CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the researcher discusses some important points related to the

area of the research. They are background of the problems, research questions,

objectives of the research, significance of the research, research scope and limitation

and definition of the key terms.

1.1 Background of the Problems

My Sister’s Keeper movie is a movie directed by Nick Cassavetes in 2009

based on Jodi Picoult’s novel of the same name. This movie is starring Cameron

Diaz as Sara Fitzgerald, Abigail Breslin as Andromeda ‘Anna’ Fitzgerald, Sofia

Vassilieva as Kate Fitzgerald, Jason Patric as Brian Fitzgerald, Evan Ellingson as

Jesse Fitzgerald, Heather Wahlquist as Aunt Kelly, and Alec Baldwin as

Campbell Alexander. My Sister’s Keeper Movie has running time 109 minutes or

1 hour 49 minutes.

My Sister’s Keeper movie tells about how to process each member of the

family struggles to beat the personal ego because the family unit is a top priority.

Starts from a daughter namely Anna Fitzgerald (Abigail Breslin) who feel that her

birth not a coincidence, but was planned by her parent. Born for a particular

reason, her parent did it to save her sister's life. She was born by way of genetic

engineering so that all of his organs fit with her sister, Kate Fitzgerald (Sofia

Vassilieva). So that she could be a donor for her sister who suffered from

Leukaemia since the age of 2 years.

 The two girls love each other dearly, so Anna never complains. Then 11

years into this routine, Kate kidney are failing and she will need one of Anna’s.

Anna finally says no. More than enough of being a donor according to her parents'

needs, Anna decides that she will not continue to assist them in any circumstance.

Then she hires a lawyer and decides to inform against her parents for medical

emancipation.

The psychological study in this movie of motivation attempts to

understand why people do what they do, for example, people understanding of

psychological motivations, such as the need to get a freedom and need to survive

in the world. When Kate kidneys are failing and she will need one of Anna’s.

Anna finally says no, its shows that freedom is very important, difficult to get and

must be survived.

There are some reasons why this film is called interesting to be watched,

the first reason this movie has a good emotional drama. Everything related to the

story is straight out of the drama movie. The second reason is story of the film

when Anna has to survive to get a freedom from her parent for organs in her body;

this shows that freedom is very important in life.

The third reason is easy to be understood, the message is simply to convey

to others. The watcher of this film will enjoy and relax in understanding the

message delivering by the director. Finally, the main goal is motivation of

someone to survive and get the freedom that carries out into the research. In my

sister's keeper movie shows the motivation to survive and get the freedom was

portrayed by Anna's character. Because of that, the researcher uses The

Motivation of “Anna’s Character” To survive and Get the Freedom in My Sister’s

 Keeper Movie (2009): Humanistic Psychological Approach as the title in this

research.

1.2 Research Questions

Based on the explanation of the background of the problems above, the

research questions of this research are:

1. What are the motivations of “Anna’s character” to survive and get the freedom

in My Sister’s Keeper movie (2009): humanistic psychological approach?

2. What are factor influencing Anna’s character in My Sister’s Keeper Movie

viewed from humanistic psychological perspective?

1.3 Objectives of the Research

Related to the research questions above, there are two objectives in this

research:

1. To analyze Anna’s character in My Sister’s Keeper Movie based on its

structural elements of movie.

2. To analyze Anna’s character in My Sister’s Keeper Movie viewed from

humanistic psychological perspective.

1.4 Significance of the Research

There are two kinds of research significances; there are theoretical

significance and practical significance.

1.4.1 Theoretical Significance

 In theoretical aspect, this research is expected to give information

and add knowledge about humanistic psychological approach, especially

the knowledge about of humanistic psychological perspective.

1.4.2 Practical Significance

In the practical aspect, the researcher believes that the result of this

research can be advantageous and useful for the readers, especially for

English students of Mulawarman University as a reference who wants do

the similar analysis on humanistic psychological perspective by focusing

on the different point of view.

1.5 Research Scope and Limitation

The researcher gives for limitation the scope of the research. In this

research, the researcher limits the scope of the research as follows: The Scope of

this research is My Sister's Keeper movie directed by Nick Cassavetes in 2009.

And also, the limitation of this research is focused on the motivation to survive

and get the freedom portrayed in Anna’s character by adopting the humanistic

psychological approach based on by Abraham Maslow’s theory.

 CHAPTER II

RELATED THEORIES AND REVIEW OF PREVIOUS

RESEARCH

2.1 Related Theories

According to Maslow’s theory, Maslow's hierarchy needs is a theory of

psychology created by Abraham Maslow. And this is a theory of human

motivation and is a belief that makes humans bears a word "Curiosity" arising

from the human psyche that makes humans makes an observation or research

on what he wants to learn.

Figure.1 Maslow's hierarchy needs

Maslow (1954) present five strategies: Physiological Needs, Safety and

Security Needs, Love and Belongingness Needs, and Self-actualization Needs.

2.1.1 Physiological Need

 The most important basic needs are needed by all members of

the human body to survive; if these physiological needs cannot be met

then some of the human body cannot function properly.

For example: eating, drinking, sugar, salt, protein, and rest and sex

needs.

2.1.2 Safety and Security Needs

This need for salvation is indispensable and this must be done

with people who have disciplined souls in order to make their lives

more orderly where justice and consistency are in good control. In the

world of work, then the self-safety needs are evident in matters as a

preference for Permanent employment, complaints procedures to

protect individuals from unilateral authority, savings, insurance,

policies, and so on.

For examples: Security needs, stability, protection, structure, law,

order, limit, freedom from fear and anxiety.

2.1.3 Love and Belongingness Needs

Every human being needs social life to be able to interact with

other creatures, which humans need togetherness with others.

