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Anchor
capping beam
Pile 4.75 m
Anchors Row-1
Row-1 4.75 m
20.18 m
Anchors Row-2
Row-2 4.68 m
Excavation Level
6.0 m
Not to scale
Notes:
1 Performance and Proof Load Tests must be performed as per FHWA recommendations
before putting the anchors into services
2 Above design is temporary system and time period of temporary system is commonly stated to be 18 to 36 months which can be
shorter or longer based on actual project conditions
Geotechnical Engineering Circular No.4 'Ground Anchors and Anchored Systems', (June
Design Approach
1999), U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
Input Data
Surcharge Load q s = 0 KN/m2
Drained Shear Strength Su = 60 kPa
Proposed Dia of Pile = 0.6 m
Proposed c/c spacing of Piles (Sp) = 1.05 m
1.0625 m
c/c spacing of anchors
Proposed spacing of Anchors (S h) = 1.0625 m
Soil type = Silty‐Clay
Relative Density/SPT blows = Hard (21‐40)
No of Anchors to be used = 2
H5 = 0m H6 = 0m
Design Out put
d = 0.6
Embedment Length = 1m
Selected Pile Dia = 0.6 m
No of Strands provided in 1st anchor = 1
No of Strands provided in 2nd anchor = 1
Design Calculations
Step‐1 2/3H1
4Su
KA 1 m 7.89
H
= 0.1536 TH2
Pressure due to Soil 2/3Hn+1
3.12
0 . 30 K H 2
P A
e H H Pe Ps
H 1 n 1
3 3
= 16.79 KN/m2
Pressure due to Surcharge
ps K A qs = 0.00 KN/m2
Horizontal Anchor Loads
For Doubly Anchored
2 H H
TH1 H1 2 Pe H1 2 Ps = 93.0 KN/m 6.37 k/ft
3 2 2
H 23 H H
TH 2 2 H 3 Pe 2 3 Ps = 77.5 KN/m 5.31 k/ft
2 48 2 2
Anchor Design
Anchor Design Loads & Bonded Length
TH 1 S A
DL 1 = 105.2 KN Bond Length Required = BL1 = 2.63 m
Cos
TH 2 S A
DL 2 = 87.639 KN Bond Length Required = BL2 = 2.191 m
Cos
Design of Unbonded Length
Larger of
i) Distance up to Failure plane plus 1.5 m or 0.2H m
ii) 4.5m
4.75 m ce
urfa
UBL1 = 10.6 m S
re
ilu
(UBL) Fa
14.178 m
4.75 m
10.6 m
UBL2 = 6.75 m
(UBL)
6.75 m 0.2H = 2.835 m
4.68 m
45 o
Strand Design
Fraction of Ultimate Strand to be used = 0.6
Allowable prestressing anchor force per Strand = 0.6fuAs
= 110.15 KN
1st Anchor Load = 105.2 KN
Required No. of Strands, n = 0.9551
Provide Number of Strands = 1
2nd Anchor Load = 87.639 KN
Required No. of Strands, n = 0.7956
Provide Number of Strands = 1
Design of Embedment Length
Factor of safety = 2
Embedment Length Selected = 1m
For detailed Calculations see "Embedment Length Clay" Sheet
Structural Design of Piles/Soldier Beams
Singly Anchored Piles
2
13 2 H
M1 H 1 Pe 1 Ps
54 2
= N/A KN‐m
Point of Zero Shear
x
1
9
26 H 2 52 HH 1
= N/A m
2
R HPe H Ps T1
3
= N/A KN/m
Mid‐Span Moment = M ms Rx
Pe .x 3 Px
s H 2 H 1 x.H 2
4H H 1 2 H 2
2 2
= N/A KN‐m
Multi Anchored Piles
2
13 2 H
M1 H 1 Pe 1 Ps
54 2
= 91.2 KN‐M/M
M2
1
H 2,3,4 2 Pe Ps
10
= 37.88 KN‐M/M
Max. Moment = 91.196 KN‐M/M = 20.493 Kip‐ft/ft
Design Moment= Max. moment x C/C Spacing of Soldier Piles x 1.6
112.96 Kip‐ft
*Nominal Capacity of 2ft dia Pile (with 10‐#8 bars evenly distributed around parameter)
at Zero Axial Load other than self weight is as under
Mu/ФMn = 44% OK
Embedment Length Calculations using WANG‐REES (1986) Method (Clays)
Design of Retention System for the proposed PLT, Blue Area, Islamabad
Unit Weight of soil () = 20 KN/m3
Height of soldier beam above final excavation level (H) = 14.2 m
Drilled shaft diamater (b) = 0.6 m
Drilled Shaft C/C Spacing (S) = 1.05 m
Clear Spacing B/w drilled shafts (Sc) = 0.45 m
Su = 60 kPa
Hn 1 H
Subgrade Reaction force ( R ) =
pe n 1 p s = 39.27 KN/m
2 2
Wedge Wedge
Rankine Minimum
Scr Resistance Resistance Group Flow Resistance Total Passive Factor of
Toe Depth Continuous WANG‐REES
WANG REES
(E B 9)
(Eq.B‐9) Sigle Pile Effect (Eq‐B‐ EEq‐B‐12
B 12 FForce (W‐R)
(W R) SSafety
f t
(Eq. B‐13) Resistance
(Eq‐B‐8) 10)
(m) (KN/m) (KN/m) (KN/m) (KN/m) (KN/m) (KN/m)