Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Bastías, Franco
Instituto de Investigaciones en Psicología Básica y Aplicada. Universidad Católica de Cuyo.
Correo: francobastiastorres@gmail.com
Cañadas, Belén
Instituto de Investigaciones en Psicología Básica y Aplicada. Universidad Católica de Cuyo.
Correo: mbcanadas@gmail.com
Este texto fue recibido 24 de febrero 2017 y aceptado para su publicación el 21 de abril
de 2017.
RESUMEN: Desde la aparición del ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the
concepto memoria de trabajo, los concept “working memory”, researchers
investigadores se han planteado su have discussed about its flexibility, and
flexibilidad, la posibilidad real de the possibility of training and transfer
entrenarla y la transferencia de su WM to other cognitive abilities and daily
mejora a otras habilidades cognitivas y a life. A heated debate started about if it is
la vida cotidiana. Esto dio lugar a un possible or not, to change, train and
intenso debate sobre si es posible o no, transfer the effects of working memory
cambiar, entrenar y generalizar las training. The current article is a review
mejoras en memoria de trabajo. Este of meta-analyses, with the aim of
artículo realiza una revisión de meta- identifying the main points of discussion
análisis, con el objetivo de identificar los about working memory training and
principales puntos de discusión respecto presenting the conclusions. In total, 14
al entrenamiento de memoria meta-analyses de trabajo y detallar sus
Lúdicamente Nº 12
El juego hoy: disciplinas, temas y problemas
Vol. 6 – Número 12 (2017) Autor: Bastias, F; Avendaño, P.A; Cañadas, B; Guevara, H.M.
.
conclusiones. La muestra estuvo
constituida por 14 mata-análisis, los were included in the analysis, which were
cuales fueron analizados en profundidad analyzed in depth in their arguments for
en sus argumentos a favor y en contra and against the effectiveness of working
de la efectividad del entrenamiento memory training. From this analyses,
cognitivo. Dentro de las controversias, following the frequency and strength of
siguiendo la frecuencia y contundencia the arguments, it was possible to identify
de la evidencia, fueron identificados dos two mains points of discussion, and their
puntos centrales de discusión y sus conclusion: 1) About WHO benefits
respectivas conclusiones: 1) Sobre (more) with WM training: the studies
QUIEN obtiene (más) beneficios con el suggest that participants with low
entrenamiento: los estudios sugieren socioeconomic level, learning disabilities
que participantes con bajo nivel socio- and/or with a deficit in working memory
económico y con dificultades en el capacity were the ones who benefited
aprendizaje y/o con un déficit en the most; 2) About the TRANSFER effects
memoria de trabajo fueron los que más of training: most of the works agree there
se beneficiaron; 2) Sobre la is a lasting generalization of training to
TRANSFERENCIA del entrenamiento: la untrained cognitive constructs, although
mayoría de los trabajos acuerdan en que it is limited to verbal and visuospatial
existe una generalización duradera del working memory.
entrenamiento a constructos cognitivos
no entrenados, aunque ésta se limita a
memoria de trabajo verbal y visuo- Key words: working memory, cognitive
espacial. training, videogames, transfer effects
Palabras clave: memoria de trabajo,
entrenamiento cognitivo, videojuegos,
transferencia
Lúdicamente Nº 12
El juego hoy: disciplinas, temas y problemas
Vol. 6 – Número 12 (2017) Autor: Bastias, F; Avendaño, P.A; Cañadas, B; Guevara, H.M.
.
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