration of their hydroxyl
group at middle carbons
Ex: Glucose epimers
Mannose : C2
Galactose : C4
EPIMERS
ANOMERS
ENANTIOMERS
D 67. Glycosaminoglycan A. hyaluronic acid
C
91.
Bismuth subnitrate, KOH, A. Fehling’s
Rochelle’s salt reagent
92.
Cupric acetate with acetic B. Benedict’s
D
acid reagent
E 93.
Ammoniacal silver nitrate C. Nylander’s
reagent
94.
B CuSO4, Na2CO3, Na citrate D. Barfoed’s
reagent
A
95.
CuSO4, NaOH, Rochelle’s salt E. Tollen’s reagent
Molisch test
AKA: alpha naphtol reaction
a nonspecific test for
carbohydrates.
Reagents:
Conc. HCl and resorcinol
Test
for ketoses
AKA: aminiguanidine reaction
J
101. Xanthoproteic test F. Silver mirror
H 102. Moore’s test G. Red color
E 103. Biuret test H. Brown color
G 104. Sakaguchi test I. Green
I
105. Liebermann-Burchard J. Yellow
test
106. A. Aminoguanidine reaction
G Purple ring at the
junction
B 107.
Brick red ppt B. Fehling’s test
F 108.
Deep blue C. Anthrone test
109.
A Bright reddish D. Millon’s test
purple
C 110. Blue-green color E. Moore’s test
D 111.
Flesh to red F. Iodine test
J 112. Black ppt G. Molisch test
E 113. Brown color H. Hopkin’s cole test
H 114. Purple I. Osazone test
I 115. Yellow ppt
116.
Prosthetic groups in lipids H Osmic test
L Iodine test
117.
Glycogen
118.
Reducing sugars
119.
N Nylander’s test
Galactose
120.
A Mucic acid test
Arginine
Q Sakaguchi test
121.
Cerebrosides
122.
D Lassaigne’s test
Differentiates aldoses from
ketoses
C Seliwanoff’s test
123.
Differentiates mono from
J Barfoed’s test
disaccharides
124.
Cholesterol T Salkowski test & LB test
125.
Choline F Rosenheim’s test
126. Peptide linkages F Biuret test
R Basic lead test
127. Sulfur containing amino acid
128. Tryptophan
P Ehrlich & HC test
129. Free amino group E Ninhydrin test
130. Cysteine
P Basic lead test
131. General test for
carbohydrates
I Molisch test
Xanthoproteic
K
132. Detects the presence of
benzene ring test
133. Test for steroidal nucleus G Liebermann – Burchard
134. Cystine
P Basic lead test
135. Tyrosine K Xanthoproteic test
136.
Calciferol C Vitamin D
F Vitamin B1
137.
Thiamine
138.
Anti-scorbutic vitamin
B Vitamin C
139.
Pyridoxine J Vitamin B6
140.
Cobalamin L Vitamin B12
141.
Anti-sterility vitamin D Vitamin E
142.
Chick anti-dermatitis
factor I Vitamin B5
143.
Ascorbic acid B Vitamin C
144.
Laetrile M Vitamin B17
145.
Retinol A Vitamin A
146.
Panthotenic acid I Vitamin B5
147.
Biotin N Vitamin H
O Vitamin P
148.
Permeability factor
149.
Anti-hemorrhagic factor E Vitamin K
150.
Alpha tocopherol D Vitamin E
151.
Rutin and Hesperidin O Vitamin P
G Vitamin B2
152.
Riboflavin
K Vitamin B9
153.
Folic acid
H
154.
Niacin
Vitamin B3
155.
Phytonadione E Vitamin K
VITAMIN K
K1- Phytonadione
K2 – Menaquinone
K3 – Menadione - most active synthetic
form
K4 – Menadiol
ANTI-HEMORRHAGIC FACTOR
Alpha 1 Chemical name of lactic acid
hydroxypropionic
acid
Glycogenesis
Synthesis of glycogen from
glucose in the liver and muscles
Process of adding glucose to
blood
Gluconeogenesis
Synthesisof blood glucose in the liver from
non-carbohydrate sources (amino
acids,lactic acids)
Takes place in the liver and kidneys
Glycogenolysis
Conversion of liver glycogen to glucose
41 Specific test for galactose, due to
Mucic acid
the formation of highly insoluble
test
crystals
RBC 42 Cellular elements of the blood
devoid of nucleus
Rosenheim’s 43 Test used to detect the presence of
test choline
Cytoplasm 44 Site of anaerobic glycolysis
pH of the solution 77
Difference between Benedict’s and
Barfoed’s test reagent
78 Principal site for the synthesis of
liver
urea