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17
Lab Exercise
1. Find the equivalent transfer function for the state space model
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
1 2 3 4
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
ẋ = ⎢4 5 6⎥ x + ⎢3⎥ u, y = 1 2 3 x
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
7 8 0 2
3. Assume that in the typical feedback control structure, the blocks are given by
a)
211.87s + 317.6
G(s) =
(s + 20)(s + 94.34)(s + 0.1684)
169.6s + 400 1
Gc (s) = H(s) =
s(s + 4) 0.01s + 1
b)
35786.7s + 108444 1 1
G(s) = , Gc (s) = , H(s) = ,
(s + 4)(s + 20)(s + 74.04) s 0.01s + 1
Find state space model and transfer function of the overall system. Get the zero-pole-gain
representation of the system.
a) ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
−9 −26 −24 0 1
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢1 0 0 0⎥ ⎢0⎥
ẋ = ⎢
⎢
⎥ x + ⎢ ⎥ u,
⎥ ⎢ ⎥ y= 0 1 1 2 x
⎢0 1 0 0⎥ ⎢0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 1 −1 0
18
5.
2s2 + 18s + 16
G(s) =
s4 + 10s3 + 35s2 + 50s + 24
Try to check whether these models are minimally realized. If not, find the minimally realized
models and give an explanation from the transfer function point of view.
Using the lsim function obtain and plot the system response (for x1 (t) and x2 (t) when u(t) =
0.
7. Problem of the inverted pendulum mounted on a cart, as shown in Figure. The cart must be
moved so that mass m is always in an upright position. The state variables must be expressed
in terms of the angular rotation (t) and the position of the cart v(f). The differential equations
describing the motion of the system can be obtained by writing the sum of the forces in the
horizontal direction and the sum of the moments about the pivot point. Find the state space
representation of this system and write it in different alternative canonical form
24
Lab Exercise
⎡ ⎤
⎢
⎢
−3 s − 4⎥⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
s+2 s+4
1. For a plant given by its transfer matrix, G(s) = s2 +s+4
, using MATLAB, determine
Where,
s1 : X1 = A1 x1 + B1 u1
s1 : X2 = A2 x2 + B2 u2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
5 −1 1
A1 = ⎣ ⎦ , B1 = ⎣ ⎦ , C1 = 1 −3 , D1 = [0]
1 0 0
3. For systems given below determine its controllability, observability and stability
P =
4.2625 2.4957 0.0143
2.4957 2.8150 0.1107
0.0143 0.1107 0.0676
E =
−5.0958
−1.9859 +1.7110 i
−1.9859 −1.7110 i
Lab Exercise
1. Obtain the necessary state-feedback gain matrix K with MATLAB for the following.
A regulator system has a plant
Y (s) 10
=
U (s) (s + 1)(s + 2)(s + 3)
x1 = y
x2 = ẋ1
x3 = ẋ2
By use of the state-feedback control u=-Kx, it is desired to place the closed-loop poles at
√ √
s = −2 + j2 3, s = −2 − j2 3, s =-10.
2. Consider the system shown in figure below. Design the minimum-order observers for the
plant. Assume that the desired closed-loop poles for the pole placement part are located at
√ √
s = −2 + j2 3 and s = −2 − j2 3