An Introduction to Qualitative Research School Year 2018 – 2019
THE APPROACHES IN A QUALITIATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
A qualitative research design is a general way of thinking about conducting qualitative research. It describes, either explicitly or implicitly, the purpose of the qualitative research, the role of the researcher(s), the stages of research, and the method of data analysis. (Trochim, 2006)
Approach Purpose Method Analysis Outcome
Ethnography To describe a Fieldwork and Detailed and rich “Description of culture: its immersion in the description of Culture” characteristics and culture culture features Key informant interviews and observations
Grounded To develop Interviews and “Concept Theory backed by
Theory theories from Observations formation” evidences from analysis of Data collection “Concept data patterns, themes and analysis are Development” by and categories done in parallel. looking into Data are analyzed literature and as they come. “sampling of Patterns and subjects” themes are “Concept validated and Modification and disproved by Integration” further data collection. Phenomenology To describe Seek persons who Classify and rank Findings described experiences as understand study data from subject’s they are lived and are willing to Sense of wholeness point-of-view To examine the express inner Examine Research identifies uniqueness of feelings and experiences themes individual’s lived experiences beyond human Structural situations Describe awareness or that explanation of To describe that experiences of cannot be findings is each person has phenomenon communicates developed. own reality; reality Write experiences is subjective of phenomenon Direct Observation Audio or Videotape Narrative To describe Interviews and Analysis of Content Narrative Analysis experiences observations Looking into form accounts from Research and function of individual s participants are stories encouraged to share stories. Discourse To describe Interviews and Analysis of content Discourses that Analysis discourse present Observations and meaning reflect beliefs, in a phenomenon behind the principles, and conversation perspectives Historical To describe and Formulate idea – Synthesis of all Select means of Approach examine events of select topic after data; accept and presentation – the past to reading related reject data; biography, understand the literature reconcile chronology, issue present and Develop research conflicting paper anticipate questions evidence potential future Develop an effects inventory of resources – archives, private libraries, papers Clarify validity and reliability of data – primary sources, authenticity, biases Develop research outline to organize investigative process Collect data
Case Study Describe in-depth Direct observation Synthesis of In-depth
the experience of and interaction Experience description of the one person, family, with the subject experience group, community or institution
Reading Performance of The Grade 7 Students of Paiisa National High School, Tiaong, Quezon During The School Year 2016 - 2017: Input For Effective Remedial Reading Approach