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With today’s consumers aggressively pursuing what’s most important to them – price, quality
and convenience – Periscope by McKinsey conducted research in four mature e-commerce
markets: France, Germany, the UK and the US.
Evaluating the current purchasing behaviors of consumers and their future CPG shopping
intentions, the research findings provide insights on:
• Which channels consumers utilize to make CPG purchases (such as groceries, household
goods, store cupboard essentials, beauty and personal care, cleaning supplies and baby
products) and the motivations behind their channel shopping preferences
• Which consumers respond positively to personalized recommendations and are most likely
to engage with digital shopping options that enhance their overall shopping experience
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Key Findings: The trend for omnichannel
CPG shopping is growing
Consumers adopt a blended shopping approach when making
CPG purchases
The survey reveals a significant number of consumers are no longer shopping for CPG
products entirely offline. Instead, they’re taking a blended approach and using whichever
channel suits their needs best. Indeed, in all the markets surveyed, we observed 70% or more
of the respondents undertaking some form of online CPG shopping activity.
When it comes to exhibiting multichannel shopping behaviors, French (40%) and UK (39%)
shoppers lead the fray with regard to demonstrating balanced on- and offline shopping
preferences followed by German (33%) and US (32%) shoppers.
7.12% 5.60%
23.00%
29.73% only online only online
only offline
only offline
8.38% 14.40%
mostly online mostly online
22.32% 17.80%
mostly offline 32.46% mostly offline
39.20%
both on
both on
and offline
and offline
Answered: 1026 Answered: 500
3.20% 3.96%
27.20% only online
only online 25.74%
only offline
7.20% only offline 12.08%
mostly online mostly online
29.80% 18.02%
mostly offline 32.60% mostly offline 40.20%
both on both on
and offline and offline
Answered: 500 Answered: 505
That said, a compelling number of shoppers in the UK (20%) and France (16%) say they
primarily go online to order CPG items. And while the US and German markets appear to be
lagging behind on the digital shopping curve, a significant core of consumers in the US (15%)
and Germany (10%) admit to being ‘digital first’ when making CPG purchases.
The research reveals the extent to which offline CPG shopping behaviors continue to dominate
in Germany and the US. Almost two-thirds (57%) of German shoppers confirm they currently
make most of their CPG purchases in bricks-and-mortar stores, followed closely by 52% of
US shoppers for whom the physical store still prevails as the channel of choice.
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Non-food categories prove a popular choice with
online shoppers
It’s clear that CPG players are at an e-commerce tipping point as digital redefines what it
means to ‘go shopping’ for consumers.
While consumers are clearly confident placing online orders for bottled drinks, store-cupboard
ingredients and other staples, the research findings highlight that non-edible and durable food
items are performing considerably better compared to short-shelf life products such as dairy
and bread, indicating shopper hesitation about purchasing these types of products online.
Non-food categories appear to be resonating strongly with shoppers. Indeed, beauty and
personal care products were top of the shopping list for consumers in France (47%), the UK
and Germany (46%), and the US (38%). Similarly, cleaning supplies featured in the ‘Top 3’
product categories consumers had shopped within in the past two months.
The research also reveals that while consumers in the UK and France appear most likely to
make online purchases in all CPG categories, US shoppers are currently least likely to opt for
digital channels when making CPG purchases.
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Key Finding: Digital Natives Lead the Way –
Most of the Time
Age determines online CPG shopping predilections
Millennial shoppers (aged 18-29) were the largest cohort in each country surveyed except the
UK to only or mostly undertake their shopping for CPG products online. But their enthusiasm
for digital channels is closely matched in many markets by those aged 30-39 and 40-49.
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But the findings reveal some impressive exceptions. In the US, 22% of all those who shop
for CPG items only online were aged 50-59 years of age. Similarly, the online purchasing
behaviors of those aged 40-49 outstripped that of the 30-39 age cohort in Germany and
France. Meanwhile, in the UK, those shoppers aged 30-39 were most likely to adopt a digital
only stance.
Clearly, CPG brands cannot afford to focus simply on targeting millennials alone. Those aged
30-49 are also actively engaging with online channels to make CPG purchases and consumers
aged 50-59 in all markets displayed omnichannel behaviors to a greater or lesser degree.
Exploring the frequency with which those who make CPG purchases online are shopping,
it’s clear that millennials in Germany (41.6%) and the US (31.5%) are the most likely to make
several online shopping forays a week.
