Certificate E-Course on Smart Cities Planning and Development

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Smart City Definitions
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T e Lecture 2
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G Dimensions of Smart Cities
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 Dimension of Smart Cities
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Contents
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• The concept of a smart city across globe
• Smart city definitions
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Key pillars of smart cities (i)
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• Key pillars of smart cities (ii)
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Global smart city initiatives

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 Global debates around ‘Smart Cities’
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‘Self-congratulatory’ nature of the claims cities make to

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be smart linked to the image-building and city
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marketing campaigns of the 1990s and the competition
this sparked among cities.
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Using such an ill-defined notion to spearhead yet
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another marketing campaign such strategies are almost
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exclusively entrepreneurial in outlook, undermining the
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more collaborative and consensus building aspirations of
the networking paradigm.
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 Understanding Concepts and Discourse …the
Genesis in Global North
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Intelligent/digital cities (90s)
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Eco/Sustainable cities (80s)
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vs. Smart Cities

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Future cities (90s)

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Green Cities (90s)
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Shift ofjnarrative
fromutechnology as an end in itself to means ?
from efficiency to quality of life ?
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and from physical to interpenetration of digital and physical ?
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Understanding Concepts and Discourse …the
Genesis in Global North
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 Understanding meanings of the term in literature

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One of the globally most accepted definitions of a smart City is
given by Hollands ( 2008 : 308)

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‘The “utilization of networked infrastructure to improve economic

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and political efficiency and enable social, cultural, and urban
development”
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T e on business-led urban development’
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An ‘underlying emphasis

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However aconceptualization of a smart city varies across regions
G North and in Middle East…it’s a travelling concept!
of Global

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 Understanding meanings of the term in literature

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Coined by the private IT sector (IBM in 2000 but also Siemens,

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Cisco, etc) and widely used since in academic and grey literature

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A fashionable but ‘fuzzy’ concept (Caragliu et al, 2009)

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‘We believe a city to be smart when investments in human and
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T e fuel sustainable economic growth and
social capital and traditional (transport) and modern (ICT)

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communication infrastructure

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a high quality of life, with a wise management of natural

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resources, through participatory governance’ (Caragliu et al,
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2009)

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Understanding meanings of the term in literature

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 Understanding meanings of the term in literature

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•
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A strong focus on the aim to achieve the social inclusion of various urban

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residents in public services (Caragliu et al, 2009)

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A stress on the crucial role of high-tech and creative industries in long-run

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urban growth (Caragliu et al, 2009)

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• Profound attention to the role of social and relational capital in urban

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development (Caragliu et al, 2009)

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A smart city will be a city whose community has learned to learn, adapt and

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innovate (Coe et al 2001)

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GFinally, social and environmental sustainability as a major strategic
component of smart cities (Caragliu et al, 2009)

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 Understanding meanings of the term in literature

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Harvard Business School academics Rosabeth Moss Kanter and

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Stanley S. Litow have described a ‘smarter city manifesto’ as
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“With a slant towards North American cities, the authors outline

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issues such as the silo-based structures governments ended up

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with at the end of the 20th century, combined with the inability of
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governments to stretch their services over the large sprawling

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distances and conditions of the contemporary city, a weakened
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civic leadership, and a focus on delivery rather than addressing

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the cause of problems.”
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 ‘self declared’ smart cities of the world

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Self declared smart cities in the UK : Digital Birmingham, Cardiff,
Aberdeen, Southampton, Edinburgh, Manchester
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US, EU forerunners: San Diego, San Francisco, Ottawa, Brisbane,
Amsterdam, Kyoto
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Vancouver and Montreal

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ME: Masdar city in UAE

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Masdar city
in UAE

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Amsterdam city in The
Netherlands, Europe

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San Francisco,

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Cardiff, U.K

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 Smart City: Aspirations for Indian cities
( GoI, MOUD’s Concept Note)
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Quality of Life
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Prioritisation of safety and security, inclusiveness, entertainment, ease of

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seeking and obtaining public services, cost efficient healthcare, quality
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education, transparency, accountability and opportunities for participation

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in governance

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Sustainability
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Sustainability in concept note reflects three important pillars social

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sustainability, environmental sustainability and financial sustainability.

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Competitiveness

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It refers to a city’s ability to create employment opportunities, attract
investments, experts, professionals and people.

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 Questions
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1. Which definition of ‘Smart Cities’ is the most appropriate in
your opinion?
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2. How would you define ‘Smart Cities’?

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3. Do Smart City expectations and aspirations differ from what

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is expected from usual cities?

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