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Sunday, January 10, 2016
Can the death of a human being make atonement for sins?
By Sam Shamoun
In the previous discussion, we saw how Yahweh utterly detests it when someone desires to share in
Yahweh's exalted status over creation, or applies the phrase "I am he" to himself. We are now going to see
how the Messiah is portrayed as sharing in Yahweh’s unique transcendence over the entire creation and is
identified as the “I Am He” that became flesh.
This short post is intended to supplement the following article where I documented from the Hebrew Bible
that God does in fact accept human “sacrifice” as a means of atonement, specifically the death of the
wicked:
Judaism and Human Sacrifice as a Means of Atonement
According to the book of Deuteronomy, Yahweh had instructed his people to utterly destroy any Israelite
city that has turned away from the Lord their God, since this would serve as a burnt offering which would
remove God’s righteous wrath and judgment from the nation:
“If you hear in one of your cities, which the LORD your God gives you to dwell there, that certain
base fellows have gone out among you and have drawn away the inhabitants of the city, saying,
'Let us go and serve other gods,' which you have not known, then you shall inquire and make
search and ask diligently; and behold, if it be true and certain that such an abominable thing has
been done among you, you shall surely put the inhabitants of that city to the sword, destroying it
utterly, all who are in it and its cattle, with the edge of the sword. You shall gather all its spoil into
the midst of its open square, and burn the city and all its spoil with fire, as a whole burnt offering
(kalil) to the LORD your God; it shall be a heap for ever, it shall not be built again. None of the
devoted things shall cleave to your hand; that the LORD may turn from the fierceness of his
anger, and show you mercy, and have compassion on you, and multiply you, as he swore to your
fathers, if you obey the voice of the LORD your God, keeping all his commandments which I
command you this day, and doing what is right in the sight of the LORD your God.” Deuteronomy
13:12-18 Revised Standard Version (RSV)
Now compare this with the following Jewish translations:
And thou shalt gather all the spoil of it into the midst of the broad place thereof, and shall burn
with fire the city, and all the spoil thereof every whit, unto HaShem thy G-d; and it shall be a heap
for ever; it shall not be built again. And there shall cleave nought of the devoted thing to thy hand,
that HaShem may turn from the fierceness of His anger, and show thee mercy, and have
compassion upon thee, and multiply thee, as He hath sworn unto thy fathers; when thou shalt
hearken to the voice of HaShem thy G-d, to keep all His commandments which I command thee
this day, to do that which is right in the eyes of HaShem thy G-d. Deuteronomy 13:17-19 Jewish
Publication Society 1917 (JPS).
And:
Gather all [the city's] goods to its central square, and burn the city along with all its goods,
[almost] like a sacrifice to God your Lord. [The city] shall then remain an eternal ruin, never
again to be rebuilt. Let nothing that has been declared taboo there remain in your hands. God will
then have mercy on you, and reverse any display of anger that might have existed. In His mercy,
He will make you flourish, just as He promised your fathers. You will have obeyed God your Lord,
keeping all the commandments that I prescribe to you today, and doing what is morally right in
the eyes of God your Lord. Deuteronomy 13:17-19 Aryeh Kaplan
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Thompson vs. Roman Catholic)
- Papal Primacy and Canon Debate
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- Is Justification by Faith Alone?
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Dimond)
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The Hebrew word kalil is translated as whole burnt offering in other contexts: 14 f 🐦
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“They shall teach Jacob thy ordinances, and Israel thy law; they shall put incense before thee, and
whole burnt offering (wa’kalil) upon thy altar.” Deuteronomy 33:10 RSV
They shall teach Jacob Thine ordinances, and Israel Thy law; they shall put incense before Thee,
and whole burnt-offering upon Thine altar. (JPS).
Here is how the late rabbi Aryeh Kaplan translated this particular text:
They shall [therefore] teach your law to Jacob, and your Torah to Israel. They shall place incense
in Your presence and consume sacrifices on Your altar. Kaplan.
And here is his note:
In Your presence
(Targum; Saadia). Literally, 'in Your nostrils.' Or, 'to [assuage] Your anger' (Abarbanel; Malbim;
Septuagint; cf. Numbers 17:11).
Hence, all these verses and statements make it apparent that the death of humans, speci ically
the wicked, can and does atone or appease God’s wrath.
This is further confirmed in the Talmud, which explains that according to Deuteronomy 13:12-18 God
accepts the destruction of the wicked as a whole burnt offering which then turns away his just and
righteous anger:
MISHNAH. THE INHABITANTS OF A SEDUCED CITY HAVE NO PORTION IN THE WORLD
TO COME, AS IT IS WRITTEN, CERTAIN MEN, THE CHILDREN OF BELIAL, ARE GONE OUT
FROM AMONG YOU, AND HAVE WITHDRAWN THE INHABITANTS OF THEIR CITY. THEY
ARE NOT EXECUTED UNLESS THE SEDUCERS ARE OF THAT CITY AND THAT TRIBE, AND
THE MAJORITY THEREOF ARE SEDUCED, AND THE SEDUCERS ARE MEN. IF WOMEN OR
MINORS SEDUCED IT, IF A MINORITY WERE SEDUCED, OR IF THE SEDUCERS WERE
FROM WITHOUT THE CITY, THEY ARE TREATED AS INDIVIDUALS, AND TWO
WITNESSES AND A FORMAL WARNING ARE NECESSARY FOR EACH [OFFENDER]. IN
THIS [THE PENALTY OF] INDIVIDUALS IS SEVERER THAN [THAT OF] A MULTITUDE, FOR
INDIVIDUALS ARE STONED, THEREFORE THEIR PROPERTY IS SAVED; BUT MULTITUDES
ARE DECAPITATED; HENCE THEIR POSSESSIONS ARE DESTROYED.
