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PRACTICAL BASED QUESTION

1. OHM’S LAW

1. A constant potential difference is maintained across two resistors of resistances R1 and R2 (R2<
R1). In which conductor less current will flow and why?

Ans; Resistor R1 ; since current is inversely proportional to resistance.

2. Give examples of ohmic and non ohmic conductors.

Ans. Ohmicconductor :- magnet at constant temperature,

Non ohmicconductor :- electric bulb, diodes

3.
In the Ohm’s law experiment, if the position of ammeter and volt meter are interchanged, what
happens to the measurement readings?

Ans. If both are ideal instruments, they will show any reading.

4. Two resistors of resistance R and 2R connected in parallel and the combination are connected in
series with another resistor of resistance 4R, (a) find the ratio of current in parallel combination.
(b) If a supply of V volt is connected across the free terminals, what is the ratio of potential
difference between the junctions?

Ans:- (a) 2 : 1 (b) 1:6

5. You are given voltmeter, ammeter, resistance wire, rheostate and a key, arrange the components
to verify V = IR.

Ans.

6. In the Ohm’s law experiment copper wire and nichrome wire are used for the same length and
area of cross section. Of the two wires which has higher resistivity? If nichrome wire and the
copper wire are interchanged? Is Ohm’s law still valid?

Ans :-Nichrome wire has higher resistivity.

No.

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7. What is resistivity ?

Ans : It is defined as the resistance offered by a wire of unit length and unit area of cross section.

8. Write the dimension of resistance and resistivity.

Ans :- [ M L2 T-3 A-2 ] and [ M L3 T-3 A-2 ]

9. What is the S I unit of conductivity?

Ans :- Ohm-1 m-1.

10. Draw the graph between conductivity and resistivity of a metallic conductor

Ans :-

2. Meter Bridge & Potentiometer

Worksheet 1 Name of The Chapters- Meter Bridge & Potentiometer

1 In a meter Bridge, the balance point is found to be at 39.5 cm from its zero end, when the resistor
R is 12.5Ω. Determine the value of resistance X.
2. Why are the connection between resistors in a meter Bridge made of thick copper strips?
3. What happens if the galvanometer & cell are interchanged at the balance point of the bridge?
Would the galvanometer will show any current?
4. In a meter bridge exp., balance point was observed at distance ‘l’ from its zero end.
(i) The values of known resistors R and X were doubled and then interchanged. What would be
the new position of new balance point?
(ii) If the galvanometer and battery are interchanged at the balance point, how will the balance
point get affected?
5. In a meter bridge exp., the balance point is found to at 40 cm from its zero end. When the resistor
Y is of value 20 Ω is in the right gap of the meter bridge & unknown resistor X is in the left gap.
Calculate the balancing length if X and Y are interchanged.

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6. In a meter bridge, two unknown resistors R and S are connected in the left and right gap
respectively and the null point is found at a distance of 40 cm from the zero end. If a resistance
of 12 Ω is connected in parallel with S, the null point occurs at 50 cm from zero end. Determine
the values of R and S.
7. What do you mean by potential gradient?
8. A student uses a cell of emf 2 V and found the balance point at distance 350 cm. When a cell of
unknown emf is attached and balance point shift 150 cm ahead than previous. Find the unknown
emf.
9. The balance points in a potentiometer experiment is found to be at 600 cm and 400 cm
respectively by using a known resistance 50 Ω and a cell of emf 6 V. Find the internal resistance
of the cell.
10. In a potentiometer arrangement , a cell of emf 1.25 V gives a balance point at 35 cm length of the
wire. If the cell is replaced by another cell and the balance point shifts to 63 cm. What is the emf
of the second cell?

