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ULTIMATE
GUIDE TO
GLOBAL
EXPANSION
Make your growth goals a reality by taking a
modern approach to global expansion
1
Part 1 Foreword
Part 2 The Importance of Global Expansion
Part 5 Conclusion
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION
Part Foreword
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It’s your company’s turn to embark on international
expansion and take your business into the global
marketplace. Maybe it’s your first attempt at global
expansion and you don’t quite know where to start.
Or perhaps you’ve done it before and can’t shake
the feeling that there must be a better way.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 1
These ideas apply to international expansion based on the theory that companies should not have
to invest exorbitant amounts of time and money into setting up a foreign subsidiary, just to test
their potential in a new market or capitalize on a unique opportunity. Instead, companies should
place a small team in-country immediately to test the market and evaluate the potential for long-term
commitment. If both the market and model prove fruitful over time, then companies can consider setting
up a foreign entity. However, companies looking to tap into new talent pools or keep a light presence in a
country might discover that setting up a foreign subsidiary is not always the right choice. Now, more and
more companies are discovering that modern expansion methods can serve their global needs for the
entirety of their business lifecycle.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION
Part
2
The Importance of
Global Expansion
Global expansion has become a necessity for
companies looking to continue their growth in
today’s competitive landscape.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 2
1
1. Establish New Revenue Streams
According to a recent report from
If your business is performing well domestically, then you
Mazars, 45% of mid-market
are already in a better position to find success in global
company executives interviewed
markets and diversify your revenue sources. A new
said they generate more than half
customer base comes with different wants and needs,
of their revenue internationally.
creating a unique opportunity for your business to fill a gap
in the local market.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 2
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION
Part Developing a
3
Successful Strategy
The first step to a successful global expansion is
creating a comprehensive strategy that puts your
business in a position to make its global growth goals a
reality. As you build your global strategy, ask yourself:
Why is my company considering global expansion?
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 3
We have compiled the following list of tips to help your company build
a plan for sustainable global growth.
While this list is not all-encompassing, these simple pointers will help your company successfully plan
your global expansion.
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1. Develop Entry and Exit Strategies
Before entering a market, it is important to familiarize yourself with the requirements for
entering and exiting the market compliantly. The right entry plan can put your company in a better
position to act immediately when it is time to build a team in a new market. Depending on your
expansion method, shutting down operations in a country can be a big challenge. For example, it
typically takes two full years to get governmental sign off to close a Chinese subsidiary. By beginning
your expansion with a strategy that takes entry and exit into consideration, you put your company in a
better position to avoid the challenges associated with exiting a foreign market.
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2. Utilize an Agile Approach
In terms of global expansion, Agile refers to a strategy that takes small steps towards its long-term
goals, allowing companies to adapt their practices in order to better thrive in new foreign markets.
Before making a permanent commitment to a country, companies are advised to test the market to ensure
there is potential for long-term success and that the market justifies further investment in infrastructure
and fixed assets. Companies that enter new markets with an agile approach tend to experience increased
productivity and are able to maximize their return on investment in a shorter time period.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 3
THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 3
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3. Hire Local Nationals
Human capital is extremely valuable and can be a company’s best resource in a new foreign market.
Local employees are incredibly valuable and can help you identify untapped opportunities, evaluate market
penetration plans on a day-to-day basis, and make adjustments to your company’s strategy when necessary.
Hiring local talent gives your company access to local expertise and insights that can help you better understand
the employment environment and cultural expectations in foreign countries.
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4. Test the Market
Invest time in researching and learning the cultural dynamics and nuances in your target market and
mold your brand strategy around the expectations and desires of your new audience. This includes localizing
your brand messaging to ensure information is communicated appropriately and adjusting your products and
services to fit the cultural differences.
To test the viability of your product or service with new customers in a new geographic location, work with an
in-country partner or send team members to research your target market and evaluate how your product or
service will be received by local consumers.
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5. Partner Up
Before expanding globally, companies have
to familiarize themselves with a large volume
of information in regards to employment
regulations, all of which can be challenging to stay
updated on. Ignorance of in-country operating
procedures can lead to liabilities ranging from
mild to absolute show-stoppers. One company
lost almost $350,000 USD for having misclassified
just one independent contractor who had been
operating like a full-time employee. Instances like
this are extremely common and showcase the
ways in which companies can benefit from the
expertise of a global partner.
