Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Email: gede_gopala@sbm-itb.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Kaskus FJB is one of large e-commerce in Indonesia. Though Kaskus is a forum based business,
Kaskus make the FJB boost up their business income. Lately, Kaskus got several doubt on its
FJB. It occurs for a reason; Kaskus got a problem with the business model concept. The CEO
wants to make it stay the same as Kaskus goal but The CEO doubt that Kaskus FJB would be a
competitive e-commerce on future market. Besides, Kaskus currently on the critical point which
means Kaskus position is in danger comparing to its competitor such as Tokopedia, Lazada,
Blibli, etc. This paper, we will solve this problem with several analyses in 3 sectors such as
marketing, human resources, and technical
FJB Kaskus is a kind of Buy and Sell Forum in online business, auction place / buying
and selling / online market which is big enough in Indonesia, here you can search and buy
anything, from electronic items, gadgets, to rare items from all users Kaskus in Indonesia, the
main payment method in FJB Kaskus is with Debit / ATM Card to the seller's account because it
is more secure and automatic, even though there are sellers who accept payment in other ways,
COD (Cash On Delivery) or others. Unlike the other platform, FJB Kaskus providing a forum to
discuss the product itself instead of the review panel, Basically, FJB gives us a unique trading
system, Peoples who use Kaskus known as Kaskuser.
Lately, there are several problems with FJB itself. They are technical and business
problem. Due to a technical problem such as lack of programmer and lack of web design Kaskus
got a significant loss claim its CEO. Kaskus need to grow up more but the problem is its human
resource. Kaskus does not have enough skilled programmers and Kaskus does not have enough
budgets to hire a professional programmer which usually prefer to work abroad. It becomes a
serious threat to its business model. The effect of the website will make visitor bored and finally,
they don’t want to read more, the web design could determine how serious they made something
for e-commerce. Since Kaskus got a problem with its design so it could make some amount of
visitor decrease incrementally.
The FJB itself has several weaknesses due to lack of programmer. The first one is its
design. The interface is very important as a marketing tool which is an edge of a spear. The
second one its goods, goods will attract visitor from any kind of devices, but Kaskus only
provide several goods and it does not organize well by them. To fix all its problem Kaskus need
a solution with low cost but high impact.CEO of Kaskus also have a concern about its business
model, because it was doubtful if it could take advantage of future e-commerce competition.
Since it has the forum based at the beginning and now Kaskus has FJB, Kaskus need to
reconsider its business model and the marketing strategy to compete with another e-commerce
business such as tokopedia,blibli, etc.
Its competitor has got a star in society while Kaskus is getting dims. The number of app
download on google playstore itself is only 500.000 while the others, for example, Tokopedia
got 10.000.000. If Kaskus stay the same and does not try to fix something it will make them lose
on e-commerce competition nowadays. Kaskus need to find the exact solution due to technical
and business model problem.
In this paper, we provide the solution that has been generated from our theory that could
be implemented in the real case.
Human Resource
In order to improve the behavior, skill, and knowledge of the employee, the company has
to conduct transfer training. Training transfer is divided by Werner and DeSimone (2008) into
three categories: positive transfer, zero transfer, and negative transfer. The positive transfer is
associated with the improvement of job performance as a result of undergoing training. Zero
transfer occurs in situations where training results in no impact on job performance. In negative
transfer, on the other hand, the experience of undergoing training would be associated with
negative implications on employee job performances.
The alternative classification of training transfer relates to near versus far forms of
training transfer (Al-Arami, 2011). In near transfer, employees are able to apply knowledge and
skills gained during the training to their job promptly in a direct manner. Far transfer instances,
on the other hand, involve situations where knowledge and skills gained during the training
process need to be applied by employees with a substantial level of adaptation taking into
account unique aspects of their profession and organization.
Baldwin and Ford’s Transfer of Training Model
Baldwin and Ford’. Developed as a simple framework to guide future research, this
model incorporates three main elements:
A) Training inputs, including trainee characteristics, training design, and work environment;
B) Training outputs, defined as the amount of original learning which occurs during the training
program and the retention of that material after the program is completed; and
C) Conditions of transfer, which account for the generalization of knowledge and skills acquired
in training to the job context and the maintenance of that learning over time on the job.
Marketing
PESTLE ANALYSIS
PESTLE analysis or sometimes called PEST analysis is a tool to identify the macro
(external) forces amongst the company. It is basically a principle of marketing concept; it will
give the bird’s eye view in many perspectives. By using this tool we can track our environment
in which we operate as well as gauge consumers’ behavior, thus we can easily to device
marketing strategies. PESTLE is an acronym; each letter stands for Political, Economic, Social,
Technological, Environmental and Legal. This tool also becomes a backbone of the company
while generating strategic management that represents the company’s goals.