Worksheet 1 Name of The Chapters- Meter Bridge & Potentiometer ANSWER

1. R/X= 39.5/100-39.5 =39.5/60.5 =0.65 , so X= R/0.65= 12.5/0.65= 1.9 Ω

2. To minimize resistance of the connection which are not accounted for in the bridge formula.
3. The galvanometer will show no current.
4. (i) new balance point= 100-l
(ii) No change in the position of balance point.
l= 60 cm.
5.
R/S= 40/60 =2/3
6.
Now, R/S
eq = 50/50 = 1
R(12 +S)/12 S= 1 , on solving we get S= 6 Ω & R= 4 Ω
Potential drop per unit length is called potential gradient.
7.
ε
8. 1 / ε2 = l1/l2= 350/500= 7/10 so, ε2 = 10 x 2/7 =20/7 V
9. r= (l1/l2-1) R=(600/400-1) x 50 = 25 Ω
ε
10. 2 = 1.25 x 63/35 =2.25 V

3. CONVERTION OF GALVANOMETER INTO AMMETER AND VOLTMETER.

1. What is the resistance of an ideal ammeter?

2. What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter?

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3. . How can you convert a galvanometer into an ammeter?

4. What is shunt?
5. How can you convert a galvanometer into a voltmeter?

6. What is current sensitivity of a galvanometer?

7. How the sensitivity of a galvanometer can be increased?

8. Is it necessary that if current sensitivity of a galvanometer increases , then voltage sensitivity will
also increase?
9. Which material can be used as suspension wire of galvanometer?

ANSWERS

1. zero
2. Infinite
3. By connecting a shunt(small resistance) in parallel
4. A small resistance connected in parallel is called shunt.
5. By connecting a large resistance in series.

6. Deflection of galvanometer per unit flow of current

7. By increasing magnetic field and spring constant of the suspension wire.
8. No, if resistance of the galvanometer increases , the voltage sensitivity may not increase if current
sensitivity increases.

9. Phosphor bronze
10.

4. CONCAVE MIRROR

To find value of v for different values of u for a concave mirror and hence find the focal length.

1 The graph between u and v lies in which quadrant of coordinate system?

2
What is the shape of the graph between u and v in case of a concave mirror?

3 What is the shape of the graph between 1/u and 1/v in case of a concave mirror?

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4 How is to get the rough focal length in case of a concave mirror?

5 Practically where should the object needle lie to get the image?
6 What is the minimum distance of eye to remove the parallax?
7 For finding the focal length of convex mirror whose position should not be changed in the
observation?

8 Which chemical is used to silver the ordinary mirrors?

9 Is mirror formula equally applicable to plane mirrors?

10 Can we find the rough focal length of a convex mirror?

Answer Key

1 3rd 2 Rectangular 3 St.line 4 Focusing a distant object 5 In between f &

hyperbola 2f
6 30cm 7 Convex lens 8 HgO 9 Yes 10 No

5. REFRACTION OF LIGHT.

Name of the Topic: Refraction through Prism.

1 What is the relation between i, e, A and D.

2 What is the shape of the i – D curve
3 What is the relation between i and e at angle of minimum deviation.
4 What is the significance of minimum deviation?
5 The i – δ curve that is obtained in this experiment is a non-linear curve. In such situations, more
readings should be taken in the minimum deviation region. Why?
6 Why the two pins should be fixed with maximum separation in a prism experiment?
7 Define dispersion.
8 What is the cause of dispersion?
9 Under which condition the refracted ray inside the prism becomes parallel to its base so as to
satisfy the condition r = r ′?

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10 What is the condition for total internal reflection?

WORKSHEET 1-A NAME OF THE CHAPTER:Refraction of light. ANSWERS

Name of the Topic: Refraction through Prism.

1. A+D=i+e
2. Similar to parabola.
3. i=e
4. Refracted ray is parallel to the base of the prism and i=e.

5. To be able to obtain the value of angle of minimum deviation accurately. For example, if δ
readings are taken initially at 35°, 40°, 45° and 50° and if the i – δ data points are situated
between 35°and 40° then a few more readings need to be taken for values of i in the range 35° to
45° say, at a difference of 1° or 2°. Taking more readings in this region will help in drawing a
smooth curve. This will enable you to locate the position of the lowest point on the graph more
accurately.
6 To minimize the error.
7 Splitting of polychromatic beam of light into its constituents colours.
8. Refractive index of the material of the prism is different for different wavelengths.
9 At minimum deviation angle
10 Angle of incidence should be greater that critical angle when ray of light is moving from denser to
rarer medium.

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