/DPDQWHTXLOOD 











/DPDQWHTXLOOD


'HILQLFLyQ

6HJ~Q OD 2UGHQ GH OD 3UHVLGHQFLD GHO *RELHUQR GH  GH HQHUR GH  %2(  GHO  GH PDU]R \
SRVWHULRUHVPRGLILFDFLRQHV%2(GHGHQRYLHPEUHGH%2(GHGHGLFLHPEUHGH
\%2(GHGHPDU]RGHVHGHILQHTXH

³0DQWHTXLOOD HV HO SURGXFWR JUDVR REWHQLGR H[FOXVLYDPHQWH GH OHFKH R QDWD GH YDFD
KLJLHQL]DGDV´

³0DQWHTXLOODGHVXHURHVHOSURGXFWRJUDVRREWHQLGRGHOVXHURKLJLHQL]DGRTXHQRFRQWHQJD
QLQJXQDRWUDJUDVDPiVTXHODGHODOHFKHGHYDFD´

/DPDQWHTXLOODVHREWLHQHDSDUWLUGHODQDWDPHGLDQWHXQSURFHVRGHEDWLGRTXHWUDQVIRUPDODHPXOVLyQ
JUDVDHQDJXDRZHQODHPXOVLyQGHDJXDHQJUDVDZRTXHHVODPDQWHTXLOOD\ODHOLPLQDFLyQGH
XQDSDUWHGHODJXD\GHORVFRPSRQHQWHVVROXEOHVTXHHVHOVXHURGHPDQWHTXHUtDRODPD]DGD


&RPSRVLFLyQ

/DFRPSRVLFLyQGHODPDQWHTXLOODVHJ~QODOHJLVODFLyQTXHVHFLWDHQHODSDUWDGRDQWHULRUHVXQ
PtQLPR GH JUDVD GH OD OHFKH \ XQ Pi[LPR GHO  GH DJXD XQ H[WUDFWR VHFR PDJUR GH ODOHFKHGH
SURFHGHQFLDPi[LPRGHOPDVDPDVD(OUHVWDQWHSXHGHVHUVDO


7HFQRORJtDGHIDEULFDFLyQGHODPDQWHTXLOOD

$QWHV GH HPSH]DU D H[SRQHU OD WHFQRORJtD GH IDEULFDFLyQ GH OD PDQWHTXLOOD HV FRQYHQLHQWH KDFHUXQ
UHSDVRGHODFRPSRVLFLyQGHODJUDVDGHODOHFKH\GHODHVWUXFWXUDGHOJOyEXORJUDVRDSDUWDGR
GHOFDStWXOR/DJUDVDGHODOHFKHVHHQFXHQWUDRUJDQL]DGDHQIRUPDGHJOyEXORVJUDVRVHQORVTXH
ORV WULJOLFpULGRV HVWiQ URGHDGRV GH XQD PHPEUDQD IRUPDGD SRU IRVIROtSLGRV SURWHtQDV SDUWtFXODV
OLSRSURWHLFDV\RWUDVVXEVWDQFLDVFRPRYLWDPLQDV\HQ]LPDVHVWDPHPEUDQDSURWHJHDORVWULJOLFpULGRV
GHVHUKLGUROL]DGRVXR[LGDGRVSRUORVHQ]LPDVXRWUDVVXEVWDQFLDVSUHVHQWHVHQODOHFKH(QHOLQWHULRU

© Los autores, 2004; © Edicions UPC, 2004

 3URGXFWRVOiFWHRV7HFQRORJtD 

GHOJOyEXORJUDVRORVWULJOLFpULGRVVHRUGHQDQGHOLQWHULRUKDFLDHOH[WHULRUHQIXQFLyQGHVXSXQWRGH
IXVLyQGHPDQHUDTXHORVPiVLQVDWXUDGRVVHVLW~DQHQHOFHQWUR\ORVPiVVDWXUDGRVKDFLDHOH[WHULRU
>9(,6@ HV GHFLU OD JUDVD PiV OtTXLGD RFXSD HO FHQWUR \ OD PiV VyOLGD HO H[WHULRU (O WLSR GH
WULJOLFpULGRV TXH SRGHPRV HQFRQWUDU HQ HO LQWHULRU GHO JOyEXOR JUDVR HV PX\ YDULDEOH VHJ~Q $ODLV
>$/$,@VHKDQGHVFULWRPiVGHWULJOLFpULGRVGLIHUHQWHVSUHVHQWHVHQODOHFKH(OKHFKRGHTXH
XQD GHWHUPLQDGD OHFKH FRQWHQJD XQRV X RWURV GHSHQGH IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH GH OD DOLPHQWDFLyQ \ GH OD
HVSHFLHDQLPDODVXYH]ODDOLPHQWDFLyQYDUtDFRQODpSRFDGHODxRSRUHVRVHKDEODGHODVQDWDVGH
LQYLHUQR\GHODVQDWDVGHYHUDQR

/DFRPSRVLFLyQHQWULJOLFpULGRVGHODJUDVDGHODOHFKHHVHVSHFLDOPHQWHLPSRUWDQWHHQODHODERUDFLyQ
GHPDQWHTXLOODVSRUTXHXQRGHORVDWULEXWRVGHFDOLGDGRUJDQROpSWLFD\GHXVRGHHVWHSURGXFWRHVOD
FRQVLVWHQFLD TXH GHSHQGH GHO WLSRGHWULJOLFpULGRV\GHOQ~PHUR\WDPDxRGHVXVFULVWDOHV7DPELpQ
KD\TXHFRQVLGHUDUODFRQVLVWHQFLDGHODPDQWHTXLOODHQUHODFLyQDOGLVHxRGHODPDTXLQDULDSRUODTXH
FLUFXODUiHOSURGXFWR

'LDJUDPDGHIOXMRGHODIDEULFDFLyQGHPDQWHTXLOOD


1DWD


'HVDFLGLILFDFLyQ
2SHUDFLyQ2SFLRQDO

3DVWHXUL]DFLyQ
ž&VHJRž&VHJ

'HVJDVLILFDFLyQ
2SHUDFLyQ2SFLRQDO

0DGXUDFLyQ
)tVLFDR%LROyJLFD

%DWLGR 0D]DGD

/DYDGR

0DOD[DGR

6DODGR
2SHUDFLyQ2SFLRQDO

(QYDVDGR

0DQWHTXLOOD

© Los autores, 2004; © Edicions UPC, 2004