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Prepositions of Place are used to show the position or location of one thing with another.
In front of
Behind
Behind is the opposite of In front of. It means at the back (part) of something.
When the teacher writes on the whiteboard, the students are behind him (or her).
Who is that person behind the mask?
I slowly down because there was a police car behind me.
Between
Between normally refers to something in the middle of two objects or things (or places).
Next to / Beside
Next to and Beside mean the same thing. It usually refers to a thing (or person) that is at the
side of another thing.
Near / Close to
Near and Close to mean the same thing. It is similar to next to / beside but there is more of a
distance between the two things.
Above / Over
Above and Over have a similar meaning. The both mean "at a higher position than X"
but above normally refers to being directly (vertically) above you.
Over can also mean: physically covering the surface of something and is often used with the
word All as in All over.
Under / Below
Under and Below have a similar meaning. They mean at a lower level. (Something is above it).
Sometimes we use the word underneath instead of under and beneath instead of below. There is
no difference in meaning those they are less common nowadays.
PREPOSITIONS OF MOVEMENT
ACROSS / THROUGH
Across is movement from one side of an area, surface, or line to the other side.
ALONG / AROUND
Along is to follow a line.
Around is to go in a circular direction around some obstacle.
INTO / OUT OF
Into is to go from outside a space to inside a space.
Out of is to go from inside a space to outside a space.
The cat went into the box. The cat jumped out of the box.
ONTO / OFF
Onto and off refer to surfaces, differently from into / out of (which refer to enclosed spaces):
The dog jumped onto the table.
The dog jumped into the table.
I took the picture off the wall.
I took the picture out of the wall.
UP / DOWN
OVER / UNDER
To go over is to pass above something.
To go under is to pass below something.
The dog is running towards me. The boy is running away from me.
BACK TO
“Back to” is movement of return to a place you have been before:
He went to Italy.
(maybe for the first time)
He went back to Italy.
(it is the second time, or he is from Italy)
He went back Italy.
(this form is incorrect)
II. POSSESSIVE Commented [A1]: NRU3 trang 18+19
NGT2 trang 13+ 17
NOTE:
This is Jack and Mary’s laptop. (The laptop belongs to both Jack and Mary.)
These are Jack’s and Mary’s laptops. (Jack and Mary have their own laptop.)