1. Political
These factors determine the extent to which a government may influence the economy or a
certain industry.
2. Economic
These factors are determinants of an economy’s performance that directly impacts a company
and have resonating long-term effects.
3. Social
These factors scrutinize the social environment of the market, and gauge determinants like
cultural trends, demographics, population analytics etc.
4. Technological
These factors pertain to innovations in technology that may affect the operations of the industry
and the market favorably or unfavorably.
5. Legal
The legal analysis takes into account both of internal and external sides and then charts out the
strategies in light of these legislations.
6. Environmental
These factors include all those that influence or are determined by the surrounding environment.
Technology
Alexa provides web traffic data, global rankings, and other information on 30 million
websites. Basically, Alexa is a tool that we use to analyze the web traffic on Kaskus and its
competitor. Alexa Traffic Analyzer is the same as google analytics. So the method that they use
is hypothesis-driven development. Alexa only providing the data and it makes the data analysis
simpler than before. This method started with gathering all the data that hit the website. From
that rough data, Alexa will give us the visitor data. From its browser, position, the keyword
searched by, and what category is the most wanted on the website. After that based on
hypothesis-driven development method, we should be processing the simplify one into primary
data. Understand users &refine ideas, it is a crucial step because we don’t use tools such as
Alexa or google analytics anymore. We are on our own, we must carefully generating ideas from
the understanding of our visitor. The next step is to form the hypothesis, it is stated clearly to
make a step based on the new hypothesis. Next, we build our MVP and craft experiment for the
visitor. After that, we need to measure our new features to the visitor to see their reaction. The
last but not least is to gather the experiment data to make validate our hypothesis.
Alexa here is a tool, and we use the hypothesis-driven method to refine Kaskus.
Combining Alexa as a tool and hypothesis-driven as the method is the key of attracting the
visitor. As long as the data simplify by Alexa we should be fine to step toward into the
hypothesis-driven method.
A/B Testing will be useful since it could determine the next step of Kaskus. A/B Testing
is a concept that analyzing the visitor data of website with the competitor. So it is comparing 2 or
more different website to find a fresh idea to attract the visitor. It is also an important method for
the digital startup to determine whether they need the pivot or keep going. A/B Testing using 2
data, user experience, and our own empirical data. It will help us to find the best approach for
our website visitors.
DISCUSSION
In this case, Kaskus want to recruit new employees, but when we want to recruit
employees we must see the revenue generated by the company, whether the company is
experiencing an increase in revenues or vice versa. If the company has increased revenue and
wants to recruit employees to improve the company's service it is highly recommended to
provide better service for the customer. However, if the company experiences a decrease in
income then it is not recommended because recruitment should be driven by an increase in
income not to increase revenue. As we know, Kaskus experienced visitor surveillance from
October 2017 to April 2018, with a decrease in visitors it can be summed up as a decrease in
income as well.
2. Make sure Kaskus does agree to carry out training to employees so the transfer of training get
support
3. Preparing employees who will conduct the transfer of training. Employees who will be trained
must have the ability, personality, and good motivation for the results obtained are positive
transfers. If a company is divided into teams or divisions, then we need to prioritize leaders in
the team to carry out training so that later the team leader can teach what he/she get in the
transfer of training to his subordinates.
In the process of transfer of training things to note in order to achieve a positive transfer
is :
1. Provide the same atmosphere, facilities, and working environment with real conditions while
working
2. Give hands-on experience to employees and train them with the necessary skills in
accordance with their respective positions
In the future, when the visitor and the revenue of FJB KASKUS increase, they can recruit
the new employee to provide better service. The methodology for recruiting employees varies
depending on the needs of the company. The methodology for recruiting employees varies
depending on the needs of the company. But in the interview session, it is important for Start-Up
companies to know the applicant's knowledge of agile management. It is suggested to the
interviewer to ask what applicant knows about agile. The goal of this question is to know the
applicant capability in agile management. Ask them to define what agile management is.
A more effective way to go deeper in the interview and know their knowledge about agile
is asking the candidate to tell their experience in a project which they managed. After the
candidate tells the interviewer about their experience, Interviewer can give them a Scenario
which requires the applicant to solve the problem in a stressful situation. In this scenario, the
interviewer can get some of their personalities when they work in high-pressure wether candidate
have the temperament in a collaborative team or not.