THOU SHALT SURELY SMITE THE INHABITANTS OF THAT CITY WITH THE EDGE OF THE
SWORD. A COMPANY OF ASS-DRIVERS OR CAMEL-DRIVERS PASSING FROM PLACE TO
PLACE SAVES IT. DESTROYING IT UTTERLY, AND ALL THAT IS THEREIN, AND THE
CATTLE THEREOF: FROM THIS IT WAS DEDUCED THAT THE PROPERTY OF THE
RIGHTEOUS, WHICH IS WITHIN [THE CITY] IS DESTROYED, BUT THAT WHICH IS
WITHOUT IS SAVED, WHILST THAT OF THE WICKED, WHETHER WITHIN OR WITHOUT,
IS DESTROYED. AND THOU SHALT GATHER ALL THE SPOIL THEREOF IN TO THE MIDST
OF THE PUBLIC SQUARE THEREOF ETC. IF IT HAD NO PUBLIC SQUARE, ONE IS MADE
FOR IT; IF IT WAS [SITUATED] WITHOUT [THE TOWN], IT IS BROUGHT WITHIN IT, AS IT
IS SAID, AND THOU SHALT BURN WITH FIRE THE CITY, AND ALL THE SPOIL THEREOF
EVERY WHIT, FOR THE LORD THY GOD.
THE SPOIL THEREOF' IMPLIES, BUT NOT THE SPOIL OF HEAVEN. HENCE IT WAS RULED,
THE HOLY OBJECTS THEREIN MUST BE REDEEMED; THE TERUMOTH ALLOWED TO
ROT; AND THE SECOND TITHE AND THE SACRED WRITINGS HIDDEN. A WHOLE-
OFFERING FOR THE LORD THY GOD: R. SIMEON SAID: THE HOLY ONE, BLESSED BE
HE, DECLARED, IF YE EXECUTE JUDGMENT UPON THE SEDUCED CITY, I WILL
ASCRIBE MERIT TO YOU AS THOUGH YE HAD SACRIFICED TO ME A WHOLE
OFFERING. AND IT SHALL BE A HEAP FOR EVER: [HENCE] IT MAY NOT BE CONVERTED
INTO GARDENS AND ORCHARDS: THIS IS THE VIEW OF R. JOSE THE GALILEAN. R. AKIBA
MAINTAINED: IT SHALL NOT BE BUILT AGAIN [IMPLIES] THAT IT MAY NOT BE REBUILT
AS IT WAS, BUT MAY BE CONVERTED INTO GARDENS AND ORCHARDS. AND THERE
SHALL CLEAVE NOUGHT OF THE CURSED THING TO THINE HAND: [THAT THE LORD
MAY TURN FROM THE FIERCENESS OF HIS WRATH, AND SHEW THEE MERCY]: AS LONG
AS THE WICKED EXIST IN THE WORLD, THERE IS FIERCE ANGER IN THE WORLD; WHEN
THE WICKED PERISH FROM THE WORLD, FIERCE ANGER DISAPPEARS FROM THE
WORLD. (BabylonianTalmud, Tractate Sanhedrin 111b; bold, colored and under line
emphasis ours)
So much for the oft-repeated assertion by both disbelieving Jews and Muslims that God does not
accept the forfeiting of human life as a means of making atonement.
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Examination of Mark 2:26, Part 2
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- Heaven vs. Jannah: Assessing the
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Catholicism

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Protestants the Bible?
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and Penance
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- Justification is by Faith Alone:
Issues and Evidence
- “Works” and “Works of the Law”
in Paul: Interacting with Modern
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-Peter Dimond’s Not-So-Stunning
Acts 15 Video
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dikaiosune - Plus Debate Challenge
- Responding to
catholicapologetics.info’s “Some
Tough Questions for Protestants”
- An Articulation of Sola Scriptura:
The Biblical Basis for the Sufficiency
of the Holy Scriptures
- Questions Regarding the Mass
- Catholic Misuse of Genesis 3:15
- Is The Jewish Apocrypha Inspired
Scripture? Pt. 1
- Is The Jewish Apocrypha Inspired
Scripture? Pt. 2
- Is The Jewish Apocrypha Inspired
Scripture? Pt. 3
- Appendix: Addressing Some
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- The Bible and Slavery: Answering

“Atheists”
- Failure of False Religions to
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-Youtube Pelagian Sinless Perfection
Cult Redefines Sin
-Whalid Shoebat’s Son’s “Christian
Militancy” Teaching Refuted
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Antichrist” Theory Debunked
- Jesus' Imputed Righteousness: An
Exegetical Case
- Refutation of Jesse Morrell’s
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- Refutation of Jesse Morrell's
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- Assessing the Isaiah 7:14 Virgin
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