1.

1 Background

More than 6.7 billion people live on Earth and grow 80 million annually. The impact of this increasing
human population makes serious concerns that cause many problems (Cunningham and
Cunningham, 2004). Natural resources contained in the earth is very limited while many living things
other than humans who consume them. Although natural resources can be renewable but not a few
non-renewable natural resources.

Indonesia is a country that has abundant natural wealth from Sabang to Merauke. According to the
mandate of the 1945 Constitution of article 33, "Earth and water and the wealth contained therein
are controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people". People's prosperity
becomes the government's mandate to manage the natural resources (Inside, 2013).

The management of mineral and energy resources in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister
of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia No. 01 of 2014 all aim to take
advantage of mineral resources in Indonesia with certain limits without damaging or threatening the
environmental sustainability around them.

The phenomenon of energy scarcity in the country is still a major problem faced by the community in
the national development process which is not solely due to lack of production but is caused by the
weak policy that regulates the system and mechanism of national energy utilization for the benefit of
the people (Inside, 2013).

SUGGESTION

1. Students should be able to seek insight and knowledge more accurate, developing and current.

2. It is expected that students can improve creativity in the preparation of papers.

3. It is expected that students can be more wise in the use of energy resources.

Bibliography

Cunningham, W.P. Dan Cunningham, M.A. 2004. Principles Of Environmental Science

Inquirand Application. International Edition. Boston: Mcgraw Hill.

Inside, Pgn. 2013. Pgn Inside Edisi 59. Jakarta : Pt Perusahaan Gas Nusantara (Pesero)Tbk
Positive and negative impacts of mining activities

Mining is a series of activities in the context of searching, mining (excavation), processing, utilization
and sale of minerals (minerals, coal, geothermal, oil and gas).

The impact of mining is divided into two namely, positive impact and negative impact.

1) Positive Impact

o To the environment

increased foreign exchange of state and local revenue and also accommodate labor.

o the surrounding community can get a job from the mine.

o Economic and Human Resources Side

It can not be denied either directly or indirectly in large part by mining activities and the
existence of mining companies in a region will have a systematic impact on the economic aspect of
the people of the area.

This can be seen from the increase in monthly income of the community around the mining
company. Increased revenue is due to the acceptance of manpower conducted by the company to
support operational activities. Includes managerial personnel, technical mine, technical operations
and support personnel support.

o Supplying Energy Requirement.

Mining activities by mining companies, especially mining of mining materials that use
eventually as a direct source of energy, will have an impact on increasing demand for energy supply
especially in the area and in other areas widely.

o Spur Development.

Development in the mining and mining companies will continue to grow rapidly in line with
the mining activities themselves. The development of infrastructure in support of mining activities
will surely lead to increased development in the area in order to support the needs of the company
and its own mining activities starting from the social, health, economic and other aspects.

As explained earlier the mining activity itself will stimulate the development of user
companies from the mining material itself which will sustainably impact the needs of social
infrastructure such as places of worship, the economy of banking and markets, and educational
facilities.

o the mining industry is one of the largest pandapatan of a State,

o the mining industry produces most of the human needs in the "WORLD".
o the mining industry prepares jobs for the community and reduces unemployment.

o raising the name of the State in international circles.

2) Negative Impact

o Mining activities occurring in forest areas may damage forest ecosystems, which may result in
environmental damage in the form of water, soil, and air pollution caused by foreign objects as a
result of human actions, resulting in the environment not functioning as before.

o Mining business in a relatively short time can change the shape of topography and the state of the
land (land impact), so it can change the balance of ecological systems for the surrounding area.

o Pollution due to dust and smoke contaminating air and water, waste water, tailings (waste waste)
and mine waste containing toxic substances.

o Noise from various heavy equipment.

o mining undertaken regardless of occupational safety and geological conditions of the field, may
cause landslides, mining explosions, mine collapse and earthquakes.

o Kebisisngan

o Air pollution

o Reduced surface of the earth

o Environmental damage and health problems caused by the mining process and its use.

o Social impacts in society

Disruption of the flow of public roads, land conflicts to socio-cultural shifts in society.

o Damage to ex-mining land.

o Destruction of plantation and agricultural land.

o Opening forest areas into mining areas.

o In the long term, mining is the largest contributor of the most critical land that is difficult to restore
in accordance with its original function.

o Pollution of land, water or air.

o Damage of ponds and coral reefs on the coast.

o Flood, landslide, partial loss of biodiversity.

o Toxic acid mine water which, if drained into an ultimately marine river, will damage coastal
ecosystems and coastal resources.

o Causes various diseases and disrupts health

o Facilities such as roads are heavily damaged.