If KASKUS want to recruit the new employee, make sure that KASKUS has increased
their revenue. We have several solutions to grow more Kaskus and can compete with other
online shops by way of business expansion in the field of marketing and development in the field
of technology.
The emergence of social media, substantiate the development of the internet, leading to
the formation of a gateway into a new technological world. In accordance with previous
predictions, the surge of social media is coming up in the year 2003. It is getting bigger when
Facebook was established in 2004 and until now becoming the giant social media over the world,
followed by youtube in 2005 which became an online video platform which took over most of
the television functionality, and also twitter in 2006 that become the open information source
from each user thought by tweets. Same as those social media, Kaskus also become booming as a
media of online forum in Indonesia in early 2012. The existence of those sites increasingly
forming a new culture for the entire world community in a technological era which based on
practicality in their daily activities. Even in remote areas the society has been dependent on
activities in social media ranging from as a means of communication, transaction, to their
livelihood supporters.
Of the various online activities, online transactions become the most thriving feature
amongst the others. Due to our daily activities not far from buying and selling activities both
goods and services, practical lifestyle in this Common Era forces experts to create something that
is able to solve problems in a transaction process which is increasingly globalized. Xi Jinping,
Chinese President stated that “Whether you like it or not, the global economy is the big ocean
from which you cannot escape”. The term E-commerce appears to be the answer to the problems
in the trading world. In other words, electronic commerce is the buying and selling of goods or
services via the internet. At the same time as the development of social media, e-commerce is
also growing rapidly with the emergence of Amazon, PayPal, eBay and various payments
through other social media. Even more, expected in the year 2021, there may be as many as 2.14
billion digital buyers worldwide.
Although it has its own characteristics, Forum Jual Beli Kaskus should not just sit still
inside the comfort their zone circle, by simply relying on the Keskuser who always faithful since
the beginning of Kaskus stands in 2008. In order to survive and compete in the world of
e-commerce, Kaskus must also adjust to the conditions of the society of the present era. To
improve the marketing system, Kaskus necessarily much better to analyze the extent of Kaskus
with bird's view using business analytical tools. In this paper, we use PESTLE analysis to be able
to see and analyze conditions through fields of Political, Economic, Social, Technological,
Environmental and legal thoroughly so that marketing will be right on market segment.
The existence of this regulation will certainly facilitate the e-commerce sector bodily. All
licenses, legal aspects, forms of legal protection, taxation to consumer protection have been dealt
with by these government regulations, starting from the rules on patents, securities or
transactions, permitting permits, until simplifying the fulfillment of tax obligations has been
clearly arranged in such a way. So that both the business and consumer sectors have been more
facilitated and no need to hesitate in developing their business in this electronic field.
The second one is economic, in 2014 the government projected that the volume of
transactions through e-commerce in Indonesia touched 156 trillion and will be predicted to reach
the value of 1.69 quadrillions by 2020. The data makes the Government of Indonesia want to
place Indonesia as the largest Digital Economy Country in Southeast Asia by 2020. Not only
provides the potential for Indonesia's state revenue, the existence of e-commerce also helps the
government to advance and leveling the economic development to the ins and outs of the
Indonesian state. The Indonesian economy, excluding e-commerce, is predicted to remain stable
until 2020 and even tends to rise in the following years, thus it will have a positive impact on
public purchasing power, especially in e-commerce transaction, Other favorable Indonesian
economic policies for the e-commerce sector to expand its business, especially Kaskus, with
policy of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) which has been made easier now.
From the social side, demographic growth of e-commerce user is increased year by year
which is expected to rise to 5 million users annually. statista.com stated that the use of
e-commerce in 2016 is 95.4 million users and now become 107 million users, and will be
continually growing up to 135.2 million users in 2022It can be proven from our transaction
activity every day has shifted become using the application online in each day activities. Not just
buying clothes, purchasing public transport tickets, entertainment tickets, electric bills to health
insurance has been facilitated online. Supported by the electronic money from banks, providers,
and new finance companies increasingly make people cannot be separated from the online
transaction.
Other unique facts based on the survey conducted there are 83.1% of respondents often
go to the offline store but then buy the goods through the online store, it just because the there
are lots of promotions of cash back and discounts provided by many e-commerce services.
