ANNUAL MEETING MASTER OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING

Hydrocarbon reservoir modeling:

comparison between theoretical and real
petrophysical properties from the
Namorado Field (Brazil) case study.

Marcos Deguti Hashimoto (74817)

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 Contextualizing

Aug’14

Feb’14

Jan’14

Sep’13

CMRP - Modeling of Petroleum Reservoirs Center CMRP - Modeling of Petroleum Reservoirs Center

Scientific Internship (5 months) Master Dissertation (6 months)

Synthetic hydrocarbon reservoir modelization: a Validate the ‘internship’ synthetic reservoir results

case-study of Namorado Field, located in Bacia de employing real data provided by ANP (Brazilian Oil

Campos, Brazil. and Gas Agency).

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 Why study synthetic reservoirs?

Survey and Information Acquisiton are high- Solutions have come-out to try to avoid and
cost operations due to: minimize operation’s cost:

• Displacement of equipment; • Synthetic reservoirs have become a option

• Hostile environments; to study and model hydrocarbons reservoir

• Limited footprint; employing none or minimum amount of

information.
• Among others.

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 CMRP Internship Project

Internship Goals Internship Stages

• Designing and modeling a synthetic reservoir • Structural and facies model construction;

selecting a real analogue reservoir according to • Porosity simulation through DSS algorithm;

the following characteristics: • Permeability/porosity co-simulation through Co-

− Sand channels contents; DSS algorithm;

− Anticline geometry; • Density, compressional and shear velocity (Vp

• Real analogue reservoir chosen is Namorado and Vs) calculation;

Field located in Bacia de Campos, Brazil. • Seismic attributes calculation;

• Synthetic seismic generation.

Softwares employed:

• Petrel by Schlumberger and MATLAB.

* DSS - Direct Sequential Simulation

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 CMRP Internship Project

Structural and Facies Model Porosity Model

• Anticline Geometry • Hard data extracted from FONSECA (2005)

− Siliciclastic channels (sand) [yellow] dissertation.

− Shale formation [grey] • Porosity simulated though the DSS (Direct

• 9.105.300 cells (151 x 201 x 300) Sequential Simulation)

• 3775m x 5025m x 300m (25m x 25m x 1m)

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 CMRP Internship Project

Permeability Model Density Model

• Calculation with Kozeni-Carman • Density model calculated with the following

(permeability-porosity) relationship: formula:

1 Φ3 𝜌 = Φ ∙ 𝜌𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 + (1 − Φ) ∙ 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥
𝐾= 𝑑2
72 1 − Φ 𝜏
2
• Gassmann Fluid Substitution algorithm
• Permeability simulated though the Co-DSS
applied to oil-saturated zones;
(Direct Sequential co-Simulation with Joint

Probability Distributions).

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 CMRP Internship Project

Compressional Velocity Model Shear Velocity Model

• Sand Vp calculated with Dvorkin and Nur (1996), • Sand Vs calculated with the following physical

Constant Cement Model: formula:

𝐺
− Firstly 100% brine saturation, then Gassmann 𝑉𝑠2 =
𝜌
Fluid Substitution algorithm applied to oil-
• Shale Vp calculated with Castagna (1985)
saturated zones;
empirical Vp/Vs relationship (mudrock line):
• Shale Vp calculated with Oliveira (2004)
𝑉𝑠 = 0,862 𝑉𝑝 − 1,172 (𝐾𝑚/𝑠)
empirical relationship:
𝑉𝑝 = −0,0582 ∙ 𝜑 − 0,0145 ∙ 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑔 + 4,7634 (𝐾𝑚/𝑠)

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 CMRP Internship Project

Seismic Attributes 1/3

The calculated seismic calculated attributes are

the following:

• Acoustic Impedance

• S-wave Impedance
𝐼𝐴 = 𝜌 ∙ 𝑉𝑝
• Elastic Impedance (10°, 20°, 30° and 40°)

𝑉𝑠 2 𝑉𝑠 2
𝑆𝐼 = 𝜌 ∙ 𝑉𝑠 1+tan2 𝜃 −8∙ ∙sen2 𝜃 1−4∙ ∙sen2 𝜃
𝑉𝑝 𝑉𝑝
𝐼𝐸 = 𝑉𝑝 ∙ 𝑉𝑠 ∙𝜌

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 CMRP Internship Project

Seismic Attributes 2/3

The calculated seismic calculated attributes are

the following:

• Lame Coefficients

− µ and λ

• Poisson Coefficient
𝜇 = 𝜌 ∙ 𝑉𝑠 2

2
𝑉𝑝 2 − 2 ∙ 𝑉𝑠 2
𝜆 = 𝜌 ∙ 𝑉𝑝 − 2 ∙ 𝜇 𝜈=
2 ∙ (𝑉𝑝 2 − 𝑉𝑠 2 )

