PROBLEM 8.

41
In Problem 8.40, determine the smallest couple M C for which
equilibrium will be maintained.

SOLUTION

FBD AB: ΣM A = 0: N ( )
8 in 2 + 4 in 2 − M A = 0

N =
(12 lb ⋅ ft )(12 in./ft ) = 16.100 lb
8.9443 in.

Impending motion: F = µ s N = 0.3 (16.100 lb )

= 4.830 lb

(Note: For min. MC, need F in direction shown; see FBD BC.)

FBD BC + collar: 1 2 2
ΣM C = 0: M C − (17 in.) N − ( 8 in.) N + (13 in.) F =0
5 5 5

1
MC = (17 in. + 16 in.)(16.100 lb ) − ( 26 in.)( 4.830 lb ) 
5

= 181.44 lb ⋅ in.

( MC )min = 15.12 lb ⋅ ft W
 PROBLEM 8.42
Blocks A, B, and C having the masses shown are at rest on an incline.
Denoting by µ s the coefficient of static friction between all surfaces of
contact, determine the smallest value of µ s for which equilibrium is
maintained.

SOLUTION
For impending motion, C will start down and A will start up. Since, the
normal force between B and C is larger than that between A and B, the
corresponding friction force can be larger as well. Thus we assume that
motion impends between A and B.
FBD A:
3
ΣFy′ = 0: N AB − WA cos30° = 0; N AB = WA
2

3
Impending motion: FAB = µ s N AB = WAµ s
2
ΣFx′ = 0: T − FAB − WA sin 30° = 0

or T = ( ) W2
3µ s + 1 A

ΣFy′ = 0: NCD − N AB − (WB + WC ) cos30° = 0

FBD B + C:
3
or NCD = (WA + WB + WC )
2

3
Impending motion: FCD = µ s NCD = (WA + WB + WC ) µs
2
ΣFx′ = 0: T + FAB + FCD − (WB + WC ) sin 30° = 0

WB + WC 3
T = − µ s ( 2WA + WB + WC )
2 2

Equating T’s: 3µ s ( 3WA + WB + WC ) = WB + WC − WA

mB + mC − mA 1.5 kg + 4 kg − 2 kg
µs = =
( A B C)
3m + m + m 3 ( kg + 1.5 kg + 4 kg ) 3
6

µ s = 0.1757 W
 PROBLEM 8.42 CONTINUED
FBD B:
ΣFy′ = 0: N BC − N AB − WB cos30° = 0

3
or N BC = (WA + WB )
2

3
( FBC ) max = µ s N BC = 0.1757 (WA + WB )
2

(
= 0.1522 ( mA + mB ) g = 0.1522 ( 3.5 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 )
= 5.224 N

ΣFx′ = 0: FAB + FBC − WB sin 30° = 0

1 3 W
or FBC = − FAB + WB = − WA ( 0.1757 ) + B
2 2 2

= ( −0.1522mA + 0.5mB ) g

=  −0.1522 ( 2 kg ) + 0.5 (1.5 kg ) ( 9.81 m/s 2 )

= 4.37 N

FBC < FBC max OK

 PROBLEM 8.43
A slender steel rod of length 9 in. is placed inside a pipe as shown.
Knowing that the coefficient of static friction between the rod and the
pipe is 0.20, determine the largest value of θ for which the rod will not
fall into the pipe.

SOLUTION
3 in.
FBD rod: ΣM A = 0: N B − ( 4.5 in.) cosθ  W = 0
cosθ

or N B = (1.5cos 2 θ )W

Impending motion: FB = µ s N B = (1.5µ s cos 2 θ )W

= ( 0.3cos 2 θ )W

ΣFx = 0: N A − N B sin θ + FB cosθ = 0

or N A = (1.5cos 2 θ )W ( sin θ − 0.2 cosθ )

Impending motion: FA = µ s N A

= ( 0.3cos 2 θ )W ( sin θ − 0.2 cosθ )

ΣFy = 0: FA + N B cosθ + FB sinθ − W = 0

or (
FA = W 1 − 1.5cos3 θ − 0.3cos 2 θ sin θ )
Equating FA’s

0.3cos 2 θ ( sin θ − 0.2cosθ ) = 1 − 1.5cos3 θ − 0.3cos 2 θ sin θ

0.6cos 2 θ sin θ + 1.44cos3 θ = 1

Solving numerically θ = 35.8° W

 PROBLEM 8.44
In Problem 8.43, determine the smallest value of θ for which the rod
will not fall out of the pipe.

