ME3233E-00-001-Module Folder(2019) –r01(2018 12 03)

Lecture Notes/Vol. I & Selected topics in Vol.II

ME3233E
Unsteady Flow in Fluid Systems
[Lecture notes on CD are available from the class lecturer. Please print hard copies
of the lecture notes for use in the class. ]
by
Assoc. Prof. Lee Thong See
BE, PhD(UNSW), MIEAust, CPEng; MRINA, CEng, SrMAIAA, MASME, MEESS, MIES, MSAE.
Mechanical Engineering Department
National University of Singapore; Singapore 119260
E-mail: slev15@nus.edu.sg

Lecture Schedules [Thursdays(Venue: E5-03-20)]

Total Teaching Weeks: Thirteen (13) weeks
(a) Lectures & Tutorials: 10 weeks ++
(b) AVA presentation of field studies; Revisions and others:  3 weeks
( c) Last day of lecture: Thursday, 18 April 2019 (Week 13)
(d) Optional Revision & Tutorial Class (Reading Week) : Thursday, 25 April 2019
[Venue: TBA]

Term Paper (30%)

Literature Reviews of Pressure Surge Protection Devices/ Methods in Unsteady
Flow Systems
Individual Term Paper Report (max. 25 pages) to be submitted during class on
Wk 11, Thursday, 04 March 2019

Examination Format
[Closed book; no external material allowed.]
Four(4) Questions; Answer All
JANUARY 2019
Singapore

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 ME3233E
UNSTEADY FLOW IN FLUID SYSTEMS
Pre-requisite: ME2135E

This module introduces to the students the fundamental concepts of unsteady fluid
flow problems and pressure surges in unsteady confined flow. Upon completion, the
students should be able to analyse a broad range of flow situations. Major topics in
unsteady flow covered: Elastic pipe theory; Analysis of pressure surges; Various
types of boundary devices; and Various methods of controlling pressure surges in
industrial fluid system and fundaments in the design of fluid flow systems.

Other Commonly used Titles:

FLUID TRANSIENTS
Analysis and Control of Pressure Surges
Water Hammer Analysis in Fluid Systems
Analysis of UNSTEADY FLOW in Fluids Systems
Analysis of FLUID TRANSIENTS in System
Hydraulic Design of Pumping Stations

TEXT BOOKS
(*)T.S. Lee, "Fluid Transients & Fluid Modeling in Complex Systems",
Volume I: Fundamental Topics, & Selected Topics from Volume II:
Advanced Topics. January 2018

Main References
(1) E. Benjamin Wylie and Victor L Streeter, “Fluid Transients in
Systems”, Prantice Hall, 1993
(2) J.A. Fox, “Hydraulic Analysis of Unsteady Flows”
Macmillan Press. London. 1984

Other References
(3) M.Hanif Chaudhry, “Applied Hydraulic Transient”
Van Nostrad Rainhold Co. Inc.

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 ME3233E
UNSTEADY FLOW IN FLUID SYSTEMS

LECTURE NOTES
Text: (*)T.S. Lee, "Fluid Transients & Fluid Modeling in Complex Systems", Volume I: Fundamental
Topics & Selected Volume II Advanced Topics, January 2018

(1) Flow Systems Design and Modelling

[with slides presentations]

(2) Concepts of Water hammer and Pressure Surges

Methods of Analysis

(3) Literature Reviews/Experiments/Demonstrations on

Unsteady Flow Systems

(4) Basic Governing Equations for Unsteady Flow in Conduits

Method of Characteristics (MOC)
Simple System Boundary Conditions

(5) Method of Characteristics

Complex System Boundary Conditions

(6) Transients Caused by

Operation of Fluid Machinery

(7) Industrial Methods of

Controlling Excessive Pressure Transients
[with slides presentations]

(8) Selected Applied Topics

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Fundamental Flow System

4
Flow System Design – Prototype – 01

5
Flow System Design – Model Studies – 01

6
Flow System Failure – 01

7
Flow System Failure – 02

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Fluid System Failure – 03

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 References
Samples of In-house Related International Journal Publications
T.S.Lee and K.M.Teo, "Hydraulic modelling of pump-sumps in sewerage pumping installations",
Proceedings of Second International Conference on PUMPS, VALVES, PIPES & PIPELINE,
FILTRATION & WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES, July 1994, Singapore. pp.163-170.

TS Lee & SJ Wright, "Submereged Vortices in Pump Sump Model Simulations", Proceedings of The 4 th
International Conference on Pumps and Fans, August 26-29, 2002 Tsinghua University, Beiging, China,
China Science and Technology Press. Editors: Zu-Yan Mei and Yu-Lin Wu, pp.295-298.

TS. Lee, "Visualization of Submerged and Surface Vortices of Pump Sump Suction Intakes in Model
Simulations", Proceedings of 7 th Asian Symposium on Visualization (On CD), Singapore, 3-7 November
2003. Paper No.3B-4, Page 1-6.

T.S. Lee, "Numerical Computation of Fluids Pressure Transient in Pumping Installations with Air
Entrainment", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids. Vol.12, pp.747-763,
May 1991.

T.S.Lee, "Numerical Modelling and Computation of Fluid Pressure Transients with Air Entrainment in
Pumping Installations", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids. Vol.19, No.2,
pp.89-103, July 1994.