But in France almost 46% of shoppers who say they head online multiple times each week
were aged 30-39, while the weekly multi-shop behaviors of 37% of UK millennials were
matched equally by those in the 30-39 age cohort.
In the UK, regular monthly online shops proved particularly popular with those aged 40-49
(31%), while in Germany almost one-third (31%) of those undertaking a planned monthly shop
were in the 50-59 age cohort.
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Online shopping frequency – by age
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Consumers select delivery options that work best for them
The last-mile delivery preferences of those shopping online indicate that many consumers are
disciplined enough to forward plan their purchases. Just 7% of shoppers in France, Germany
and the US regularly utilize a 2-4 hours delivery option, rising to 9% of UK shoppers.
Standard delivery was the top option selected by 41% of German and 38% of US shoppers,
while expedited delivery was the preference for 36% of UK and 34% of French shoppers.
Delivery preferences
16.64%
same day
20.78%
same day
35.58%
expedited
35.78%
expedited Answered: 1026 Answered: 500
40.93% 32.27%
0.82% standard 6.93%
standard
click & collect click & collect
6.87%
2-4 hours 6.67%
2-4 hours
13.19%
same day
20.00%
same day
38.19% 34.13%
expedited expedited
Answered: 500 Answered: 505
Demand for same day delivery, which may attract a price supplement, was also higher in the
UK (21%) and French (20%) markets.
Exploring delivery preferences by age demographic, the research reveals that European
millennials are the most demanding when it comes to getting hold of their purchases; those
aged 18-29 in France (48%), Germany (36%) and the UK (29%) were the most likely to select
a 2-4 hours delivery option. This age cohort are also the most likely to use a Click and Collect
service, signalling the omnichannel shopping ease and expectations of these consumers.
By contrast, US consumers (33%) aged 30-39 were the group most likely to opt for a 2-4
hours delivery slot, while Click and Collect held the strongest appeal for those aged 60-69
years of age (32%).
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Delivery preferences – by age
Answered: 1026
Answered: 500
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Key Finding: Functional Factors Drive
Online Shopping, While Experiential Factors
Drive Offline
Convenience, price, availability and delivery are top online
shopping drivers
Asked to evaluate why they shop online for CPG items, the consumers surveyed in
each market overwhelmingly highlighted the pragmatic advantages of conducting their
purchases online.
26.49%
cheaper 27.79%
26.35% 6.24% 5.19% 17.66%
accessibility out of other accessibility out of other cheaper
business hours 20.39% business hours
more promotions 16.10%
more promotions
22.88% 17.06% 28.57% 18.96%
delivered range of products delivered range of products
12.76% 10.91%
ratings and ratings and
recommendations recommendations
41.47% 45.19%
time time 11.43%
15.95% 16.64% 14.70%
efficient efficient no offline
spending buying no offline 26.49% availability
control in bulk availability spending 26.49%
control buying
in bulk
Answered: 721 Answered: 385
38.46%
accessibility 25.00% 35.73% 23.20%
out of business cheaper accessibility out of cheaper
hours 5.22% 2.40%
other business hours other 26.13%
21.43% more promotions
more promotions
18.41% 10.93%
ratings and ratings and
40.93% recommendations recommendations
44.80%
time 15.11% 8.27%
22.25% time
efficient spending 19.51% efficient 16.27% no offline
no offline availability
control buying availability 28.00% buying
in bulk spending in bulk
control
Answered: 364 Answered: 375
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Time efficiency was the top benefit identified by over 40% of respondents in France, Germany,
the UK and the US. Meanwhile, the freedom to shop out of hours was viewed as the second
most important functional advantage for 38% of German and 36% of French shoppers, with
29% of UK shoppers identifying the convenience of having goods delivered as being the next
most important factor for them.
In the US, shoppers were split equally on whether out of hours shopping (26%) or being able
to hunt down cheaper priced goods (26%) was the second biggest benefit of heading online to
make their CPG purchases.