SOLUTION
3 in.
FBD rod: ΣM A = 0: N B − ( 4.5 in.) cosθ  W = 0
cosθ

or N B = 1.5W cos 2 θ

Impending motion: (
FB = µ s N B = 0.2 1.5W cos 2 θ )
= 0.3W cos 2 θ

ΣFx = 0: N A − N B sin θ − FB cosθ = 0

or N A = W cos 2 θ (1.5sin θ + 0.3cosθ )

Impending motion: FA = µ s N A

= W cos 2 θ ( 0.3sin θ + 0.06 cosθ )

ΣFy = 0: N B cosθ − FB sin θ − W − FA = 0

or FA = W cos 2 θ (1.5cosθ − 0.3sin θ ) − 1

Equating FA’s:

cos 2 θ (1.44cosθ − 0.6sin θ ) = 1

Solving numerically θ = 20.5° W

 PROBLEM 8.45
Two slender rods of negligible weight are pin-connected at C and
attached to blocks A and B, each of weight W. Knowing that θ = 70o
and that the coefficient of static friction between the blocks and the
horizontal surface is 0.30, determine the largest value of P for which
equilibrium is maintained.

SOLUTION

FBD pin C:

FAB = P sin10° = 0.173648P

FBC = P cos10° = 0.98481P

ΣFy = 0: N A − W − FAB sin 30° = 0

or N A = W + 0.173648P sin 30° = W + 0.086824P

FBD block A:
ΣFx = 0: FA − FAB cos30° = 0

or FA = 0.173648P cos30° = 0.150384P

For impending motion at A: FA = µ s N A

FA 0.150384
Then NA = : W + 0.086824 P = P
µs 0.3

or P = 2.413W
ΣFy = 0: N B − W − FBC cos30° = 0

N B = W + 0.98481P cos30° = W + 0.85287 P

FBD block B: ΣFx = 0: FBC sin 30° − FB = 0

FB = 0.98481P sin 30° = 0.4924 P

For impending motion at B: FB = µ s N B

FB 0.4924P
Then NB = : W + 0.85287 P =
µs 0.3

or P = 1.268W
Thus, maximum P for equilibrium Pmax = 1.268W W
 PROBLEM 8.46
A 40-lb weight is hung from a lever which rests against a 10° wedge at A
and is supported by a frictionless hinge at C. Knowing that the coefficient
of static friction is 0.25 at both surfaces of the wedge and that for the
position shown the spring is stretched 4 in., determine (a) the magnitude
of the force P for which motion of the wedge is impending, (b) the
components of the corresponding reaction at C.

SOLUTION
 4 in. 
φ s = tan −1 µ s = tan −1 0.25 = 14.036° Fs = kx = ( 240 lb/ft )   = 80 lb
 12 in./ft 
FBD lever:

ΣM C = 0: (12 in.)(80 lb ) − (16 in.)( 40 lb ) − ( 21 in.) RA cos (φs − 10° )

+ ( 2 in.) RA sin (φs − 10° ) = 0

or RA = 15.3793 lb

(b) ΣFx = 0: (15.379 lb ) sin ( 4.036° ) − Cx =0 C x = 1.082 lb W

ΣFy = 0: (15.379 lb ) cos ( 4.036° ) − 80 lb − 40 lb + C y =0 C y = 104.7 lb W

FBD wedge:

ΣFy = 0: RW cos14.036° − (15.3793 lb ) cos 4.036° = 0

or RW = 15.8133 lb

(a) ΣFx = 0: P − (15.3793 lb ) sin 4.036° − (15.8133 lb ) sin14.036° = 0

P = 4.92 lb W
 PROBLEM 8.47
Solve Problem 8.46 assuming that force P is directed to the left.

