INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER RABU, 23 Mei 2018

UJIAN AKHIR SEMESTER GENAP 2017/2018 SESI 3 / JAM 11.00

BAHASA INGGRIS UPMB, TERTUTUP, 60 MENIT SOAL DIKEMBALIKAN
TIM PENGAJAR BHS INGGRIS

Nama: _____________________________ NRP: ________________________ Kelas: ______

Petunjuk: Kerjakan soal di bawah ini dengan cara menghitamkan salah satu jawaban yang Anda
anggap benar pada lembar jawaban dengan pensil 2B.

TEXT 1
With its radiant color and plantlike shape, the sea anemone looks more like a flower than
an animal. More specifically, the sea anemone is formed quite like the flower for which it is
named, with a body like a stem and tentacles like petals in brilliant shades of blue, green, pink,
and red Its diameter varies from about six millimeters in some species to more than ninety
centimeters in the giant varieties of Australia. Like corals, hydras, and jellyfish, sea anemones
are coelenterates. They can move slowly, but more often they attach the lower part of their
cylindrical bodies to rocks, shells, or wharf pilings. The upper end of the sea anemone has a
mouth surrounded by tentacles that the animal uses to capture its food. Stinging cells in the
tentacles throw out tiny poison threads that paralyze other small sea animals. The tentacles then
drag this prey into the sea anemone's mouth. The food is digested in the large inner body cavity.
When disturbed a sea anemone retracts its tentacles and shortens its body so that it resembles a
lump on a rock. Anemones may reproduce by forming eggs, dividing in half or developing buds
that grow and break off as independent animals.

1. The word "shape" in line 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

(A) Length (B) Grace (C) Form (D) Nature
2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true of sea anemones?
(A) They are usually tiny. (B) They have flexible bodies.
(C) They are related to jellyfish. (D) They are usually brightly colored.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that sea anemones are usually found
(A) attached to stationary surfaces (B) hidden inside cylindrical objects
(C) floating among underwater flowers (D) chasing prey around wharf pilings
4. The word "capture" in line 9 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A) Catch (B) Control (C) Cover (D) Clean
5. The word "disturbed" in line 12 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A) Bothered (B) Hungry (C) Tired (D) Sick
6. This following sentences have perfect meaning and construction like the sentence: “sea anemone
is formed quite like the flower …”, , EXCEPT:
(A) The mouth of sea anemone is surrounded by tentacles
(B) The mouth is used to capture its food
(C) The food is digested in the large inner body cavity
(D) A sea anemone disturbed retracts its tentacles and shortens
7. One of the following sentences contains a sub clause like one in this sentence: “ the sea anemone
is formed quite like the flower for which it is named”
(A) The mouth which is surrounded by tentacles characterizes the feature of sea anemone
(B) The mouth which is used to capture its food is in the upper end
(C) That the food is digested in body cavity happens after dragged by the tentacles
(D) That a sea anemone disturbed retracts its tentacles and shortens

8. Freezer burn may have wasted more ice-cream than sidewalks. If you don’t know, freezer
burn is when ice crystals form on the surface of ice-cream. These ice crystals can ruin the texture
and flavor of the ice cream. But you can prevent freezer burn. Since freezer burn is caused when
melted ice-cream is refrozen, rather than eating your ice-cream from the container as it melts,
scoop your ice-cream into a bowl and put the container back in the fridge immediately. Doing
this ought to help you solve your issues with freezer burn
(A) Cause and effect (C) Descriptive
(B) Compare and contrast (D) Problem and solution

9. No one knows the true origin of ice-cream, but the first published ice-cream recipe appears in
Mrs. Mary Eales's Receipts,” a cook book that was printed in London in 1718. Sometime around 1832,
an African American confectioner named Augustus Jackson created multiple ice cream recipes and
invented a superior technique to manufacture ice cream. Ice cream soda was invented around 1874,
but the real breakthrough may have been at the 1904 World’s Fair in St. Louis, Missouri, when the
American ice-cream cone was unveiled!
(A) Chronological (C) Descriptive
(B) Cause and effect (D) Sequence

10. Making ice-cream is not easy. Cream and sugar have to first be mixed in a frozen container.
Ingredients may be added at this point, if desired. The mixture must be stirred and whipped until the
cream and sugar mixture is frozen. Depending on the equipment, this may take as long as an hour.
After the ice-cream is prepared, it must be kept frozen until it is ready to be enjoyed. Making ice-
cream is difficult, but most people would agree that it is worth the trouble.
(A) Chronological (C) Compare and Contrast
(B) Cause and effect (D) Sequence

TEXT 2
Carbon tetrachloride is colorless and inflammable liquid that can be produced by combining
carbon disulfide and chlorine. This compound is widely used in industry today because of its
effectiveness as a solvent as well as its use in the production of propellants.
Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetrachloride has been banned for home use. In the
past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were used throughout
the home, but it was found to be dangerous: when heated, it changes into a poisonous gas that can cause
severe illness and even death if it is inhaled. Because of this dangerous characteristic, the United States
revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride in 1970. The United States has taken
similar action with various other chemical compounds.