40.25%
35.78% product check
product check
43.43%
31.69% browsing
6.61% 6.61% browsing 3.39% 6.57%
hestitation around other hestitation around other
online payment online payment
13.12% 15.47%
small size, 15.53% small size, 11.44%
single item shop cheaper single item shop cheaper
15.42% 14.62%
26.23% more promotions 23.09% more promotions
habit, family 11.02% habit, family 12.50%
routine range of product routine range of product
25.92% 8.60% 27.75% 9.75%
fresh products no online fresh products no online
availability availability
44.63% 43.30%
product check product check
35.54%
2.27% 6.20% browsing
3.71% 3.09% 25.15%
hestitation around other hestitation around other browsing
online payment online payment
26.03% 13.40%
small size, 12.81% small size, 9.48%
single item shop cheaper single item shop cheaper
8.06% more promotions
13.81% more promotions
26.86% 11.36% range of product 27.01%
habit, family habit, family 12.99% range of product
routine 6.82% routine 9.07%
no online no online
availability 29.48% availability
fresh products
51.86%
fresh products
Answered: 484 Answered: 485
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The research findings also confirm that in-store shopping remains an established family
routine for around a quarter of all consumers surveyed (German 27%, French 27%, US
26%, and UK 23%), who still view shopping in a retail store as an engaging experience that
represents an opportunity for a family excursion.
CPG companies will need to emulate this experiential offering if they want to boost online
purchases across more products and category selections.
For example, meal recipes that show cooking ingredients on a virtual table could help draw the
consumer along a shopping journey, while those exploring a haircare or beauty purchase could be
given opportunities to upload their photo and virtually try out a new hair colour or makeup look.
Price and free delivery were unanimously voted by consumers in France, Germany, the UK
and US as the top two factors influencing their online CPG purchasing decisions. German
shoppers (65%) rated price as the most important factor when making online CPG purchases.
Promotions and discounts came a close third for consumers in every country except Germany,
where 30% of shoppers said product descriptions were the next most important factor likely
to sway the choices they make.
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Online buying factors
57.14%
free delivery
48.53%
free delivery
41.60%
promotion
3.02% 26.37% 1.60% & discount
other promotion other
& discount
30.49% 27.73%
7.69% product 17.33%
single click option single click option product
description description
10.99% 15.47%
21.70% photos/videos 25.60% photos/videos
reviews reviews
23.90% 24.73% 4.80% 23.20%
brand product content info brand product content info
Answered: 364 Answered: 375
Exploring in more detail the factors that influence online purchases by age demographic, the
survey findings reveal how these top drivers are constant across every cohort in each country.
However, millennial shoppers aged 18-29 are generally more likely to seek out product
information and peer reviews when making a purchasing decision.
US millennial shoppers (41.5%), in particular, say reviews are a valued and important feature,
with over one-third of German and French millennials agreeing these are important to them.
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Online buying factors by millenials
55.06%
55.06% price
58.51%
free delivery price
43.62%
free delivery
1.12% 0.00%
38.30%
other other promotion
21.35% & discount
promotion
& discount
20.22% 17.02%
photos/videos photos/videos
34.83% 34.04%
reviews reviews
25.84% 29.21% 7.45% 26.60%
brand product content info brand product content info
Answered: 364 Answered: 375
Asked to evaluate how their online shopping habits differ from shopping in-store, the research
confirms that consumers in all markets are more likely to buy more in bulk online (perhaps
taking advantage of preferential pricing and the convenience of having their goods delivered)
and are willing to spend more if they can hunt down discounts and offers. This was particularly
the case for the 67% of UK shoppers who say they are definitely or more likely to shop in bulk
for CPG goods online.
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On-offline comparison
The findings highlight how at least 38% or more of consumers in every market surveyed say
they are open to recommendations on a similar product but from a different brand.
Recommendations on products by the same brand was the second most welcomed prompt
for shoppers in France (30%) and the US (28%), while ‘frequently purchased together’ style
recommendations were particularly popular with 25% of UK shoppers.
However, over a quarter of shoppers in France (30%), the UK (29%) and the US (28%) say they
don’t use or like recommendations, while a staggering 36% of German shoppers made it clear
they are unlikely to be swayed by this facility.
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Attitudes on recommendations
7.27%
8.46% 28.29% don’t like recommendations 25.19%
don’t like recommendations products from products from
same brand same brand
19.69% 22.08%
don’t use don’t use
recommendations recommendations
26.07% 25.45%
frequently bought 38.14% frequently 40.78%
together similar product bought similar product
different brand together different brand
Answered: 721 Answered: 385
10.16%
don’t like recommendations 9.60%
25.27% 29.60%
products from don’t like recommendations products from
same brand same brand
26.10% 20.00%
don’t use don’t use
recommendations recommendations
21.07%
frequently bought
24.18% 38.74% together 39.47%
frequently bought similar product similar product
together different brand different brand
Answered: 364 Answered: 375
While not immune to the allure of special offers, these digital shopping natives also expect to
encounter shopping recommendations that help them navigate the options on offer.
