LAB REPORT: SOME EXPERIMENTS USING

expEYES-17
Indrajit Paul
Integrated Phd 2018
Roll No- 18134001
January 21, 2019

INTRODUCTION : Science experiments generally involve measuring physical parameters like

temperature, pressure, velocity, acceleration, force, voltage, current etc. If the measured physical
property is changing rapidly, the measurements need to be automated and a computer becomes a
useful tool.The expEYES kit is designed to support a wide range of experiments, from school to
post graduate level. The simple and open architecture of expEYES allows the users to develop new
experiments, without getting into the details of electronics or computer programming.

Figure 1: External Connections of expEYES-17

Several experiment has done using expEYES-17 and the description of those experiments are
given below.

1 Steady State Response of a RLC Circuit -

1.1 OBJECTIVE :
To observe the effect of series LCR elements in an AC circuit.

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1.2 THEORY :
In a RLC circuit if a sinusoidal signal[V(t)=V0 sinωt] is given in the input then steady state response
of output will be
V0 sinωt
I(jω) = q
1 2
R2 + (ωL − ωC )

1.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

Figure 2: Circuit Diagram For RLC Steady State Response

1.4 APPARATUS :
1. expEYES-17.

2. Desktop having expEYES software installed.

3. One 1 kω resistance.
4. One 1 mH Inductance.

5. One 22.25 µF Capacitor.

6. One Breadboard.
7. Connecting wires.

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1.5 OBSERVATION :

Figure 3: Output Waveform with frequency 20 and 1600 Hz

1.6 CONCLUSION :
From the observations it is found that at resonant frequency=1600 Hz the voltage across R becomes
maximum and the phase difference is also nearly zero degree and voltage across L and C is almost
zero. At frequency 20 Hz there is a phase difference and certain voltage across L and C.

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2 Transient response of LCR circuits -
2.1 OBJECTIVE :
Study of oscillatory nature of L and C in series and to find the value of damping factor.

2.2 THEORY :
The resonant frequency is given by
1
f0 = √
2π LC
Damping factor of the oscillation depends on the combination of C and L, and the expression is
r
R C
γ=
2 L

2.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

Figure 4: Circuit Diagram For RLC Transient Response

2.4 APPARATUS :
1. expEYES-17.
2. Desktop having expEYES software installed.

3. One 1 kω resistance.
4. One 1 mH Inductance.
5. One 22.25 µF Capacitor.
6. One Breadboard.

7. Connecting wires.

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2.5 OBSERVATION :

Figure 5: Output Waveform

2.6 ANALYSIS :
The graph drawn from the data is

Figure 6: Plot for transient response for LCR circuit

2.7 CONCLUSION :
Experimental value of damping factor for this RLC circuit is 21.70± 0.05.

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3 Study of Electromagnetic induction -
3.1 OBJECTIVE :
Study of the voltage induced across a coil by a changing magnetic field, by dropping a small
cylindrical magnet and to determine the value of magnetic moment of the magnet. into a coil.

3.2 THEORY :
According to Faradays law of EM induction, whenever the flux linked with a coil changes, an emf
is induced in the coil which is proportional to the rate of change of flux linkage. Also, Lenzs law
states that the emf is induced in such a direction as to oppose the change in flux. So this emf causes
an eddy current to be developed in the coil.
If a magnet is dropped through a coil then emf induced in the coil is given by
  "  2 #− 25
3µ0 m 1 1
= NA −z0 + gt2 × R + −z0 + gt2
2
gt
2π 2 2

Here,
µ0 = Permeability of free space.
m= magnetic moment of the magnet.
N= Number of turns in the coil.
A=Crosssectional area of the coil.
z0 = The distance from which the magnet is dropped.
t= time after the magnet is dropped.
R= radius of the coil.

3.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

Figure 7: Experimental Set up

3.4 APPARATUS :
1. expEYES-17.

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 2. Desktop having expEYES software installed.
3. One coil of 300 turns.
4. One magnet.
5. One Breadboard.

6. Connecting wires.

3.5 OBSERVATION :
Radius of the coil = 1.15 cm
Magnet is dropped from a height z0 =7.8 cm

Figure 8: Variation of induced emf with respect to time recorded in expEYES software

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3.6 ANALYSIS :

Figure 9: Plot for electro-magnetic force(V) vs time(ms) from the data

From the graph it is seen that at time 55.03 ms the value of emf is -8.54 Volt and at time 78.73 ms
emf is 9.29 Volt.
At minimum point using the equation the magnetic moment is found 44.023 Amp.m2 and at
maximum point the magnetic moment of the magnet is 73.69 Amp.m2 .Taking average of these two
the magnetic moment is 58.85 Amp.m2

3.7 CONCLUSION :
The value of magnetic moment of the magnet obtained from this experiment is 58.85 Amp.m2 .

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4 Study of Operation of a Photo-Transistor-
4.1 OBJECTIVE :
To study the output behavior of a photo transistor when a square wave of certain frequency is given
to the input through a LED.

4.2 THEORY :
The phototransistor is a device that is able to sense light levels and alter the current flowing between
emitter and collector according to the level of light it receives.Phototransistors and photodiodes
can both be used for sensing light, but the phototransistor is more sensitive in view of the gain
provided by the transistor. This makes phototransistors more suitable in a number of applications.

4.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

Figure 10: Experimental Set up

4.4 APPARATUS :
1. expEYES-17.
2. Desktop having expEYES software installed.
3. One LED.
4. One Breadboard.

5. Connecting wires.

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4.5 OBSERVATION :

Figure 11: Output Waveform

4.6 CONCLUSION :
◦
There is a 180 phase difference between input and output waveform.

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