11. The main point of this passage is that ………..

(A) Carbon tetrachloride can be very dangerous when it is heated
(B) The government banned carbon tetrachloride in 1970
(C) Although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industry, it is not allowed in home
products
(D) Carbon tetrachloride used to be a regular part of cleaning compounds
12. The word “widely” in line 2 could most easily be replaced by ………..
(A) Grandly (B) Extensively (C) Largely (D) Hugely
13. The word “banned” in line 4 is closest in the meaning to ………….
(A) Forbidden (B) Allowed (C) Suggested (D) Instituted
14. According to the passage, before 1970 carbon tetrachloride was …………
(A) Used by itself as a cleanser
(B) Banned in the industrial use
(C) Often used as a component of cleaning product
(D) Not allowed in home cleaning product
15. It is state in the passage that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it becomes ……….
(A) Harmful (B) Colorless (C) A cleaning compound (D) Inflammable
16, The word “inhaled” in line 7 is closest in meaning to …………
(A) Warmed (B) Breathed in (C) Carelessly used (D) Blown
17. The word “revoked” in line 8 could most easily be replaced by …………
(A). Gave (B) Granted (C) Instituted (D) Took away
18. It can be inferred from the passage that one role of the U.S. government is to ………….
(A) Regulate product safety
(B) Prohibit any use of carbon tetrachloride
(C) Instruct industry on cleaning methodologies
(D) Ban the use of any chemicals
19. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses ……………..
(A) Additional uses for carbon tetrachloride
(B) The banning of various chemical compounds by the U.S. Government
(C) Further dangerous effects of carbon tetrachloride
(D) The major characteristics of carbon tetrachloride
20. The tetracyclines, ………. antibiotics, are used to treat infections.

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 (A) Are a family of (C) A family of
(B) Being a family (D) Their family is

TEXT 3
Exotics are species that are not native to a particular area. Humans have a long history of both
deliberately and accidently introducing exotic species. The long history of negative impacts that
introduced exotics have had on native species and habitats dictates that extreme caution should be
exercised before any exotic species is introduced.
There are many examples of negative impacts that exotics have had on native species. Exotics may
contribute to the decline and extinction of native species in several ways. They may carry diseases to
which native organisms have not evolved defenses. For example, canine distemper, a disease of the
domestic dog, recently has been contracted by lions in southern Africa, resulting in numerous deaths.
Exotics may also outcompete native species for habitat, food, and nest sites, or may become predators
on native species. The feeding activities of exotic herbivores may deplete food resources and otherwise
disturb habitats to the extent that native species can no longer survive. A classic example is the negative
impact that introduced European rabbits had on vegetation in Australia, which, in turn, negatively
impacted small native marsupial (pouched) herbivores. Introduced hoofed mammals such as goats,
sheep, horses, and pigs have had major negative impacts on the vegetation and native species of many
islands and in the western United States. In Great Britain, competition from the introduced North
American gray squirrel has resulted in a substantial decrease in the population and distribution of the
native Eurasian red squirrel.

21. The passage describes……

(A) The exaggeration of native fauna because of the intense competition with exotics
(B) The deterioration of exotics as they enter new habitats and compete with native species
(C) The conservation attempts to protect native species from exotics
(D) The decline and extinction of native species caused by the introduction of exotics
22. Exotics outcompete native species through several ways, except……
(A) Exotics spread diseases killing native species
(B) Exotics become native species predators
(C) Exotics move from place to place as native species always attack them
(D) Exotics consume native species food
23. “They may carry diseases to which native organisms have not evolved defenses,” pronoun they
(paragraph 2, line in the above sentence refers to……
(A) Negative impacts (C) Native species
(B) Exotics (D) Examples
24. Referring to the second paragraph, which of the following fauna are native species?
(A) North American gray squirrel (C). Goats and horses
(B) Eurasian red squirrel (D). Canine distemper
25. “In Great Britain, competition from the introduced North American gray squirrel has resulted in a
substantial decrease in the population and distribution of the native Eurasian red squirrel, “ which
one is outcompeted?
(A) Great Britain (C). Population
(B) North American gray squirrel (D). Eurasian red squirrel
26. “Exotics may also outcompete native species for habitat, food, and nest sites, or may become
predators on native species,” the word outcompete (paragraph 2, line 5) is synonymous with……
(A) Loose (B) Deny (C) Defeat (D) Reject
27. “Humans have a long history of both deliberately and accidently introducing exotic species,” the
word deliberately (paragraph 1, line 2) is synonymous with ……
(A) Intentionally (C) Extrinsically
(B) Internally (D) Internationally
28. “In Great Britain, competition from the introduced North American gray squirrel has resulted in a
substantial decrease in the population and distribution of the native Eurasian red squirrel,” the
word substantial (paragraph 2, line 13) is synonymous with…….
(A) Significantly (B) Certainly (C) Strictly (D) Largely
29. The most effective strategy for ……(prevent) extinction of species is to ……..(protect) and
…….(preserve) their habitats.

