Past perfect tense, The Present Perfect Tense and

Future perfect tense

CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

A. Background
English is the international language. By mastering English well, then we will be
able to communicate with other nations in this world. In addition, we will also be able
to increase our insight and knowledge for the betterment of our nation and country, for
we will be able to read English literature, listen to foreign radio broadcasts, and to
install other science films. Thus, ultimately we can master the knowledge in all fields.

B. Problem Identification
In this paper we conclude some of which we will discuss, namely:
1. What is Past Perfect Tense, the formula and how?
2. How does the meaning of the Present Perfect Tense, what is the formula,
division and example?
3. What is the Future Perfect Tense formula, its division and example?

C. Purpose
From the identification of the above problem, the writer of course aims to
explain or explain these points, in accordance with the knowledge we get, both from the
source book and internet.

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past perfect tense is a form of verb used to state that an action has been
completed at a point in the past before another action occurs.
Action that has been completed in the past can happen repeatedly or only once.
In addition, this tense can also be used to form conditional sentence type 3 and reported
speech.

Rumus Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense is formed with auxiliary verb "had", and past participle (verb-
3). Had been used both for singular and plural subjects. While the past participle can be
irregular or regular verb.

Rumus Contoh

My brother had slept

positif (+)
S + had + past participle (V-3)
They had come

My brother hadn’t slept

negatif (-)
S + had + not + past participle (V-3)
They hadn’t come

Had my brother slept

interogatif (?)
had + S + past participle (V-3)
Had they come

Beberapa Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Past Perfect Tense

Fungsi Contoh Kalimat

Past perfect tense untuk When he came last night, the cake had run
mengekspresikan aksi di masa lampau out.
yang telah selesai terjadi sebelum past (Ketika dia datang semalam, kue sudah habis.)

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 event lainnya. Subordinate The student had gotten a verbal
conjunction yang dapat digunakan antara warning before his parents were called.
lain: (Siswa tersebut telah mendapat peringatan
 after, before, when verbal sebelum orangtuanya ditelepon.)
 by the time
 prior to I had already eaten breakfast by the time he
picked me up.
(Saya telah sarapan ketika dia menjemput.)

Prior to the proclamation,

Indonesia had been colonized by Japan for 3
years.
(Sebelum proklamasi, Indonesia telah dijajah
Jepang selama 3 tahun.)

I had read the book three times before I read

his review.
(Saya telah membaca buku itu tiga kali sebelum
saya membaca ulasannya.)
Past perfect tense untuk menunjukkan
They had met twice before married.
seberapa sering sesuatu terjadi di masa
(Mereka bertemu dua kali sebelum menikah.)
lampau.
Yulia had been to the gym every two days until
2012.
(Yulia telah pergi ke gym setiap dua hari
sampai tahun 2012.)

He said that he had listened carefully the

instruction.
(Dia mengatakan bahwa dia telah
Past perfect tense digunakan
mendengarkan instruksi dengan penuh
pada reported
perhatian.)
speech setelah verbs: said, told, asked, thou
ght, wondered.
I thought he had changed to be better man.
(Saya pikir dia telah berubah menjadi pria yang
lebih baik.)

If he had taken a bath fast, he would have

Past perfect tense untuk mengekspresikan
missed the train.
harapan/impian yang tidak kesampaian
(Jika dia telah mandi cepat, dia tidak akan
(conditional tipe 3).
ketinggalan kereta.)

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 Rina would been the same level with me if
she had studied harder.
(Rina akan berasa pada level yang sama dengan
saya jika dia belajar lebih keras.)

B. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense is a verb form used to express an action or situation that
has started in the past and still continues until now or has been completed at a certain
point in time in the past but the effect is still continuing.

Formula Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense is formed with auxiliary verb "have" or "has", and past
participle (verb-3). Have used for I, you, they, we, while has for he, she, it, and a single
third person. While the past participle can be a regular or irregular verb.
Thus the present perfect tense formula for positive, negative, and interrogative
sentences is as follows.