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THE PART 3
THEULTIMATE
ULTIMATEGUIDE TO TO
GUIDE GLOBAL EXPANSION
GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 3
In the following section, we define the above employment methods and explore the benefits and challenges
associated with each to help you determine the best fit for your global needs.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION
Part
4
Understanding Your
Hiring Options
Depending on your growth goals and expectations,
some international hiring options will be more
beneficial to your company than others.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
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1. Foreign Independent Contractors
What should be considered a stopgap solution at best, the use of foreign independent contractors is the most
common international employment compliance trap. There are certain situations where using this option has
minimal risk: one-off design jobs, project-based work with a clear start and stop date, or project-based
research that doesn’t expose business-critical IP. However, despite these potential benefits, noncompliance
due to contractor misclassification is exceedingly common. In fact, 95% of the “independent contractor”
relationships we’ve been presented with over the years are noncompliant.
Autonomous Contractor: An individual who works for your firm in a foreign country without
oversight. An agreement, preferably local to that country, defines this employment relationship.
Project-Based Through Agency: An individual who is hired for work in-country by an agency, which
represents a company located outside of the country of operation.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
Benefits
Potential Cost Savings: Even though many employers pay independent contractors more money per hour,
businesses save money on benefits, office space, and equipment. While permanent employees are entitled to
benefits such as paid time off (PTO) and health care, independent contractors are only entitled to receive their
hourly wage and are responsible for their own tax withholdings. If done correctly, overall payroll savings can be
up to 20% when using contractors.
Highly Qualified, Flexible Workers: Contractors are usually experts in their trade and their high-quality work
can help get business operations off to a great start when entering a new market. Plus, contractors are typically
more flexible with their schedule and willing to adapt to meet your needs.
Downsides
Misclassified Employment: The most common issue associated with independent
contractors is that companies find top talent internationally and “contract” them as
a full-time equivalent, treating them in every way like a domestic full-time
employee minus the foreign labor law compliance. Even though you call these
individuals "contractors," local labor courts will classify them as full-time
employees and will penalize you for noncompliance.
Inability to Sponsor Work Permits: Companies cannot sponsor work permits that
allow foreign nationals to work in a country if they do not have a legal presence in
that country. Work permits can only be applied for and sponsored by local entities.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
• Clearly establish the independence of the contractor from your company in your contractor agreement
• Ensure the contractor operates independently of company oversight
• Do not require contractors to work full-time or on a set schedule
• Make sure contractors provide their own equipment and workspace
• Do not provide contractors with the same benefits given to full-time employees
• Avoid non-compete provisions in contractor agreements as a non-compete clause creates a
presumption of an employment agreement in some countries
If you are already utilizing foreign independent contractors, make sure you sign each contractor to a
locally-compliant contractor agreement and regularly monitor the relationship and activities. If the
contractor is not operating as a true contractor or if you’re operating in a country that doesn’t recognize
contractor arrangements, then you need to look at other employment options. These include setting up a
foreign subsidiary or utilizing International PEO, both of which are explained in the following pages.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
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2. Non-Resident Employer (NRE)
While not as widely utilized, registering as an NRE gives companies the option of entering select foreign
markets without setting up a foreign subsidiary. Being classified as an NRE allows companies to gain
local insight to business practices and save money when compared to setting up a foreign entity.
What is an NRE?
A Non-Resident Employer is a local registration that gives companies an in-country Tax ID, allowing them to
legally onboard employees in their new country of operation and fulfill in-country tax obligations. NREs are
only available in certain countries throughout the world and go by different names depending on the
country of operation. Most commonly utilized in the European Union, this employment method enables
companies to take on projects and operations with workers in multiple countries without having to set up a
foreign subsidiary.
Benefits
In-Country Tax ID: Having a Tax ID allows you to remit employer contributions to the government.
In a few countries, you may also be able to register for supplementary benefits through an
insurance carrier with a Tax ID.
Fewer Regulatory and Reporting Requirements: Since an NRE is not a full legal entity, the regulatory
reporting requirements are typically less than an entity. One major example is reduced annual tax
filing requirements.
Cost-Effective: NREs are typically less expensive and allow for faster market entry when compared
to setting up a legal entity. Additionally, NREs enable companies to test their potential in a new
market before making a permanent, long-term commitment.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
Downsides
Compliance Risks: NREs are often scrutinized for tax avoidance and
noncompliance. These structures are “low-hanging fruit” for tax auditors.