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 (A) Prevent; protect; preserve (C) Prevents; Protecting; preserving
(B) Preventing; protecting; preserve (D) Preventing; protect; preserve

30. Some species in danger of ……..(extinct) in the wild have been ……(bring) into captivity where
efforts have been …….(make) to breed them in order to……(increase) their numbers.
(A) Extinct; bring; made; increase
(B) Extinction; brought; make; increase
(C) Extinction; brought; made; increase
(D) Extinction; brought; made; increased

TEXT 4
The Planet that wasn’t.
Pluto was first discovered in 1930. Until 2006, students were taught that it was the ninth and
smallest planet in the solar system. Smaller than Earth’s moon, it is not even as wide as the United
States. Pluto is made up almost entirely of rock and ice. It is so far away that it took the NASA New
Horizons spacecraft over 11 years to get there from Earth. Pluto’s full orbit around the sun lasts almost
250 Earth years! But as small as it is, as cold as it is, as far from the sun as it is, for all those years it
was considered the ninth planet of the solar system... until Eris came around.
Eris was discovered in 2005. It is about the same size as Pluto. And like Pluto, it is part of the
Kuiper Belt, a ring of objects that circle the outer edge of the solar system. After Eris was discovered,
scientists had to make a decision. Either Eris was the 10th planet in the solar system or it was not a
planet at all! And if Eris weren’t a planet, could Pluto be considered one? Scientists made new rules for
what is counted as a planet, and decided that neither Pluto nor Eris qualified. A new category was
created: dwarf planet. The official list of planets in the solar system went from nine to eight, and Pluto
and Eris became members of the dwarf planet club. So long for Planet Pluto—but at least it no longer
has to be the littlest guy in the club. In fact, Pluto one of the bigger dwarf planets! Maybe Pluto doesn’t
have it so bad after all.

31. Pluto used to be considered a planet. Today, what is it considered to be?

(A) It is considered to be a dwarf planet.
(B) It is considered to be a star.
(C) It is considered to be a comet.
(D) It is considered to be an asteroid.
32. How does the text describe Pluto?
(A) Pluto is made up entirely of ice, and it is bigger than Venus.
(B) Pluto is made up entirely of rock and ice, and it is bigger than Earth's moon.
(C) Pluto is made up entirely of gas, and it is bigger than Earth's moon.
(D) Pluto is made up entirely of rock and ice, and it is smaller than Earth's moon.
33. Based on this information, what did the discovery of Eris make scientists do?
(A) The discovery of Eris made scientists rethink the rules for what is counted as a star.
(B) The discovery of Eris made scientists rethink the rules for what is counted as a dwarf planet.
(C) The discovery of Eris made scientists rethink the rules for what is counted as a planet.
(D) The discovery of Eris made scientists add more planets to the group of planets.
34. After Eris was discovered, scientists had to decide whether to count it as a planet. Why did this
make them question whether Pluto should still be counted as a planet?
(A) because Pluto and Eris are both space objects
(B) because Pluto and Eris were discovered at the same time
(C) because Pluto and Eris are very different
(D) because Pluto and Eris are very similar
35. What is the main idea of this text?
(A) Pluto was no longer considered a planet after the discovery of Eris made scientists come up
with new rules for what is counted as a planet.
(B) Pluto is so far away that it took the NASA New Horizons spacecraft over 11 years to get
there from Earth.
(C) Eris is about the same size as Pluto, and like Pluto, it is part of a ring of objects that circle
the outer edge of the solar system.
(D) Scientists come up with rules for what is counted as a planet and what is not.

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36. What does the author mean by stating, "Maybe Pluto doesn't have it so bad after all"?
(A) Even though Pluto is no longer counted as a planet, it is in a new group called dwarf planet
(B) Even though Pluto is no longer counted as a planet, it is the biggest of the dwarf planets.

