ANALYSIS

The concept and occurrence of diffraction of light are observed in this experiment as well

as difference between the single slit diffraction and two slit interference. In the first section,

diffraction of single slit disk is investigated. We first obtained the data we need like the positions

of dark fringes. After that, we used the obtained data and the given slit width of 0.08mm to

compute the wavelength. We acquired an average wavelength of 666.7 nm for 90 cm distance

between the slit and the screen, 646 nm for 75 cm, and 626 nm for 60 cm. The mean values we

obtain all fall in the acceptable range. As observed in our results, as the dark fringes moves

farther from the central maximum m or the value increases, the distance Ym from the central

maximum to the m line is also increasing and as so the wavelength. It can also be noticed that

with constant width of the slit disk, as the distance between the screen and slit shortens, the

wavelength also shortens. Multiple slit disk is used in the second section of this experiment. Like

in the first section, we begin with determining the position of bright fringes. The slit width for

this section is given by 0.8 mm with a 0.25 mm slit separation. Calculating the wavelength, we

obtained an average of 656 nm for 90 cm screen-slit distance, 621 nm for 75 cm, and 625 nm for

60 cm. It can be observed that the results of this part are almost the same as the first part.

Based on the results of our observations and calculations, we can come in the conclusion

that the results are consistent with the theory which is given by the equation, λ=(yma)/(mx) where

a is the slit width, ym for the position of the dark/bright fringes on the screen, and x is for the

distance between the slit and screen. As a whole, single and double slit disk have the same

relationship regarding slit width, wave length, and slit-screen separation. Having a constant slit

width, it was observed that as the distance between the screen and slit shortens, the wavelength

also shortens.
CONCLUSION

Diffraction is the phenomena associated with wave propagation such as curving,

spreading, and interfering of waves travelling by an object or aperture that disturbs the wave.

Diffraction always occurs but it generally affect the most noticeable for waves where the

wavelength is on order of the diffracting objects. In this experiment, single slit and multiple slit

disks were used to compare the diffraction made between the two. As observed, the dark fringes

in a multiple slit are near from each other. The wavelength is dependable on many factors such

as slit-screen distance, the position of dark fringes or lines on the screen, and the slit width.

Given by the equation λ=(yma)/(mx), wavelength is directly proportional to the slit width and

indirectly proportional to the slit-screen distance.

By observing the obtained results, it can be concluded that the results agree with the

theory given by the equation λ=(yma)/(mx). It can be discerned from our input that as the dark

fringed after the central maximum m increases, the distance Ym from the central maximum to the

m line and wavelength are also increasing. It can also be observed that with constant width of the

slit disk, as the distance between the screen and slit shortens, the wavelength also shortens.

In order for the calculated average wavelength to fall in the accepted range, it is

recommended to execute the experiment in a much darker room to make the diffraction pattern

on the screen more visible. Errors made by the experimenters can also affect the results.

Therefore, it is important to determine the position of dark fringes on the screen with care and

precision.