Sunni-Shi'a Split Beliefs & Traditions

Muhammad
 Split occurs after the
 Muhammad - Last & Greatest of the  Monotheistic – 1 God – Allah
death of Ali – last of
Prophets  5 Pillars
the Rightly Guided
 The Revelations – delivered by the o Faith, Hajj (Pilgrimage), Prayer,
Caliphs
Angel Gabriel Alms (Charity), Fasting
 Sunni & Shi’a (Shi’ite)
 Begins preaching in Mecca  Ramadan – Holy Month
 Sufis –Mystical Sect
 The Hijrah (Heigra) migration to  Qur’an (Koran) – Holy Book
Yathrib (Medina – City of the Prophet)  Acceptance of Judeo-Christian
Sunni Shi’a
 Muhammad returns to Mecca; Prophets (Abraham, Moses, Jesus)
Caliph? Any Righteous Descendant of Ali
declares a Jihad (Holy War)
Muslim & Fatima  People of the Book – Jews/Christians
 Destroys idols at Ka’aba Majority Minority

Contributions
Geography -
Spread of Islam Islamic  Architecture – Dome of the Rock:
Minarets
 Begins on Arabian Peninsula Civilization  Mosaics - borrowed from Byzantine
 Mecca – Holiest City Empire
 Translation of Ancient Texts into
 Medina – “City of the Prophet”
Arabic
 Jerusalem – 3rd Holiest City
 Arabic Numerals (Adapted from
 Rightly Guided Caliphs – spreads India)
Islam to Persia & North Africa  Al-Jabr – Algebra
 Umayyad Dynasty – capital  Advances in Medicine
Damascus – spreads to Spain &  Literature
India o Thousand and One Nights
 Battle of Tours (732 CE) – stops o The Rubiyat – Omar Khayyam
expansion into Europe.  Calligraphy
 Abbasid Dynasty – capital moves to  Advances in Cartography (map
making)
Baghdad
 Universities (House of Wisdom)
 Mongols attack Baghdad (1258)