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Cooling Methods Of A Transformer

By Kiran Daware Transformer Share 4 Tweet

No transformer is truly an 'ideal transformer' and hence each will incur some losses, most of which
get converted into heat. If this heat is not dissipated properly, the excess temperature in
transformer may cause serious problems like insulation failure. It is obvious that transformer
needs a cooling system. Transformers can be divided in two types as (i) dry type transformers and
(ii) oil immersed transformers. Di erent cooling methods of transformers are - 

For dry type transformers

Air Natural (AN)

Air Blast

For oil immersed tranformers

Oil Natural Air Natural (ONAN)

Oil Natural Air Forced (ONAF)
Oil Forced Air Forced (OFAF)
Oil Forced Water Forced  (OFWF)

Cooling Methods For Dry Type Transformers

Air Natural Or Self Air Cooled Transformer

Index Labels Popular posts
This method of transformer cooling is generally used in small transformers (upto 3 MVA). In this
method the transformer is allowed to cool by natural air ow surrounding it. AC Machines
Basic
DC Machines
construction and

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Air Blast DC Machines

working
Classi cation
of a dc
of generator
DC machines
Transformers
Construction
DC Generatorand working of
For transformers rated more than 3 MVA, cooling by natural air method is inadequate. In this an AC generator
Induction
DC Motor motorsor alternator
method, air is forced on the core and windings with the help of fans or blowers. The air supply
Transformers
Synchronous
Starting of DCmachines
motor
must be ltered to prevent the accumulation of dust particles in ventilation ducts. This method can
be used for transformers upto 15 MVA. How DC
Power
Speed motor works?
control
System
Working principle
Power System
Electric braking and types
Economics
of an Induction motor
More...
Renewable Energy
Cooling Methods For Oil Immersed Transformers Transformer losses and
Electrical
AC MachinesLaws
e ciency
Oil Natural Air Natural (ONAN) Working
Basics of induction motors
Di erence between
3 phase induction
Miscellaneous motor
machines
 This method is used for oil immersed synchronous motor and
Starting of 3 phase IM
Miscellaneous
transformers. In this method, the heat induction motor
generated in the core and winding is Speed
Overheadcontrol
linesof IM
Characteristics of DC motors
transferred to the oil. According to the Induction
Underground generator
Speed control cables
methods of DC
principle of convection, the heated oil Synchronous generator
motor
ows in the upward direction and then in
More...
Basic construction and
the radiator. The vacant place is lled up
working of transformers
Transformers
by cooled oil from the radiator. The heat
from the oil will dissipate in the Working of transformer
Characteristics of DC
atmosphere due to the natural air ow
around the transformer. In this way, the oil
Popular Posts
in transformer keeps circulating due to
natural convection and dissipating heat in
atmosphere due to natural conduction. Basic construction and working
This method can be used for transformers of a DC Generator.
upto about 30 MVA.
How a DC motor works?
Oil Natural Air Forced (ONAF)

 The heat dissipation can be improved further by

AC generator (alternator) -
applying forced air on the dissipating surface.
construction and working
Forced air provides faster heat dissipation than
natural air ow. In this method, fans are
mounted near the radiator and may be provided Transformer - Losses and
with an automatic starting arrangement, which E ciency
turns on when temperature increases beyond
certain value. This transformer cooling method is
Working principle and types of
generally used for large transformers upto about
an Induction Motor
60 MVA.

Oil Forced Air Forced (OFAF)

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In this method, oil is circulated with the help of a

pump. The oil circulation is forced through the
heat exchangers. Then compressed air is forced
to ow on the heat exchanger with the help of
fans. The heat exchangers may be mounted separately from the transformer tank and connected
through pipes at top and bottom as shown in the gure. This type of cooling is provided for higher
rating transformers at substations or power stations.
Basics of electricity

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Oil Forced Water Forced (OFWF)

This method is similar to OFAF method, but here forced water ow is used to dissipate hear from Amazon.com.br OPEN
the heat exchangers. The oil is forced to ow through the heat exchanger with the help of a pump,
where the heat is dissipated in the water which is also forced to ow. The heated water is taken
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away to cool in separate coolers. This type of cooling is used in very large transformers having
rating of several hundreds MVA. Home Write for us
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