Governments also will be giving an education to the entire e-commerce ecosystem consisting of
Awareness raising for the entire ecosystem of e-commerce, Carry out e-commerce education for
policymakers in accordance with the role of each stakeholder, Program a national incubator for
start-ups to foster the development of entry-level entrepreneurs, especially in the early process,
E-commerce curriculum in formal education also Development of e-commerce education
facilitator
In the technology sector, Indonesia needs to be acknowledged to still need more struggle
to be able to level similarly with other developed countries. According to a recent McKinsey
report, Indonesia ranks 85th of 144 countries in digital infrastructure, 77th in Internet bandwidth,
and 61st in having a skilled workforce. In an online-based industry sector, the thing most visible
as a barrier to the development of the online field is LTE technology is not fully deployed, it is
still difficult to get LTE signals everywhere, only in certain places in big cities that can smoothly
access them. But not to worry, as we have explained earlier, the development of Indonesia
including countries that experienced a significant increase in the use of the Internet. We can see
from our surroundings that almost everyone is being tied to their smartphones. Government is
now trying to improve national communications infrastructure as the backbone of e-commerce
industry growth through the expansion of broadband network development.
In the Legality factor, the new e-commerce development pioneered by Indonesia makes
the government must make strict policies for the development of e-commerce can be aligned
with the Indonesian nation body. By 2018, Indonesia will issue ministerial regulations to clarify
and facilitate developments in this sector, so that corporate officers, investors, and foreign
workers can work and act in accordance with laws and regulations applied in Indonesia.
In the last field of pestle analysis, Environmental, every digital company, such as Kaskus,
while running a business in the form of a website must use the server. When the server is
overloaded will result in hardware (computer) will have high heat. It takes air conditioner or
other cooler to be able to re-optimize the temperature. The use of air conditioners or similar
coolers has a considerable impact with environmental friendliness, which if it left untreated can
be fatal.
After analyzing the six factors ranging from politics, economy, social, technology, legal,
and also environmental, Kaskus Company has a huge opportunity to compete and even become
the leading e-commerce platform in Indonesia. To be able to compete with other e-commerce,
FJB Kaskus must do branding and marketing on a large scale from entire Indonesia until
international based. Indeed, every big company has its own value that is the hallmark that only
possessed by them as an advantage over others. For this, FJB Kaskus already has a "forum"
figure in its buying and selling features that other competitors have not. The first step that should
be done Kaskus is to form a brand image in accordance with their value and disseminate it
anywhere.
The use of the tagline is the most brilliantly simple idea to attract a bit of early attention
from netizens. The tagline contains short sentences that can give a broad, yet detailed picture of
what the company's own icon is. We take the example of Jd.id "Dijamin or" to make the
community will think straight to visit Jd. Id to buy something original goods. Kaskus has a great
chance to be famous as the biggest shopping forum in Indonesia, if the company is able to
straightforwardly and disseminate to the public the features of shopping forums, which other
e-commerce companies do not have, with the right target.
Furthermore, to be able to prey on the market widely, FJB Kaskus must first become the
warmest conversation in all social media. The development of social media that increases every
year can be used by Kaskus to make it become a promised land. Brief interesting videos and
photos about the Kaskus Purchase Forum can be spread easily through Line, Instagram, Youtube
and various other social media applications. This we do as an arena for Building virality into our
product. It will be more effective if FJB Kaskus cooperates with various parties either to be
partnering with other companies, governmental or educational institutions or to sponsor in a big
event such as the event enlivened by young people to be easier to introduce themselves to the
wider community. If the event held a bazaar too, to optimize KasPay the visitor who want to
purchase goods from booth should pay it with cash pay with top-up it first.
Not only in collaboration with institutions and sponsorship partnership, FJB Kaskus also
have to work with influencers as well as content creators who are in Instagram, Youtube, or
Twitter to promote FJB Kaskus through their social media account with creativity according to
their own characteristic of each influencer. These things are a good starting point for Kaskus to
show off and give a good impression to potential consumers so FJB Kaskus is expected to be top
searched e-commerce in Indonesia.
Not apart from the value owned by FJB Kaskus, in the discussion after this, we will
explain the arrangement of applications that will be suitable with the marketing that we will
discuss at this time. That is, in the FJB Kaskus there will be Insert Forum Sale and Purchase
related to the product being searched. With this concept, the next marketing strategy is to bring
influencers into the discussion forum.
Discussion forums with idols and local brands can also be followed by a live discussion
forum, By creating a big event that was attended by influencers and CEO of companies in the
field of business, fashion, entertainment, science, and technology are being top discussed now.