T.S.Lee, "Numerical Studies on Effects of Check Valve Performance on Pressure Surges During
Pump Trip in Pumping System with Air Entrainment", International Journal for Numerical
Methods in Fluids. Volume 21, No.4, pp.337-348, 30 August 1995.

T.S.Lee and S. Pejovic, "Air Influence on Similarity of Hydraulic Transients and Vibrations". ASME
Journal of Fluid Engineering, Vol.118, No.4, pp.706-709, December 1996.

T.S.Lee, “ A Numerical Method for the Computation of the Effects of Air Vessel on the Pressure Surges in
Pumping Systems with Air Entrainment”, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids.
Vol.28, pp.703-718, September 1998.

T.S.Lee and L.C. Leow, “Numerical study on the effects of air valve characteristics on pressure surges
during pumping trip in pumping systems with air entrainment”, International Journal for Numerical
Methods in Fluids. Vol.29, pp.645-655, April 1999.

T.S.Lee, “Air Influence on Hydraulic Transients of Fluid Systems with Air Valves”, ASME Journal of
Fluids Engineering, Vol.121, pp.646-650, September 1999.

T.S.Lee, “Effects of Air Entrainment on the Ability of Air Vessels in the Pressure Surge Protection”,
ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol.122, September 2000, pp.499-504.

T.S.Lee and Leow L.C., “Numerical Study on Effects of Check Valve Closure Flow Conditions on Pressure
Surges in Pumping Station with Air Entrainment”, International Journal for Numerical Methods in
Fluids. Vol.35, March 2001, pp.117-124.

TS Lee and K.L. Ngoh, “A Numerical Method for the Computation of Air Entrainment Effects on the
Performance of Pumping Systems with Weir Discharge Chamber". ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering,
December 2002, Vol.124, pp.1034-1043

TS Lee, HT Low and W.D. Huang, "The Influence of Air Entrainment on the Fluid PressureTransients in
Pumping Installation", Interenational Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, Vol.17, No.5, October
2003, pp.387-403

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TS Lee, HT Low and W.D. Huang, "Numerical Study of Fluid Transient in Pipes with Air Entrainment",
International Journal of COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS, Vol.18, No.5, July 2004, pp. 381-391

K.W. Cheah, T.S. Lee, S.H. Winoto, and Z.M. Zhao, “Numerical Flow Simulation in a Centrifugal Pump
at Design and Off-Design Conditions”, International Journal of Rotating Machinery (Hindawi Publishing
Corporation: On-line Publication, June 2007), Volume 2007 (June 2007), Article ID 83641, 8 pages,
doi:10.1155/2007/83641; [NUS Publication No.: 0345571]
http://www.hindawi.com/getarticle.aspx?doi=10.1155/2007/83641

TS Lee, HT Low and DT Nguyen, “Effects of Air Entrainment on fluid transients in pumping systems”,
Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics (JAFM), Vol.1, No.1, pp.55-61. (August 2007) [NUS Publication No.
0345650]

TS Lee, HT Low, DT Nguyen and AWR Neo, “Experimental Study of Check Valves in Pumping Systems
with Air Entrainment”, International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems (IJFMS), Vol.1,No.1,
pp.140-147 (October –December 2008). [NUS Publication No. 0397571]
Published on-line at: http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/ijfms/1/1/_contents

T.S. Lee, Nguyen DT, HT Low and JY Koh, “Investigation of Fluid transients in pipelines with air
entrainment”, Journal of Advances and Applications in Fluid Mechanics, Volume 4, Issue 2, December
2008, pp.117-133. http://pphmj.com/journals/articles/449.htm. [NUS Publication No.: 0368557]

T.S. Lee, H.T. Low, D. T. Nguyen and A. Neo, “Experimental Study of Check Valves Performances in
Fluid Transients”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Volume 233, Part E, Journal of
Process Mechanical Engineering, April 2009, pp.61-69. [NUS Publication No.: 0407033]

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 Moss Prize (2009) Winners
An International Award
(Presented on 21st October 2010 by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (UK), Process
Industries Division, London, United Kingdom.)

The Fluid Transient Flow Systems Research Team

From the right: Dr DT Nguyen; Assoc. Prof. TS Lee(Principal Investigator); Assoc. Prof. HT Low;
WRA Neo and CP Ng.

Moss Prize (2009) Winners [An International Award by IMechE(UK) (21 October 2010)]:
Assoc. Prof. TS Lee (PI) and his research team, Assoc. Prof. HT Low, Dr. DT Nguyen and Mr WRA
Neo of Mechanical Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, were awarded the
“Moss Prize 2009” by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, UK for their published paper: TS
Lee, HT Low, DT Nguyen & WRA Neo, “Experimental study of check valves performances
in fluid transient”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, UK, Volume 233,
Part E, Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, April 2009, pp.61-69. The Moss Prize Award
Criteria is: “A prize to be awarded for the best paper on a process industries mechanical
engineering subject published by the Institution in the previous year or for a contribution or for
achievement in that field.” The award consists of a prize money and a certificate. The award was
presented on 21st October 2010 by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (United Kingdom),
Process Industries Division at One Birdcage Walk, London, SW1H 9JJ, United Kingdom.

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