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1. Introduction To Magnets
2. Magnets Around Us Have you ever seen a crane lifting a heap of iron
junk materials? Have you ever wondered why
some stickers remain sticked to iron doors, almirah
or fridge? You might have seen a pin holder to
which iron pins remained attached. Have you ever
thought how? How do you think all these things
works?
There are some object with special property to
attract iron objects. Similar objects are also found
in toys, clutches etc.These are known as magnets.
In our today's class, we will learn about magnets
and have fun with them. Lets start with learning
about their discovery.
3. Discovery of Magnets It is said that magnet was discovered accidently,
by a shepherd named Magnes in ancient Greece.
He had a stick to herd his sheeps with an iron shaft
in it. He also had some iron nails in his shoe sole.
One day while he was sitting on a rock and found
that his stick and shoes got stuck with the rock.
Soon similar rocks were found nearby which
attracted other iron object and were named
magnetite after his name. In this way, magnets
were said to be discovered.
4. Fast Fact Lucretius was the first person who wrote magical
stories about magnets around the first century
Lucretius was the first person who B.C.5
wrote magical stories about
magnets around the first century
B.C.
5. Magnet Objects which attracts materials like iron, cobalt
and nickel towards them are known as magnets.
• Objects which attracts This property of attracting objects like iron, cobalt
materials like iron, cobalt and nickel is known as magnetism.
and nickel.
• This property of attracting
objects is known as
Magnetism.
6. Magnetic material The materials which gets attracted towards a
magnet are know as Magnetic substances.
The materials which gets attracted Iron, nickel and cobalt are magnetic substances.
towards a magnet are magnetic For example if we have a bowl of sand and iron
material. fillings, we can seprate them easily using a
magnet. As all the iron fillings will cling to the
magnet.
7. Non Magnetic material The materials which are not attracted towards a
magnet are non magnetic substances.
The materials which are not They can be paper, plastic, wool, cotton, wood etc.
attracted towards a magnet are In the previous slide, it was iron that got attached
non magnetic material to the magnet, so what kind of material is the
sand? Yes, it is a nonmagnetic material.
Can you tell some magnetic and non magnetic
objects around you?
Steel spoon and key excluded
8. Which of the following is not a Which of the following is not a magnetic
magnetic substance? substance?
1. Iron 1. iron
2. Cobalt 2. cobalt
3. Nickel 3. nickel
4. Silver 4. silver
Ans: Silver
9. Neili prepares a stiching box in Ans: To use a magnet to attract it amongst all the
which she kept materials like nonmagnetic materials.
spools of thread, wool, buttons,
bits of cloth, a small and a big
needle. She needs the small
needle and is unable to find it
from the box. What will be the
easiest way to find the needle?
10. Natural Magnet
a material which naturally posses magnetic
properties and attract magnetic substance towards
it is known as a natural magnet.
In other words, it is also known as magnetite, an
iron ore.
They were used in early days for navigation hence
were also known as loadstones, a stone leading to
journey.
Where else we can find natural magnets?
Ans: Magnetite in small amounts is present in the
brain of fishes, birds, some animals and even
humans
Material which naturally posses
magnetic properties is known as a
natural magnet.
11. Artificial Magnet
• The magnets which are made by humans
from iron pieces following a certain
procedure are known as artificial magnets.
• Different shapes of iron or steel objects can
be easily converted into magnets.
• Artificial magnets are more powerful than
natural magnets.
The magnets which are made by
humans from iron pieces
following a certain procedure are
known as artificial magnets.
12 Magnet of different shapes. MDepending on their use atificial magnets are
made into many shapes like Bar shaped magnet,
Cylindrical magnet, Horse shoe magnet or Ball
ended magnet.
13. Permanent Magnets
These are magnets which retain their magnetic
properties for a long period of time. They are
made up of hard magnetic materials. They are
specially used to make bar magnets and horse shoe
magnets.
Do permanent magnets never loose their
magnetism?
Ans: Permanent can also loose their magnetism
over time or due to rough handling, dropping
them, hammering them, presence of other magnets
etc. They are called permanent as they can retain
Magnets which retain their
their magnetism over long period of time.
magnetic properties for a long
period of time.
14. Temporary Magnets Temporary Magnets
These are magnets which acts as a magnet as long
as they are in vicinity of some strong magnet. For
example a iron sheet clinged to some strong Bar
magnet also behaves like a magnet aslong as it is
in vicinity or in contact with Bar magnet.
Electromagnets are also temporary magnets, which
behaves as a magnet till a strong electric current is
Magnets which retain their
passed through the coil inside which they are
magnetism for short period of
placed.
time or till the cause is present are
Any magnetic material attached to a magnet also
known as temporary magnets.
becomes a magnet at that instant?
Ans: Yes.
15. Temporary magnets can
1. attract all the substances Temporary magnets can
2. attracts only magnetic 1. attract all the substances
substances 2. attracts only magnetic substances
3. attracts only some of the 3. attracts only some of the magnetic substances.
magnetic substances.
16. Applications of magnets Today magnets have lots of applications in various
field like in door bell, microphones, computers,
toys, amusements park rides etc.
They are also used to pick metals out in various
recycling plants and also used to lift heavy loads
like cars
Ask the students, to identify some more objects at
their home with magnets inside them.
Maglev trains do not have wheels
they travels very fast because of
the magnets in them which lifts
them up the track.
18. Magnetism through Different
Mediums
Magnets attracts objects even in the presence of
materials apart from air, like water, sand, glass,
plastics and other solid things to an extent.
For an example if you put some iron nails inside a
paper bag, magnet will be able to attract them
through paper, water or wood etc.
Can magnets also work in space?
Ans: Yes, magnets also work in space.
19. Let's classsify some more To be solved by teacher in class, interacting with
magnetic and non magnetic students
substances.Given below is the
table listing some of the
commonly found things arouns
us. Find the material of which that
object is made and classify it as
magnetic or nonmagnetic