For example: Needs of affection, family, colleagues, spouses,

children.
2.1.4 Self-esteem Needs

All human beings need to be respected, for self, self-respect,

and respect for others. The people involved need to gain self-

confidence and have activities or activities that give people a sense of

contribution, feel welcome and appreciated themselves, whether in a

profession or a hobby.

For example: Needs strength (mastery, competence, confidence,

independence). The need for prestige (respect from others, Status,

fame, domination, becomes important, honor and appreciation).

2.1.5 Self-actualization Needs

The need to reach the highest level of potential possessed and

continue to develop into something that can make things easier and

this will be the self-actualization that arises.

For example: The need of people to be that should be in accordance

with their potential. Creative needs, self-realization, self-development.

2.2 Review of Previous Research

There are some other studies that have close relation with this research.

These three following studies were used as references in doing this research.

The first research is Febry Indah Sari (2011), from English Letters

Department, Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University Syarif

Hidayatullah with the title “A Main Character Analysis of My Sister’s Keeper

Movie Using Hierarchy of Human Need of Abraham Maslow’s theory”. This

research is aimed to find motivation of the main character thought her life and

to solve her problem in the My Sister’s Keeper Movie reflects the need based

on Abraham Maslow’s theory of The Hierarchy of Human Needs.

The second research is “Psychological Approach: Emotion Analysis of

the Main Character “Evan Taylor” in August Rush Movie By Using James-

Lange Theory” by a student of State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah

named Yousef Bani Ahmad (2010). This research is aimed at finding out the

character of Evan Taylor as the main character in the movie “August rush”

and to find out how his emotion influences the story.

All of the related theories above have a similarity and difference with

this research. This research, “The Motivation of “Anna’s character” to

survive and get the Freedom in My Sister’s Keeper Movie (2009): Humanistic

Psychological Approach”, Similarity this research with the first research are

used the same theory, Abraham Maslow’s theory and also used the same

movie, My Sister’s Keeper Movie as a research object. And the difference

with this research is used Humanistic Psychological Approach especially

Humanistic Psychological Perspective.

 And the last, Similarity this research with the second research is

focuses on Psychological Approach but the difference this research is used

theory, Abraham Maslow’s theory.

 BAB III

RESEARCH METHOD

This chapter presents the research method for the thesis that contains the

research design, data and data sources, research instrument, data collection technique,

and data analysis.

2.3 Research Design

According to Miles and Huberman’s (1994), “qualitative data is usually

in the forms of words rather than numbers” (p.1). The researcher uses qualitative

data because the data collections in this research are in the form of word rather

than number. So, this research uses qualitative data because the data are Anna’s

utterance within the movie that takes of words and sentences rather than numbers.

According to Nazir (1988), descriptive research aims at describing facts,

characteristics, and the relationship among the phenomena being observed

systematically, factually, and accurately. This research uses a descriptive

qualitative research because the objective of this research is to describe the

findings of Humanistic Psychological Approach. Using the descriptive qualitative

research with the purpose to categorize The Motivation of “Anna’s character” to

survive and get the Freedom in My Sister’s Keeper Movie.

3.2 Data and Data Source

The source of data in this research is My Sister's Keeper Movie. To found

the data the researcher examines script of My Sister's Keeper Movie. The data of

this research is from Anna’s character to other character in My Sister's Keeper

Movie containing humanistic psychological approach.

3.3 Research Instrument

The instrument of this research is the researcher himself. The researcher

focuses on observing humanistic psychological approach found in Anna’s

character in My Sister's Keeper Movie as the data of the research.

3.4 Data Collection Technique

The researcher presents some procedure of collecting the data in this

research, According to Talbot (1995) explains that “data collection begins with the

researcher deciding from where and from whom data will be collected” (p.472).

From the explanation above, the researcher are collected the data through

documentation following some steps: the first, the researcher watches the movie

several times until the researcher understands the information or the data to be

analyzes. The second, the researcher read and understood the script of My Sister's

Keeper Movie. And also the researcher read some related books to found out the

theory data and information requires. Third, underlining Anna's utterance which

contain the humanistic psychological approach are selected and marked. And the

conclusion of the collected data is drawn to be continuing in data analysis.

3.5 Data Analysis

According to Burns & Grove (2003), data analysis is a mechanism for

reducing and organizing data to produce findings that require interpretation by the

researcher (p.479). Miles and Huberman (1994) divide the analysis process of

three current flows of activity; data reduction, data display, and conclusion

drawing/verification (p.10-11).

Figure.2 Component of Data Analysis: Flow Model

(Miles and Huberman, 1994, p. 10-11)

1. Data Reduction

Miles and Huberman (1994) states “data reduction refers to the process

of selecting, focusing, simplifying, abstracting, and transforming the data that

appear in written up fields notes or transcriptions” (p.10). In this process, the

researcher selects and focuses humanistic psychological approach found in

Anna’s character in My Sister’s Keeper movie.

2. Data Display

According to Miles and Huberman (1994), “data display is an

organized, compressed assembly of information that permits conclusion

drawing and action” (p.11). In this process, the researcher classifies and
 elaborates the utterance in Anna’s character in My Sister's Keeper Movie by

using Maslow’s theory.

3. Conclusion Drawing and Verification

Miles and Huberman (1994) define “from the start of data collection,

the qualitative analyst is beginning to decide what things mean is nothing

regularities, patterns, explanations, possible configurations, casual flows, and

propositions” (p.11). In this process, the researcher found the result of the

analysis. The researcher elaborates the finding descriptively and concludes the

whole part of the analysis that related to the research problems there are types

of humanistic psychological approach found in Anna’s character in My

Sister’s Keeper movie.