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1.
Cell
lysis
Detergent
Mechanical
disrup-on
2.
Separa-on
from
proteins
Proteinase
(Proteinase
K)
3.
Removal
of
DNA
or
RNA
depending
on
what
you
want
to
have
4.
Purifica-on
nucleic
acid
Phenol-‐Chloroform
clean
up.
Ethanol
or
isopropanol
precipita-on
Column
purifica-on
(silica,
ion
exchange)
1
8/26/14
1.
Cell
lysis
2.
Separa-on
from
proteins
3.
Removal
of
RNA
4.
Purifica-on
nucleic
acid
hZp://www.qiagen.com/products/catalog/sample-‐
technologies/dna-‐sample-‐technologies/genomic-‐
dna/dneasy-‐blood-‐and-‐-ssue-‐kit#resources
2
8/26/14
Using
fluorescent
dye
specific
to
DNA
or
RNA
(SYBR
Green)
Higher
sensi-vity
and
specificity
(more
reliable)
You
need
a
fluorescent
reader
Gel electrophoresis and staining with molecular weigh marker with known amount
3
8/26/14
DTT contamina-on
DNA electrophoresis
4
8/26/14
Remember!
You
are
working
with
a
large
number
of
molecules
that
could
be
iden-cal
(clone
or
clones)
or
several
different
subpopula-ons.
You
will
learn
the
ways
to
analyze
nucleic
acid.
Detec-on
of
polymorphism
Size
Restric-on
site
Sequence
Quan-fica-ons
(for
RNA)
Q-‐RT-‐PCR
5
8/26/14
Others are capillary electrophoresis, robo-c gel equipment, and so on…
6
8/26/14
Loading
DNA:
Usually,
~50
ng
per
band
(in
a
small
gel)
is
sufficiently
visible
and
sharp.
~
10
μL
or
less
is
usually
recommended.
Loading
dye:
contains
heavy
solu-on
(sucrose,
ficoll,
or
glycerol)
and
Bromophenol
blue
(~300bp),
Xylen
cyanol
(~4kb)
Voltage:
~5V/cm,
usually
un-l
when
the
first
dye
(Bromophenol
blue)
reaches
to
the
¾
of
the
gel,
~30
min
to
1
hr
depending
on
the
length
of
the
gel.
You
will
use
GelStar
(Lonza)
for
visualizing
the
bands.
We
will
use
TAE
1x
7
8/26/14
FAQ
Why
people
run
polyacrylamide
gel?
What
makes
DNA
yield
higher?
8