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Certificate E-Course on Smart Cities Planning and Development

r s i
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Un
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Key Pillars of Smart
o g i Cities (ii)
o l
c h n
T e Lecture 4
r a t
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j Dimensions of Smart Cities
Module III
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 Dimension of Smart Cities
s i t y
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Contents
n i
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i c
og
• The concept of a smart city across globe
• Smart city definitions
o l
•
h n
Key pillars of smart cities (i)
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• Key pillars of smart cities (ii)
•
ra t
Global smart city initiatives

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 Pillars of Smart Cities
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Institutional
Infrastructure
n i
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i c
o l og
Economic
c h n Physical

Te
Infrastructure Infrastructure

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Infrastructure
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 Economic Infrastructure
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For a city to attract investments and to create the n i
a l U appropriate

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economic infrastructure for employment opportunities, it has to first

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identify its core competence, comparative
o i advantages and

o l economic infrastructure can be

analyze its potential for generating economic activities. Once

h n
that is done, the gaps in required
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determined.
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 Economic Infrastructure
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e
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Establishing Incubators and Creations of Jobs, Creation of a start-

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up eco-system requires an incubator being set up and spreading

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the culture of innovative thinking and finding
o
solutions to everyday

o l
problems through technological intervention.

c h n
T e
It requires specific expertise and needs to be done with a long-term

r a t
view towards making the process sustainable. Each city will house an

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incubator each and 1000 start-ups per incubator shall create at

yearu
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least 1000 jobs per year. This will result in 1 million jobs created per
G and 10 million jobs in 10 years across these 100 cities through
the incubators
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 Institutional Infrastructure
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By Institutional infrastructure it refers to the activities that relate to

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the planning and management systems in a city. The new
technology has provided a new dimension
o g i to this system making it

o l
efficient, accountable and transparent.

c h n
T e
It includes the participatory systems of governance, e-governance,

opportunitiesafor
r t
inclusive governance, the sense of safety and security and the

a
creativity.

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 Institutional Infrastructure
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Governance structures do not have adequate people participation. People do

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not get the feel of ownership of city. Therefore, there is a requirement of
involvement of citizens in decision-making processes.

c a l
og i
l
Procedures are cumbersome and citizens often find it difficult to secure public

o
services they seek. Further, responsibilities for different services are fragmented

h n
across multiple institutions, making the situation even more complex for any

c
Te
citizen.

ra t
Besides, many of these institutions report to different departments of the state

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government and local bodies have little influence on them. For example, even

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within the transport system, metro rail, buses, roads, parking, traffic lights, street

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lights, etc. are dealt with by different institutions.

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 Physical Infrastructure
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e
Stock of cost-efficient and intelligent physicalU
n i
c a l infrastructure

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such as the urban mobility system, the housing
o
stock, the energy

o l
system, the water supply system, sewerage system, sanitation

which are all integrated h

c n
facilities, solid waste management
through
system, drainage system, etc.
the use of technology. These

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are very important and e core part of development.

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 Physical Infrastructure
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Mobility will involve a three pronged approach ni

a l U
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1. Improvements in public transport – Metro c Rail, BRT, LRT,
Monorail, Trams etc.
o l o
c h n
e
2. Improvements in infrastructure of other motor vehicles – ring

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roads, bypasses, underpasses, elevated roads, improvements in

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the existing road
a
ways

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3. Improvements
waterways
in infrastructure for walking, cycling and

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 Smart Infrastruture
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 Physical Infrastructure
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U
Access to water supply is important for all the urban residents

a l
and lack of safe water supply can keep the mortality
c
rates high in

g i
general and among the poor in particular.
o
It has been estimated

urban poor in general and theo l women in particular by 1.5 to

that access to water increases the productive working hours of

c h n poor

e
2 hours.

t T
r a
Smart cities should
a
therefore have an availability of 24x7 piped

u j etc. across the city.

water supply that also meets benchmarks of water quality,

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pressure,

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 Physical Infrastructure
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Dual water supply systems that serve the needs of drinking

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water and other needs would help in recycling water and
a
i c
conserving it. Adoption of new methods especially smart

l og
metering for reducing loss and energy consumption in water
o
n
networks needs to be ensured.

c h
Te
This is possible by installing sensors in the supply system that
t
ra
measure water consumption, water levels, and water flow rates on

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a real time basis. These models will help in not only identifying
u
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and localize leaks, it would also assist to optimize energy
consumption in the network.

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 Physical Infrastructure
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Special attention is required for Solid waste Management, where:

a l U
c
1. Segregation of recyclable and non-recyclable waste as well as wet and

og i
dry waste at the source so that there can be 100% recycling of solid waste;

o l
n
2. Appropriate technology should be adopted for treatment of waste at

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decentralized locations;
h
t Te
3. Put in place an effective collection and disposal system;

j a ra
4. Encourage use of products based on recycling of solid waste especially –

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power, compost, building material (based on cycling of debris & construction
materials).

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 Physical Infrastructure
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Priority is also given to Storm water Drainage in order to adopt a storm water

l U
management approach. This would include preserving and maintaining the

a
i c
natural hydrological cycle, groundwater recharge, natural drainage system, etc.

og
Provisions for storm water to feed lakes and water bodies would enable
recycling of the storm water.
o l
c h n
Smart cities needs to have universal access to electricity 24x7. This may not be

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possible with the existing supply and distribution system. The cities should,

ra t
therefore, shift towards smart metering at the household level and the

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establishment of a smart grid and its integration with the renewable sources to

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meet the demand such as solar and wind energy.

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 Physical Infrastructure
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A 100 Mbps internet backbone coupled with 100% coverage of the area by

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cell phone towers and a high level of telephone penetration will be essential in

a
i c
a Smart City as most services will have to be offered online.

o l og
Urban Development, in terms of development control regulations and many

n
policies governing urban areas are old and need to be reviewed in view of

c h
the changing needs of the city. The building bylaws are archaic and the

Te
provisions like parking space requirements and building heights etc. provided,

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do not meet the demand for the present day. Land in cities is at a premium and

a
the existing FARs does not permit development of high rises, which results in

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high cost of housing. To ensure availability of affordable housing for every

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citizen, the existing FARs and bye-laws needs immediate revision.

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 Social Infrastructure
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Social infrastructure relate to those components that work towards developing
the human and social capital

c a l
og i
Education - The city should have quality educational facilities, both for schools

o l
and higher education in every neighborhood. This can be achieved with e-

h
education and digital content.

c n
Te
Healthcare - High quality healthcare facilities are important factors in making

ra t
a city liveable and attractive for people and businesses. This would necessitate

j a
creation of Electronic Health Record for every resident and adoption of

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telemedicine in every neighborhood.

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 Social Infrastructure
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Entertainment - Good entertainment facilities make the people in a city happy.

i c
Theatres, concert calls, auditoriums, cultural centres, open spaces and plazas

l og
allow opportunities for recreation, so important for healthy and happy living.

n o
c h
Te
Good sports facilities – Children park, stadium, swimming pools, neighborhood

t
sports complex, golf courses.

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 Smart Public Spaces
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 Questions
s i t y
• What is Smart infrastructure ?
v er
n i
l U
• What are the Key Elements of any Smart infrastructure?

a
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