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 CMRP Internship Project

Seismic Attributes 3/3 Synthetic Seismic

The calculated seismic calculated attributes are: The synthetic seismic is generated by the convolution

• AVO Intercept vs Gradient between the reflection coefficient and wavelet (0°-40°).
1 ∆𝑉𝑝 ∆𝜌
𝐴= + The seismic wiggle was stacked in four ways:
2 𝑉𝑝 𝜌
2
1 ∆𝑉𝑝 ∆𝑉𝑠 ∆𝑉𝑠 ∆𝜌 • Full Stack................................................... 0° to 40°
𝐵= −2 ∙ 2∙ +
2 𝑉𝑝 ∆𝑉𝑝 𝑉𝑠 𝜌
• Parcial Stack (Near) ..................................0° to 20°

• Parcial Stack (Middle) ..............................10° to 30°

• Parcial Stack (Far) ...................................20° to 40°

Full

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 CMRP Internship/ Master Dissertation

Moving forward

The ‘intership’ synthetic reservoir was concepted in

a theoretical approach by using several related
papers, thesis, books and handbooks.

However, is this synthetic reservoir usable?

Is it reliable?

So, it is time to validade all previous work.

Briefly, this Master Dissertation will evaluate the

‘internship’ reservoir results comparing it to the
reality.

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 Master Dissertation Project

Objectives Data Set

The main Master Dissertation objetives is to: The dataset contains:
• Validate the ‘internship’ reservoir results, • Loggins data from six wells in Namorado Field
comparing it step-by-step to a new real-
– NPHI, GR and RHOB;
approched synthetic reservoir.
• Each well (geologic) reports.
– Modelization of a new synthetic reservoir
with real approach;

– Comparison of all its stages;

• The real data will be be required and provided

by ANP.
* The National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and
Biofuels (ANP) is the regulatory body for activities that
integrate the oil, natural gas and biofuels industry in Brazil.

ANP is also a reference center for data and information on

the oil & gas industry.

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 Master Dissertation Project

Dissertation Roadmap
Preparing ANP Input Data Modeling Finishing

Dataset ANP sent First data Reservoir Reservoir Thesys

Request the dataset processing Modeling comparisons writing
Status Completed Completed Completed In progress Standing-by Standing-by
Software None None MS Excel Petrel, MATLAB Petrel MS Word

and MS Excel

Technical Workflow

Structural Facies Porosity Permeability Density and Seismic

Model Model Model Model Velocity Attributes
Status Completed Completed Completed Completed In Progress Standing-by
Software Petrel Petrel DSS MS Excel/ Petrel MS Word

Co-DSS

Theoretical Mathematical
‘Intership’ Model ANP Data Relationship ANP Data Formula

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 Partial Results 1/2

Structural Model Facies Model ...

• Grid: 9.105.300 cells (151 x 201 x 300) • Anticline Geometry

– (3775m x 5025m x 300m (25m x 25m x 1m)
− Siliciclastic channels (sand) [yellow]
Bulk Volume X
− Shale formation [grey]
profile:

Bulk Volume Y

profile:

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 Partial Results 2/2

... Porosity Model Permeability Model ...

Sand: Shale: Sand: Shale:

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 Main Bibliography
• Avseth, P., Mukerji, T., and Mavko, G., 2005, Quantitative Seismic Interpretation: Applying Rock Physics
Tools to Reduce Interpretation Risk, Cambridge University Press, UK;
• Barboza, E. G., Análise Estratigráfica do Campo de Namorado (Bacia de Campos) com Base na
Interpretação Sísmica Tridimensional. Tese de D.Sc., UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 2005;
• Castro, S., Caers, J., and Mukerji, T., 2005, “The Stanford VI reservoir”: 18th Annual Report, Stanford
Center for Reservoir Forecasting, Stanford University, Stanford, CA;
• Fonseca, P.P., 2011, Métodos Geoestatísticos de Co-Estimativas: Aplicações aos Dados do Campo Escola
de Namorado. São Paulo, Brasil;
• Horta, A. e Soares, A. (2010), Direct Sequential Co-simulation with Joint Probability Distributions;
• Mavko, G., Mukerji, T., and Dvorkin, J., 1998, The Rock physics handbook: Tools for seismic analysis in
porous media: Cambridge Univ. Press;
• Oliveira, J.K., 2005, Efeitos da porosidade efetiva e da argilosidade nas velocidades de ondas p no Arenito
Namorado. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil;
• Silva, E.P.A., Portugal, R.S., Vidal, A.C., Modelagem AVO - Estudo de caso em um poço no campo de
Namorado. 2010. Revista Brasileira de Geofísica.

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 Contact

Thank you for your attention!

Marcos Deguti Hashimoto

+ 55 11 97394-0949
marcos.hashimoto@ist.utl.pt
marcosdhashimoto@gmail.com

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