Exercise 2 Seismic Processing WS 17/18 4.12.

2017

2 Marine Seismic Dataset (2)

2.3: Signal Processing

a) Test up to 3 different Ormsby bandpass filter using the parameter test process and plot
the filtered seismic sections for ffid 820 & 930.

• What is the best frequency filter (corner frequencies) and why?

• What happens if the filter slopes are too steep?

b) To apply a true amplitude recovery, test up to 3 different time-power-constants in a times

raised to a power correction using the parameter test process for ffid 820 & 930 and plot
the filtered and gained seismic section.

• Which TAR result is the most convincing and why?

2.4: Velocity analysis

a) Sort the data into CMP gathers and create a brute stack. Show the brute stack (with
trace annotation cdp!), include a header plot for the fold and note down your
approximated velocity-time-function.

b) Create Supergathers each with 25 CMP gathers combined. Start at CMP number 4175
and an increment of 25 CMPs. End at CMP number 4700. Show one of the formed
Supergather.

c) Perform a velocity analysis using the Supergathers and pick the stacking velocities.

• Choose semblance values from 1000m/s to 5000m/s and display the semblance plot
for CMP 4225 and 4575 together with your velocity picks. Test and note down how
many CMP gathers in one super gather where finally stacked in order to improve the
resolution.

• Show the stacking velocity field!

• Calculate the interval velocities up to a depth of 6000 m using the Dix equation.
Smooth the velocity field. Show your 'smoothed' result and list the parameters for
smoothing. Don't forget the colorbar.

2.5: NMO Correction and Stacking

a) Apply a NMO correction to your data and show the NMO corrected CMP gather 4225.

• Which events are well aligned and which events are over-/undercorrected?

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Exercise 2 Seismic Processing WS 17/18 4.12.2017

• Can you identify multiples? If yes, show an example!

• What about the stretch mute parameter?

b) Stack the data and display the finale stack! Compare it with your brute stack.

c) Test a velocity-dependent gain-function. Apply the NMO correction and stack the data.
Compare with the previous result of 2.5. b) and with the brute stack.

2.6: Poststack Depth Migration

a) Migrate your NMO-corrected and stacked seismic section using the Kirchhoff Depth
Migration. Prepare at least 3 migration tests using...

• your calculated and smoothed interval velocity model,

• a constant velocity of 2500 m/s and

• a constant velocity of 4000 m/s.

b) Show your migrated sections and compare them with the zero offset section.

c) Compare the migrated sections and explain, which velocity model produces the best
result. Describe possible processes and modifications for improving your result!

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