SARVASTIVADA BUDDHIST

SCHOLASTICISM
BY

CHARLES WILLEMEN • BART DESSEIN

COLLETT COX

• s

BRILL 0
LEIDEN • NEW YORK • KOLN
1998
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface xi
Introductory Remark xv

Chapter One: About the Dharma 1

1. Compilation of the Canon 1
2. Abhidharma Literature 10
3. Sarvastivada Abhidharma 16
1. The. Name 'Sarvastivada' 16
2. Classification of Sarvastivada Abhidharma Texts 18
3. Sarvastivada Philosophical Basics 19

Chapter Two: History and Sarvastivada 36

1. The Mauryan Empire 36
1. General History 36
2. The Synods of Vaisall and Pataliputra 39
2.1 Reason for the Schism 41
2.2 Vaisall and the Ten Lax Practices 42
2.3 Pataliputra and the Five Theses of
Mahadeva 44
2.4 The Opinion of the Sariputrapariprccha-
sutra 48
2.5 Geographical Grounds for the Schism 48
3. The Second Synod of Pataliputra 53
4. Sarvastivada Tripitaka 60
4.1 The Language of the Sarvastivada Canon 60
4.2 Sarvastivada Sutrapitaka 60
4.3 Sarvastivada Abhidharmapitaka 63
4.4 Sarvastivada Vinayapitaka 80
4.5 Mulasarvastivada Vinayapitaka 85
4.6 Sarvastivada Ksudrakapitaka 89

2. Bactria and Gandhara 93

1. General History 93
1.1 The Greek Kingdom of Bactria 93
1.2 The Western and Eastern Greek Kingdoms 94
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1.3 Saka-Pahlava Reign 95

2. Doctrinal Development 102
3. Darstantika, Sautrantika and (Mula-)Sarvastivada .... 106

3. Kasmira 110
1. General History 110
2. The Synod of Kasmira 116
3. Vaibhasika Orthodoxy 121
4. Conclusion 123

4. China 126
1. The Road to China 126
2. Abhidharma Studies in China 131

Chapter Three: Kasmira: Vaibhasika Orthodoxy 138

1. Introduction 138
2. General Contextual Issues 139
2.1 Complexities in the Development of Abhi-
dharma 139
2.2 Correlation between the Development of
Abhidharma and the Emergence of Sects 143
2.2.1 Sarvastivada Abhidharma Literature and
the Emergence of the Sarvastivada Sect. 145
2.2.2 Sarvastivada Abhidharma Literature and
Branches in the Sarvastivada Sect 147
3. Sarvastivada Abhidharma Literature 160
3.1. The Set of Seven Early Sarvastivada
Abhidharma Texts 160
3.2. Relations to other Abhidharma Collections 162
3.3. Dating and Periodization 166
Texts 177
1. Abhidharmasangitiparyayapadasdstra 177
2. Abhidharmadharmaskandhapadasdstra 181
3. Abhidharmaprajnaptipadasastra 189
4. Abhidharmavijnanakayapadasastra 197
5. Abhidharmadatukdyapadasastra 206
6. Abhidharmaprakaranapadasastra 212
7. Abhidharmajndnaprasthdnasdstra 221
8. The Vibhdsa Compendia ?. 229
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9. *Abhidharmanydydnusdrasdstra and *Abhidharmasama-

yapradipikdsdstra 240
10. Abhidharmadipa and Vibhasdprabhdvrtti 249

Chapter Four: Bactria and Gandhara 255

1. Hrdaya Treatises 255
2. Abhidharmakosa 269
3. Abhidharmamrtarasa 278
4. Abhidharmdvatdra 282

Abbreviations S 286

Bibliography 287

General Index 313

Index of Technical Terms 332