Design of isolated square footing

Here b d
Fck= 20 N/mm 2
colmsize= 304 * 304 mm
fy= 500 N/mm 2

safe bearing capacity of soil = 150 kN/m2

depth of footing = 1
Axial load = 201.52 kn
Approximate area of footing required= 1.343467 m2
weight of footing including earth =
26.869333 kn
Total weight on soil= 228.3893 kn

Acual area of footing = 1.522596 m2 =

Provide 1.2 * 1.2 footing
provided footing size = 1.5 * 1.5
thus provided area = 2.25 m2
The net earth pressure acting upward due to factored load is
p= 201.52*1.5/2.25
= 134.35 kN/m2
where 1.5 is partial safety factor

Bending moment about an axis x-x passing through the face of column
= 134.35*1.5*((1.5-0.304)/2)^2/2
= 36.04 knm

Now effective depth required is

d = BM
0.138 * fck * b

= 93.31 mm
Minimum depth = 186.62 mm effective depth= 510
overall depth = 550 mm

Now area of tension steel is given by

Area of reinforcement (Ast)

BM=
fyAst
0.87 fyAst * (d  )
fck  b
where ,
Bm = 37 knm
fy = 500
d= 510
fck = 20 a= 7.25
b= 1.5 m b -221850

by solving Ast = 168 mm2

minimum reinforcement Ast= 990 mm2
design Ast= 990
Shear in one way action
the critical section is taken as distance d away from the face of column

shear force Vu = 134.35*1.5{(1.5-304)/2-0.51}

= 17.74 kn
Nominal Shear stress (τv)
= 0.0231895 N/mm2
shear strength of M 20 concrete for percentage of steel = 0.13 %

τc = 0.28
Safe in one way shear
Shear in two way action
The critical section is taken at a d/2 distance away from the face of the column
A2= 0.312481
Now shear force Vu=
134.35[2.25-0.312481]
= 260.30568 kn
Nominal shear stress(τv) =
0.2282662 N/mm2
shear strength of M 20 concrete
τ'c = ks *τc

ks= 0.5+ βc
βc = longer side of column/shorter side of column = 1
ks= 0.5+1 ks≤1
= 1.5
thus Ks = 1

thus τ'c =τc = 0 . 25 fck

1.118034
since nominal shear strength is less than shear shrenght of concrete the design is safe in two way shear

Load transfer from column to footing

Nominal bearing stress in column = 1.5*201.52*1000/(304*304)
= 3.270862 N/mm2

Allowable bearing stress = 0.45*√fck

= 9 N/mm2
now Excess load = -529464 N

Area of steel required As = -1580.49 mm2

Minimum Ast=0.5% of column area = 462.08 mm2
thus minimum area of steel for dowel bars = 462.08 mm2
Now
bar extended
Nos dia Ast
4 16 804.2496
4 12 452.3904
Available Ast for load transfer= 1256.64 mm2

thus no additional dowel bars are required to tranfer load

additional Ast = No dowel bars are needed

description of dowel bars

Nos dia Ast
4 16 804.2496
4 12 452.3904
total Ast= 1256.64 mm2
increase either nos or dia of dowel bars
Arrangement of bars for foundation slab
dia of bars used = 12 mm
NO of bars required = 9

spacing of reinforcement = 160.0 mm c/c

dia of bar used = 12
tension for compression
Development length = 582.5893 mm 358.9286
available L = 598
L length = 72.59 difference= -160
Design of isolated square footing
Here b d
Fck= 20 N/mm 2
colmsize= 304.8 * 304.8 mm
fy= 500 N/mm 2

safe bearing capacity of soil = 125 kN/m2

depth of footing = 1
Axial load = 148 kn
Approximate area of footing required= 1.184 m2
weight of footing including earth =
23.68 kn
Total weight on soil= 171.68 kn

Acual area of footing = 1.37344 m2 =

Provide 1.2 * 1.2 footing
provided footing size = 1.5 * 1.5
thus provided area = 2.25 m2
The net earth pressure acting upward due to factored load is
p= 148*1.5/2.25
= 98.67 kN/m2
where 1.5 is partial safety factor

Bending moment about an axis x-x passing through the face of column
= 98.67*1.5*((1.5-0.3048)/2)^2/2
= 26.43 knm

Now effective depth required is

d = BM
0.138 * fck * b

= 79.91 mm
Minimum depth = 159.82 mm effective depth= 510
overall depth = 550 mm

Now area of tension steel is given by

Area of reinforcement (Ast)