SOLUTION

 4 in. 
φ s = tan −1 µ s = tan −1 0.25 = 14.036° Fs = kx = ( 240 lb/ft )   = 80 lb
 12 in./ft 
FBD lever:

ΣM C = 0: (12 in.)(80 lb ) − (16 in.)( 40 lb ) − ( 21 in.) RA cos 24.036°

− ( 2 in.) RA sin 24.036° = 0

or RA = 16.005 lb

(b) ΣFx = 0: C x − (16.005 lb ) sin 24.036° = 0 C x = 6.52 lb W

ΣFy = 0: C y − 80 lb − 40 lb + (16.005 lb ) cos ( 24.036° ) = 0 C y = 105.4 lb W

FBD wedge:

ΣFy = 0: RW cos14.036° − (16.005 lb ) cos 24.036° = 0

or RW = 15.067 lb

(a) ΣFx = 0: (16.005 lb ) sin 24.036° + (15.067 lb ) sin14.036° − P = 0

P = 10.17 lb W
 PROBLEM 8.48
Two 8° wedges of negligible mass are used to move and position a
240-kg block. Knowing that the coefficient of static friction is 0.40 at all
surfaces of contact, determine the magnitude of the force P for which
motion of the block is impending.

SOLUTION

φ s = tan −1 µ s = tan −1 0.4 = 21.801° ( )

W = 240 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 2354.4 N

FBD block:

R2 2354.4 N
=
sin 41.801° sin 46.398°

R2 = 2167.12 N

FBD wedge:

P 2167.12 N
=
sin 51.602° sin 60.199°

P = 1957 N P = 1.957 kN W
 PROBLEM 8.49
Two 8° wedges of negligible mass are used to move and position a
240-kg block. Knowing that the coefficient of static friction is 0.40 at all
surfaces of contact, determine the magnitude of the force P for which
motion of the block is impending.

SOLUTION

φ s = tan −1 µ s = tan −1 0.4 = 21.801° ( )

W = 240 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 2354.4 N

FBD block + wedge:

R2 2354.4 N
=
sin 41.801° sin 38.398°

R2 = 2526.6 N

FBD wedge:

P 2526.6 N
=
sin 51.602° sin 68.199°

P = 2132.7 N

P = 2.13 kN W
 PROBLEM 8.50
The elevation of the end of the steel beam supported by a concrete floor
is adjusted by means of the steel wedges E and F. The base plate CD has
been welded to the lower flange of the beam, and the end reaction of the
beam is known to be 150 kN. The coefficient of static friction is 0.30
between the two steel surfaces and 0.60 between the steel and the
concrete. If the horizontal motion of the beam is prevented by the force
Q, determine (a) the force P required to raise the beam, (b) the
corresponding force Q.

SOLUTION

FBD AB + CD: φ s = tan −1 µ s = tan −1 0.3 = 16.70° for steel on steel

ΣFy = 0: N − 150 kN = 0 N = 150 kN

Impending motion: F = µ s N = 0.3 (150 kN ) = 45 kN

ΣFx = 0: F − Q = 0

(b) Q = 45.0 kN W
FBD top wedge:
Assume bottom wedge doesn’t move:

ΣFy = 0: RW cos (10° + 16.70° ) − 150 kN = 0

RW = 167.9 kN

ΣFx = 0: P − 45 kN − (167.9 kN ) sin 26.70° = 0

P = 120.44 kN
FBD bottom wedge:
( a ) P = 120.4 kN W

Bottom wedge is two-force member, so φ = 26.70° for equilibrium, but

φ s = tan −1 µ s = tan −1 0.6 = 31.0° ( steel on concrete )

So φ < φs OK.