Frequently typified as fickle consumers, our research clearly indicates those aged 18-29
are more likely to pursue recommendations on products from the same brand compared to
shoppers from other age cohorts.
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Attitudes on recommendations by age
Answered: 721
42.27% 25.77% 20.62% 7.22% 4.12%
Products from same brand
31.21% 28.03% 22.93% 12.10% 5.73%
Similar product different brand
33.67% 24.49% 22.45% 15.31% 4.08%
Frequently bought together
12.94% 17.65% 27.06% 27.06% 15.29%
Don’t use recommendations
21.43% 14.29% 17.86% 17.86% 28.57%
Don’t like recommendations
Answered: 385
30.43% 17.39% 23.91% 23.91% 4.35%
Products from same brand
31.91% 17.73% 22.70% 21.28% 6.38%
Similar product different brand
28.41% 19.32% 20.45% 22.73% 9.09%
Frequently bought together
18.95% 18.95% 17.89% 22.11% 22.11%
Don’t use recommendations
5.41% 16.22% 13.51% 40.54% 24.32%
Don’t like recommendations
Answered: 364
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Key Finding: Online Is Becoming a Primary
Channel for Every Type of Shopping Trip
Consumers go digital for every shopping need
More than half (51%) of UK consumers and 44% of French consumers say their CPG
purchases are part and parcel of regular big online shopping trips. It’s a similar story in the US,
where 31% of respondents say they engage with online channels to undertake a major shop,
and in Germany where major online shopping sprees are the routine for 33% of consumers.
14.03%
30.51% browsing 51.17%
25.80% major trip major trip
10.13%
browsing
special
occasion trip
17.61%
special 26.07% 24.68%
occasion trip immediate immediate
use trip use trip
Answered: 721 Answered: 385
15.93%
32.69% 18.67%
browsing 44.00%
major trip browsing
major trip
17.03% 10.93%
special special
occasion trip occasion trip
26.40%
34.34% immediate use trip
immediate use trip
Answered: 364 Answered: 375
Immediate need purchases are the second most significant driver for around a quarter of
French, UK and US shoppers and tops the list for 34% of German shoppers.
The research highlights that online is no longer reserved for special occasion trips or to hunt
down a specific product, and that many consumers regularly browse online to stay appraised
on products, offers and deals.
Apart from the UK, significant numbers of consumers are utilizing pure-play online retailers to
make their CPG purchases. In the UK, shoppers predominantly purchase from retailers with a
bricks-and-mortar presence, while French consumers had the greatest penchant for making
CPG purchases direct on a manufacturer/brand’s online outlet.
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Online shopping outlets
1.82%
5.55% manufacturer
manufacturer 59.92% 32.73%
/brand site
/brand site online online
retailers retailers
34.54%
65.45%
site of offline
site of offline
retailer
retailer
Answered: 721 Answered: 385
21.87%
manufacturer 10.16% 68.13%
59.74% manufacturer
/brand site online
online /brand site
retailers retailers
18.67% 21.70%
site of offline site of offline
retailer retailer
Device preference
27.74% 25.45%
50.91%
42.58% Mobile app Mobile app
Website on
Website on your laptop/PC
your laptop/PC
29.68%
23.64%
Website on your
Website on your
mobile/tablet
mobile/tablet
Answered: 721 Answered: 385
16.21% 17.87%
65.93% Mobile app
Mobile app 66.67%
Website on
your laptop/PC Website on
your laptop/PC
17.86% 15.47%
Website on your Website on your
mobile/tablet mobile/tablet
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Consumers in the US (30%) and UK (24%) showed the most inclination to make online
purchases using their mobile or tablet device. Similarly, shopping apps are proving most
popular with US (28%) and UK (25%) shoppers.
26.90% 26.20%
will shop online will shop online
62.18% 63.40%
no change no change
10.92% 10.40%
will shop offline will shop offline
19.80% 25.94%
will shop online will shop online
68.00% 64.55%
no change no change
12.20%
will shop offline
9.50%
will shop offline
While an overwhelming majority of shoppers in each of the markets we surveyed say that their
current shopping habits are unlikely to change in the coming 12 months, a significant number
say they plan to prioritize online channels when making CPG purchases.