Limited Time Frames: Although actual time frames vary in each country, as a
general rule you can typically only have employees under an NRE for a
maximum of six months. For companies using NREs as a bridge solution while
establishing a legal entity, be aware of time constraints to ensure the entity is
up and running before time runs out.
• Know how long you are able to maintain a legal presence in-country through an NRE
• Have a plan to transition to a more permanent solution once you have reached the allotted time frame
• Ensure you understand the reporting requirements as it is difficult to maintain compliance with this option
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3. Foreign Subsidiary Establishment
Traditionally, global expansion meant setting up a permanent foreign subsidiary in order to hire
employees and establish a presence within a new foreign market. Foreign entity establishment is the best
option for companies that are committed to a country’s market long-term, plan to hire a large headcount,
have an extensive budget, are in an industry with strict regulatory requirements, and/or have the option
to delay hire time.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
Benefits
Highest Level of Compliance: Going the extra mile to set up an entity covers a larger portion of the risk
spectrum and helps confirm companies meet all expectations set by tax regulations and bilateral tax
treaties.
True Market Presence: Establishing an entity in a foreign country allows your company to directly
contribute to the local economy. This in turn, positively influences market perception about your
commitment to that market.
Legal Enforceability: Foreign subsidiary establishment is the only option that provides true legal
recognition for your business by local governments. If you get involved with any contract issues, you and
your legal department can use the local court systems to get relief.
Physical Asset Acquisition: Foreign subsidiaries allow for physical asset holding. For industries that deal
with holding large amounts of physical assets, such as manufacturing or real estate, this may be the only
route to maintain fixed assets on their accounting records.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
Downsides
Extended Set-Up Time: Setting up a foreign entity takes an average of three to four
months. This becomes an issue if you are trying to meet a business deadline, want to
capitalize on new opportunities immediately, or want to secure a qualified candidate.
Difficult Teardown: It is very difficult to dissolve and stop operations once a foreign entity is established. If
a new hire does not work out or your company does not see the success it expected, teardown can cost
you up to three times the money and time you spent setting up the entity.
Compliance Management: Staying up-to-date with the ever-changing regulatory landscape is challenging.
When you establish a foreign subsidiary, your team is responsible for staying current on changes to all
aspects of national/regional/local tax laws, payroll withholdings, labor laws, and banking regulations.
International Banking Difficulties: To set up a foreign entity, a local bank account is required. Anti-money
laundering regulations have made setting up and maintaining foreign bank accounts an enormous challenge.
Time-Consuming On-Site Requirements: Signatories on bank accounts and corporate documents must often
be signed in-person. This creates additional complications in regards to cost and time, especially if the person
who is required to sign the documents does not live in-country.
Loss of In-Demand Candidates: You cannot hire and onboard a candidate until the foreign subsidiary is fully
operational. This means you might have to wait an upwards of four months to hire a new employee, putting
you at risk of losing the opportunity to add high-quality candidates to your team.
Local In-Country Director Requirement: A resident director is needed in order to compliantly operate a
foreign entity. Are you going to have your only sales person or country manager be the director? If they are
designated as the director and decide to completely drain your company’s foreign bank account, then you
have no legal recourse in that country. If you plan to outsource this requirement, anticipate spending at least
$10,000 USD per country, per year.
Executive Team Time Requirements: On average, executive teams spend 160 collective hours working with
legal and finance to sign off on documents, approve expenses, and set up a local bank account. Are you
willing to dedicate a month of your executive team’s time for one employee in one country?
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
When thinking about the steps listed above, note this is a waterfall-style process, meaning many of the steps
cannot be started until the previous step is completed and accepted (usually by a foreign government agency).
A similarly sequential and gated list of steps must be completed to tear down a foreign subsidiary.
Creating a foreign subsidiary is the least risky in terms of labor laws, taxes, and IP, but is the costliest in terms of
overhead. Companies often choose to go through this process when expanding globally for the first time
without fully comprehending the time and money it takes to manage these entities. Instead of jumping into a
permanent commitment right away, it is advised to take an agile approach with an option like International PEO,
which we explain in further detail in the following pages.
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4 International PEO (Professional Employer Organization)
4.