Contoh Present Perfect

Kalimat Rumus
Tense

I have read the book

positif
S + aux. verb(have/has) + V-3/past
(+)
participle He has left

I have not read the book

negatif
S + aux. verb(have/has) + not + V-3/past
(-)
participle He hasn’t left

Have I read the book

interogatif
aux. verb(have/has) + S + V-3/past
(?)
participle Has he left

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Beberapa Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Tense
Fungsi
Present perfect tense untuk
mengungkapkan kejadian di
masa lalu tanpa peduli kapan
tepatnya terjadi.
Present perfect tense untuk
menunjukkan bahwa suatu aksi
terjadi berulang kali dimasa
lampau (adverb of
number dapat digunakan).
Present perfect tense untuk
mengungkapkan aktivitas atau
situasi yang dimulai pada masa
lampau kemudian dilanjutkan
sampai sekarang (belum
selesai).
Present perfect tense untuk
membicarakan event yang baru
saja terjadi (adverb
“just” dapat digunakan).
Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Tense
Can you recommend the most delicious seafood
restaurant in this town? Yes, I’ve visited all of
them.
(Dapatkah kamu merekomendasikan restoran
seafood paling lezat di kota ini? Ya, saya telah
mengunjungi semuanya.)
I’ve read this book.
(Saya sudah membaca buku ini.)
She has called you three times.
(Dia sudah meneleponmu tiga kali.)
I have lived in Cilegon for 3 months.
(Saya telah tinggal di Cilegon selama 3 bulan.)
She has studied in French since April.
(Saya telah sekolah di Perancis sejak bulan April.)
My brother has worked already/lately/ up to now.
(Saudaraku sudah bekerja sampai sekarang.)
I’ve just sent you an email.
(Saya baru saja mengirimkan kamu email.)
The rain’s just stopped.
(Hujan baru saja berhenti.)
[the rain’s = the rain has; lihat contraction &
apostrophe]
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C. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Future perfect tense is a form of verb that is used to reveal that an activity will
be completed at a time point in the future.

Tense
Future perfect tense is formed with the auxiliary verb will and have, and past
participle (verb-3). Have been used both for singularmaupun plural subject. While the
past participle can be either irregular or regular verb.

Rumus Future Perfect Tense Contoh Future Perfect Tense

The students will have come

kalimat positif (+)
S + will + have + V-3/past participle Meri will have eaten

The students will not have come

kalimat negatif (-)
S + will + not + have + V-3/past participle Meri won’t have eaten

Will the students have come

kalimat interogatif (?)
will + S + have + V-3/past participle Will Meri have eaten

Beberapa Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Future Perfect Tense

Fungsi Contoh Kalimat Future Perfect Tense

We will gather on the road at 8. We will have

Future perfect tense untuk
mengungkapkan suatu
aktivitas yang akan sudah
selesai atau terjadi sebelum
aktivitas lain dilakukan di
masa depan.
gone when you come at 9.
(Kami akan berkumpul di jalan jam 8. Kami akan telah
pergi ketika kamu datang jam 9.)
Before he comes, the table will have been prepared.
(Sebelum dia datang, meja akan telah dipersiapkan.)
[passive future perfect tense]

Future perfect tense untuk At this time next month, I’ll have finished my driving
menunjukkan bahwa suatu course.
aksi akan telah selesai pada (Bulan depan, saya akan telah menyelesaikan kursus
suatu waktu di masa depan. mengemudi.)

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By this time next week, we will have lived in this house
for 2 years.
(Minggu depan, kita akan telah tinggal di rumah ini
selama 2 tahun.)

The mechanic will have repaired my car tomorrow.

(Montir akan telah memperbaiki mobil saya besok.)

On the 15th of May It will have been two months since

we met for the first time.
(Tanggal 15 Mei akan menjadi dua bulan sejak kita
bertemu pertama kali.)

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
Past perfect tense is a form of verb used to state that an action has been
completed at a point in the past before another action occurs. The Present Perfect Tense
is a tense form that shows the relationship between the present and the past. This tense
is used to express an action that was started in the past and has been completed or still
continues when speaking. Future perfect tense is used to declare events or deeds that
will have occurred or will have been completed at a specified time in the future.

B. Suggestion
From the assessment that has been done is expected we would be more
understanding about tenses in English in this case " Past perfect tense, The Present
Perfect Tense and Future perfect tense". because in English there are rules in the
learning process, especially pronunciation.

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 REFERENCE

https://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/englishstudy/penggunaan-future-perfect-tense.aspx
accessed July 26, 2018.

https://www.sederet.com/tutorial/grammar-tense-past-future-perfect-tense/ accessed
July 26, 2018.