Indeed, over a quarter of US (27%),a French (26%) and UK (26%) shoppers indicate they will
predominantly be shopping online in the future, with one-fifth of German shoppers also saying
this will be their channel of choice.
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Analysis of the future online shopping preferences of shoppers by age group indicates that
millennials and those aged 30-39 are the most likely demographics to make changes to how
they purchase CPG goods in the coming year head. Both groups say they anticipate that they
will increasingly engage with online channels.
Answered: 1026
Answered: 500
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The future is omnichannel for millennials
More detailed exploration of millennial shopping habits reveals how those aged 18-29 appear
unwilling to solely commit to online channels; instead, they appear intent on embracing the
richness of experiences that omnichannel shopping affords them.
Even those millennials that only or mostly shop for CPG purchases online today say their
future shopping behaviors are set to change to some degree or another.
Answered: 165
Answered: 111
22
Exploring the anticipated behaviors of those who say they only shop online at the present time
in more detail, European millennials appear most likely to be exploring offline sometime soon;
40% of French, 33% of German and 25% of UK shoppers in this category state their future
plans include shopping more in-store. By contrast, just 10% of US ‘online only’ millennial
shoppers intend to head offline for CPG purchases.
Volatility in future shopping preferences was also observed in those who say their current
shopping behaviors are equally balanced between online and offline, with between 33%
(France) and 46% (UK) of millennial shoppers saying they have plans to predominantly shop
more online in the future.
Meanwhile, those who mostly shop offline today demonstrate strong intent to make more
digital purchases in the future. French millennials in this group led the way, with almost half
(45%) saying they will be increasingly heading online. Similarly, one third of UK (33%) and just
over a quarter (26%) of German millennial shoppers say they are getting ready to make more
use of digital channels.
It would appear that, for many millennials, it’s not simply a question of ‘online or offline’; they
want to choose which touchpoints they interact with when shopping and will move seamlessly
between channels, using those that fit their needs in the moment.
CPG companies that master delivery of an omnichannel customer experience are set to gain
competitive advantage with this age group. And they’re not the only demographic who will
respond positively to an integrated and robust multi-channel strategy.
Indeed, 40% or more of Generation X consumers in all markets who today mostly shop online
have plans to increase their digital purchasing behaviors, with an impressive 100% of German
shoppers saying they plan to be ‘digital only’ in the future.
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Future shopping behavior for age group 30-39
Answered: 205
Answered: 98
Meanwhile, those shoppers displaying a balance of online and offline purchasing behaviors
at the present time are also more likely to be shopping more online in the future. Future digital
shopping inclinations of this age group ranged between one-fifth (21%) of French consumers
and well over a third (37.5%) of US consumers in this sector.
For these time-pressed shoppers, online shopping equates to time-saving, convenience and
control that includes the ability to make their purchases at any time of the day or night.
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Conclusion
Changing commercial dynamics will require an effective response from CPG companies. It’s
clear that consumers are increasingly purchasing CPG products online and they’re not just
shopping within packaged food categories.
As online shopping trends accelerate, CPG companies will need to move quickly to master
next generation e-category management and build their digital capabilities.
Agile execution, a rapid test and learn approach and a willingness to leverage advanced
analytics to personalize offers and predict consumer needs and better understand unique
channel shopping behaviors will all become increasingly critical.
• Evaluate the broader channel strategy, determining where and how to play - and with
which partners
• Automate data collection from a variety of sources and utilize centralized analytic tools to
generate market-specific shopper insights
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About Periscope®
Founded in 2007, the Periscope® By McKinsey platform combines world-leading intellectual
property, prescriptive analytics, and cloud-based tools with expert support and training.
It is a unique combination that drives revenue growth, both now and into the future. The
platform offers a suite of Marketing & Sales solutions that accelerate and sustain commercial
transformation for businesses.
The company leverages its world-leading IP (especially from McKinsey but also other partners)
and best-in-class technology to enable transparency into big data, actionable insights,
and new ways of working that drive lasting performance improvement and a sustainable
2-7% increase in return on sales (ROS). With a truly global reach, the portfolio of solutions
comprises Insight Solutions, Marketing Solutions, Customer Experience Solutions, Category
Solutions, Pricing Solutions, Performance Solutions, and Sales Solutions. These are
complemented by ongoing client service and custom capability-building programs.
To learn more about how Periscope’s solutions and experts are helping businesses continually
drive better performance, visit www.periscope-solutions.com or contact us at
contact@periscope-solutions.com.
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