BM=
fyAst
0.87 fyAst * (d  )
fck  b
where ,
Bm = 27 knm
fy = 500
d= 510
fck = 20 a= 7.25
b= 1.5 m b -221850
 by solving Ast = 123 mm2
minimum reinforcement Ast= 990 mm2
design Ast= 990
Shear in one way action
the critical section is taken as distance d away from the face of column

shear force Vu = 98.67*1.5{(1.5-304.8)/2-0.51}

= 12.97 kn
Nominal Shear stress (τv)
= 0.0169542 N/mm2
shear strength of M 20 concrete for percentage of steel = 0.13 %

τc = 0.28
Safe in one way shear
Shear in two way action
The critical section is taken at a d/2 distance away from the face of the column
A2= 0.313376
Now shear force Vu=
98.67[2.25-0.31337604]
= 191.08669 kn
Nominal shear stress(τv) =
0.1673275 N/mm2
shear strength of M 20 concrete
τ'c = ks *τc

ks= 0.5+ βc
βc = longer side of column/shorter side of column = 1
ks= 0.5+1 ks≤1
= 1.5
thus Ks = 1

thus τ'c =τc = 0 . 25 fck

1.118034
since nominal shear strength is less than shear shrenght of concrete the design is safe in two way shear

Load transfer from column to footing

Nominal bearing stress in column = 1.5*148*1000/(304.8*304.8)
= 2.389588 N/mm2

Allowable bearing stress = 0.45*√fck

= 9 N/mm2
now Excess load = -614127.36 N

Area of steel required As = -1833.22 mm2

Minimum Ast=0.5% of column area = 464.5152 mm2
thus minimum area of steel for dowel bars = 464.5152 mm2
Now
bar extended
Nos dia Ast
4 20 1256.64
4 16 804.2496
Available Ast for load transfer= 2060.89 mm2

thus no additional dowel bars are required to tranfer load

additional Ast = No dowel bars are needed

description of dowel bars

Nos dia Ast
1 20 314.16
1 16 201.0624
total Ast= 515.2224 mm2
increase either nos or dia of dowel bars
Arrangement of bars for foundation slab
dia of bars used = 12 mm
NO of bars required = 9

spacing of reinforcement = 160.0 mm c/c

dia of bar used = 16
tension for compression
Development length = 776.7857 mm 478.5714
available L = 597.6
L length = 266.79 difference= -40
two way shear
 Ast% M15 M20 M25 M30
0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29
0.15 0.25 0.28 0.35 0.28 0.36 0.29 0.36 0.29 0.37
0.25 0.5 0.35 0.46 0.36 0.48 0.36 0.49 0.37 0.5
0.5 0.75 0.46 0.54 0.48 0.56 0.49 0.57 0.5 0.59
0.75 1 0.54 0.6 0.56 0.62 0.57 0.64 0.59 0.66
1 1.25 0.6 0.64 0.62 0.67 0.64 0.7 0.66 0.71
1.25 1.5 0.64 0.68 0.67 0.72 0.7 0.74 0.71 0.76
1.5 1.75 0.68 0.71 0.72 0.75 0.74 0.78 0.76 0.8
1.75 2 0.71 0.71 0.75 0.79 0.78 0.82 0.8 0.84
2 2.25 0.71 0.71 0.79 0.81 0.82 0.85 0.84 0.88
2.25 2.5 0.71 0.71 0.81 0.82 0.85 0.88 0.88 0.91
2.5 2.75 0.71 0.71 0.82 0.82 0.88 0.9 0.91 0.94
2.75 3 0.71 0.71 0.82 0.82 0.9 0.92 0.94 0.96
3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96

Required
M15 M20 M25 M30
p Tc Tc Tc Tc
% N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
0.13 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29
#N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

grade of concrete M15 M20 M25 M30

design bond strength 1.92 2.24 2.4 2.38

tbd= 2.24
Design of isolated footing
Net safe bearing capacity = 125 kn/m2
column size = 304 * 304 mm
fy = 500
fck= 20

Axial load (factored) footing size depth(mm) check in one way check in two way dowel bars Slab reinforcement
factored 201.52 Min (m) Provided min provided shear shear bar dia spacing
unfactored 148 1.171939 1.5 159.82 550 safe safe in two way shear not required 12 160
300
percentage of steel development length
0.13 % check for tension check for compression
dia length (L)
12 266.79 ok
mmc/c