The holding of this direct discussion forum is also intended to market the forum of sale and
purchase of Kaskus in line with the value that it has, that is with forum-based that will be
embedded in the head of Indonesian society and even the international community. To appeal to
the public this event can be attended free for entrance tickets by simply downloading the
application FJB Kaskus, so this event can also increase the number of users FJB Kaskus early in
this introductory period. After the introductory period, this live forum by Kaskus can be done
regularly by collaborating with various partnerships
For making this concept sustainable, it is a must that Kaskus have to build this product is
worth recommending. If every single user recommends two new users, it will make FJB Kaskus
have exponential growth. To make this worth recommending, Kaskus firstly have to fix their
website; feature and app become easy to understand by new users. In addition, Kaskus also have
to create a great consumer relationship by providing a secure and beneficial feature for its
consumer. For example, by creating a verified seller for the seller that is fast respond and trusted,
can make the consumer feeling saver shop with them as well as in FJB Kaskus. Last but not least
Kaskus have to maintain customer loyalty by spoiling it from their process of downloading apps,
signing up, shopping, discussing, paying, shipping, evaluation of goods and giving small
rewarding to the consumer by giving promo or small treats of greetings. That thing aims to
increase consumer engagement which affects the existence of FJB Kaskus itself.
Based on Alexa, Kaskus visitor has decreased from October 2017 until April 2018 and
the most wanted keyword is not FJB Kaskus, it is only Kaskus or ps4 pro Kaskus. Well, it means
that there’s something wrong on Kaskus business model since the claim of CEO that state
Kaskus got many users and visitor recently. Meanwhile, the competitor of FJB Kaskus,
Tokopedia got a significant increasing amount of visitors from October until April 2018. It
should worry the Kaskus since the vision of FJB Kaskus to give a fresh vibe of e-commerce and
now it becomes unpopular among netter across the country. As we have gathered the decreasing
visitor data we should refine the ideas of Kaskus business model concept. If we let it be, Kaskus
would go bankrupt soon as its visitor hit the bottom of the red line.
Kaskus CEO wants it to stay as a socialpreneur business but Kaskus facing the technical
problem. Kaskus could use A/B testing as a method to get out from the Death Valley. A/B
testing also could be more efficient if we do it sequentially. Sequently means that we use it
offline while online. We analyzed our server at the same time the visitor comes to us. The output
will be a proper approach to the market for Kaskus. After getting the right approach Kaskus
should determine what is their next step. If the pivot is necessary, they could implement forum
system to FJB which mean the customer doesn’t need to open another page to the Kaskus forum
instead they just click the product ads, and Kaskus will suggest the article about that product
using multiple widgets on the same time on each webpage. It will make FJB Kaskus the efficient
time-based website; the user could freely look at the article without leaving the page. Unlike the
other e-commerce, they just providing comment and rating section, also with additional info
about the product.
After did A/B testing, Kaskus craft the new system as we suggest above. Then Kaskus
need to gather data to validate the hypothesis. This way is more efficient than hiring a new
programmer.
Beside technical we suggest that Kaskus compete its FJB Interface with new features of
Instagram selling method. It is more likely a picture that will show the price of its part by just
tapping on the random spot. Kaskus FJB could use anything creatively to not look boring as
e-commerce. Interface and user experience is the key to making a strong impression about a
website, it will directly attracting a new customer each second if they see something unique on
its interface or the method to choose the product.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, if a company wants to hire new employees to improve their service, the
company should look at the company's condition. Whether their income goes up or down. If the
income goes down then the company is not recommended to recruit employees but the company
is advised to provide training to existing employees for their knowledge, skill, attitude to be
better. When the income of the company begins to rise, it can recruit employees with methods
appropriate to the company.
To be able to compete and become the top among other e-commerce, FJB Kaskus must
be extra doing marketing on a large scale and on target. We provide an initial introduction to the
community through various social media advertisements. In addition to working with various
partnerships such as another company and institutions by forming a big event, with free
admission that is replaced with FJB application downloading and also by optimizing the features
available in FJB Kaskus in every activity there. Collaboration with the influencer is also a must;
bring influencers and well-known local brands to create interactive discussion forums with FJB
Kaskus users will increase the number of users of FJB Kaskus. In addition, direct procurement of
interactive forum is also a suitable strategy to provide branding of Kaskus in accordance with
their values, namely forum with influencers and CEO also Leadership Forum which is dedicated
to students. To maintain the brand image that has been created from the above, strong consumer
engagement is required by making the application worth recommending.
So the Kaskus from technical section must create the exciting user experience that
combines the concepts and FJB forum. FJB so it becomes unique and enhanced interfaces such
as competitors. This can be done by applying a / b testing and hypothesis-driven method
REFERENCES