International PEO is an innovative solution that has reinvented global expansion by enabling companies to hire
employees anywhere in the world quickly, compliantly, and without the burden of establishing a foreign legal entity.
By taking advantage of the sharing economy made popular by companies like Uber and Airbnb, International PEO
allows companies to hire and onboard employees around the world in a matter of days, compared to several months
needed for entity establishment. The sharing economy is defined as a socio-economic ecosystem built around the
sharing of resources by people and organizations.
International PEO falls into this category because traditionally, companies would have to create their own subsidiary in
a target country in order to compliantly hire employees. With this model, companies are leveraging infrastructure
already created by the International PEO provider to act as the Employer of Record. This practice is often referred to as
“Employee Leasing” and allows companies to legally operate in a country without having to set up a foreign legal entity.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
This model allows your company to add full-time team members to your global operations within a matter of
days, without having to cope with the headaches, time, cost, or rigidity of managing a foreign subsidiary.
Benefits
Quick Market Entry: Once a candidate has been identified,
International PEO can have them working for you in as little as 48
hours. This solution cuts the time it takes to enter a foreign
market by up to 90% when compared to creating a foreign
subsidiary.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
Employee Benefits and Satisfaction: Your employee will receive ongoing HR support, giving them peace of
mind that employment needs are met and that they are receiving the appropriate medical and
supplemental benefits.
In-Country Expertise: Receive continuous in-country support to help you navigate local labor laws,
understand local cultures, and remain compliant in foreign markets.
Global Reach: With capabilities in over 185 countries, our global reach has got you covered.
Expatriate Employment
With International PEO, you can compliantly send team members into foreign markets to work for your
company without the overhead of a foreign subsidiary. This enables you to foster the growth of internal
employees while still exploring business potential in new markets.
H-1B Visa Challenges (for employees immigrating to the U.S. for work)
If your employees do not receive an H-1B visa, International PEO can be used as a solution to keep them
working for you from either their home country or any country supported by your International PEO provider.
If your employee receives an H-1B visa in the future, they can be easily transitioned off the International PEO
service so you can employ them directly.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 4
Downsides
Physical Asset Acquisition: This employment model does not allow you to acquire fixed assets
in-country. To remain compliant, a foreign legal entity is required for physical asset holding.
Permanent Establishment Considerations: Each country has different tax obligations for companies
depending on their nature of work. It is important to look at tax codes in your target country and
determine if and when you will have to establish an entity in order to remain compliant from a
taxable nexus perspective.
After identifying and securing a candidate, an International PEO provider like Velocity Global will:
C H O O S E T H E B E S T S O L U T I O N
FOREIGN INTERNATIONAL
CONTRACTORS NRE
SUBSIDIARY PEO
Asset Holding X
Flexibility X X X
Speed X X X
Cost X X X
Compliant X X
Enforceability X X
Risk Averse X X
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION
Part
5
Conclusion: Executing Your
Global Expansion Strategy
The time has come for a more efficient approach
to international expansion. The world is
constantly evolving and so is your competition.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION PART 5
Bring together the right resources internally to execute on the strategy. This typically includes Finance,
HR, Legal, and Operations.
Study your target country, learn the local culture and employment laws, adjust your business model
accordingly, and create a plan for entering (and potentially exiting) the market.
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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO GLOBAL EXPANSION
Velocity Global is the leading global employment solutions provider that has reinvented the way
companies expand overseas. With unparalleled expertise in over 185 countries, Velocity Global
delivers best-in-class service and innovative solutions that enable companies to feel confident
breaking into new markets. Velocity Global’s services include International PEO, global immigration,
payroll, recruiting, and consulting to help companies achieve their global growth goals. Its
International PEO solution gets companies into new markets up to 90% faster while reducing the cost
of global expansion by up to 60%. Companies trust Velocity Global to ensure a compliant, efficient,
and flexible global expansion.
+1 (303) 309-2894
Hello@VelocityGlobal.com
VelocityGlobal.com
The intent of this eBook is solely to provide general and preliminary information and shall not be construed as the basis for any decision. This eBook
has been prepared by Velocity Global as general information for private use to whom the eBook has been distributed. It is not intended as a personal
recommendation of a particular strategy, and therefore does not provide individually-tailored advice. Additionally, the information contained in this eBook
does not constitute legal advice on the consequences of making any particular decision. ©2017 Velocity Global, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
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