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Three specimen from three stations in the waters near the vicinity of Tacloban City were subjected
to a water quality assessment. The samples taken were subjected to various tests which were labeled
After a 48-hour incubation period, observations in the experimental setup were recorded as
positive (+), negative (-) and neither positive nor negative (0). Water samples taken from the waters
near Tacloban Astrodome (Station B) and the Passenger’s Pier Area (Station C) exhibited positive
results. However, in the sample taken from the waters near Dio Island (Station A), only A310 showed
a positive result (see Figure 1 A). Although, it was noted that samples A110, A210, A410, A510 and
A5.1 became turbid. But no fermentation occurred (see Table 2) as exhibited by a formation of gas in
each respective fermentation tubes (see Figure 1 A & Figure 1 D). The samples which tested positive
indicates presence of some or all members of the total coliform group. A summary of the data collected
LABEL OBSERVATION
LABEL OBSERVATION
LABEL OBSERVATION
(10 mL) (1.0 mL) (0.1 mL)
A110 0 A11 - A1.1 -
A210 0 A21 - A2.1 -
A310 + A31 - A3.1 -
A410 0 A41 - A4.1 -
A510 0 A51 - A5.1 0
B110 + B11 + B1.1 +
B210 + B21 + B2.1 +
B310 + B31 + B3.1 +
B410 + B41 + B4.1 +
B510 + B51 + B5.1 +
C110 + C11 + C1.1 +
C210 + C21 + C2.1 +
C310 + C31 + C3.1 +
C410 + C41 + C4.1 +
C510 + C51 + C5.1 +
Figure 1. Experimental Setup for the Presumptive Phase. Test tubes containing double-strength
broth with 10 mL of water sample shows positive results as observed by a gas formation in
fermentation tubes (red vertical line): Station A – A, Station B – B, Station C – C.
Figure 2. Experimental Setup for the Presumptive Phase. Test tubes containing single-strength
lactose broth with 1.0 mL (A, B, C) and 0.1 mL (D, E, F) of water sample (Station A – A, D;
Station B – B, E; Station C – C, F) shows positive results as observed to have both a gas
formation inside (red vertical line) and a turbid solution outside the fermentation tubes.
Samples which tested positive in the Presumptive Phase were then subjected to Total Coliform
Test. In this setup all samples tested positive except for the samples in Station A (A110, A210, A310,
Figure 3. Experimental Setup for Confirmed Coliform Phase. Test tubes containing Brilla broth
inoculated with samples which tested positive in the Presumptive Phase (see Table 1) as gas
formation inside the fermentation tubes were observed (red vertical line): (A) Station A, 10
mL; (B) Station B, 10 mL; (C) Station C, 10 mL; (D) Station B, 1.0 mL; (E) Station C, 1.0
mL; (F) Station B, 0.1 mL; (G) Station A, 0.1 mL; (H) Station C, 0.1 mL.
A summary is shown below (see Table 2), providing the number of samples which tested
Figure 4. Experimental Setup for Confirmed Fecal Coliform Phase. Test tubes containing EC broth
inoculated with samples which tested positive in the Confirmed Coliform Phase (see Table
2) as gas formation inside the fermentation tubes were observed (red vertical line): (A)
Station B, 10 mL; (B) Station C, 10 mL; (C) Station B, 1.0 mL; (D) Station C, 1.0 mL; (E)
Station B, 0.1 mL; (F) Station C, 0.1 mL.
The fecal coliform confirmatory test shows the presence of coliform species from animals. In
Escherichia coli characteristically exhibits a green metallic coloration after an 18hr incubation
period in EMB agar. In the test, sample B410 (see Table 3) is the lone negative result recorded. Sample