(C) Even though Pluto is no longer counted as a planet, it is still part of the ring of objects that
circle the outer edge of the solar system.
(D) Even though Pluto is now counted as a dwarf planet, it isn't alone as other space objects are
counted as dwarf planets.
37. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.
After scientists made new rules for what is counted as a planet, Pluto was no longer considered a
planet. _________, the official list of planets in the solar system went from nine to eight.
(A) Therefore (C) On the other hand
(B) Although (D) Especially
38. Pluto is made up almost entirely of rock and ice. The word “entirely”in the sentence is most
similar in meaning with ….
(A) Rarely (B) Mostly (C) Completely (D) Definitely
39. The word “it” in “And like Pluto, it is part of the Kuiper Belt, a ring of objects that circle the outer
edge of the solar system” refers to…
(A) Eris (B) Kuiper Belt (C) Size (D) A ring of objects
40. Scientists made new rules for what is counted as a planet, and decided that neither Pluto nor Eris
qualified. The underlined words is …
(A) Noun clause (C) Relative Clause
(B) Adjective clause (D) Adverb clause

TEXT 5

The study of the astronomical practices, celestial lore, mythologies, religions and
world-views of all ancient cultures is called archaeoastronomy. It is described, in essence,
as the "anthropology of astronomy", to distinguish it from the "history of astronomy". Many
Line of the great monuments and ceremonial constructions of early civilizations were
(5) astronomically aligned, and two well-known ancient archaeological sites seem to have had
an astronomical purpose. The Orion mystery, as it is dubbed, purports that the geometry and
brightness of the stars in the Orion constellation are mirrored in the alignment and size of
the great pyramids of Egypt. While this claim remains hypothetical, it is nevertheless clear
that ancient Egyptians incorporated astronomy with architecture. In the Temple of Abu
(10) Simbel, for example, sunlight penetrates a sacred chamber to illuminate a statue of Ramses
on October 18, which ushered in the start of the Egyptian civil year. Astronomy did not exist
on its own, however, but as one limb of a larger body whose other limbs included agriculture
and the after-life. In this sense, astronomy linked the two themes humans are most obsessed
with: life and death.

(15) Around the same period, another monument was erected that combines religion,
architecture and astronomy. Stonehenge was built in three separate stages, starting in
approximately 3000 B.C. Mostly it remains a mystery, but two clues offer some
enlightenment. One is that the megalithic arrangement is not random nor purely aesthetic
but astronomical: It marks the solstice and lunar phases. The other is that archaeological
(20) excavations have revealed it was also used in religious ceremonies. Chinese records suggest
their own astronomical observations dated from the same period; Indian sacred books point
to earlier observations; and Babylonian clay tablets show Chaldean priests had been
observing the sky (including the motion of the visible planets and of eclipses) shortly
thereafter. But the earliest physical vestige of an observatory in fact, lies in southern Egypt.
(25) Surprisingly it is probably not the product of a Semitic (Syrian or Babylonian) peoples but
rather sub-Saharan, as evidenced by analysis of a human jawbone found on site. The Nabta
site is the African equivalent of Stonehenge except it predates it by some 1,500 years.

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41. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The definition and some examples of archaeoastronomy
(B) The possible astronomical significance of ancient monuments
(C) The history of astronomy
(D) The oldest known site possibly used for astronomy

42. The word “celestial” in line 1 could best be replaced by

(A) Ancient (B) Historical (C) Heavenly (D) Scientific

43. According to the passage, archaeoastronomy

(A) Pre-dates astronomy (B) Is the anthropology of astronomy
(C) Is also called the history of astronomy (D) Is not a true science

44. Which of the following, according to the passage, is true about the great pyramids of Egypt?
(A) They were built for purposes of astronomy
(B) They mark the solstice and lunar phases
(C) One of them contains a statue of Ramses in a sacred chamber
(D) They are part of the Orion mystery

45. The word “ushered” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

(A) Brought (B) Identified (C) Marked (D) Signaled

46. The word “illuminate” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

(A) Light up (B) Warm up (C) Touch (D) Explain

47. Where in the passage does the author make reference to the moon?
(A) Lines 5-9 (B) Lines 10-14 (C) Lines 15-19 (D) Lines 20-24

48. The word “enlightenment” in line 18 is closest in meaning to

(A) Awareness (B) Hope (C) Evidence (D) Explanation

49. According to the passage, the earliest known site of an observatory is probably
(A) Semitic (B) Babylonian (C) Chaldean (D) Sub-Saharan

50. In line 27, the word “it” refers to which of the following?
(A) Stonehenge (B) the Nabta site (C) African (D) Sub-Saharan