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Acid-Base Reactions - here is the chemical equation for Example: CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
an acid-base reaction that produces potassium chloride, The group IA carbonates do not decompose readily.
a common table salt substitute: HCl + KOH → KCl + H2O
e. Most hydrogen carbonates (bicarbonates), when
Methane (CH4) and oxygen (O2) react to produce heated decompose to form an oxide plus water and
carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). CO2.
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
CH4 and O2 are the reactants, while CO2 and H2O are Example: Ca(HCO3) → CaO = 2CO2 + H2O
the products. When hydrogen carbonates of the Group IA metals are
heated they form a carbonate plus water and CO2.
Sodium metal (Na) reacts with water (H2O) to form
sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H2). Example: 2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
Na and H2O are the reactants, while NaOH and H2O are 3. Substitution or Replacement reaction is a type of
the products. reaction in which a metal replaces another metal ion
from a solution or a nonmetal replaces a less active
Hydrolysis Reaction nonmetal in a compound.
A hydrolysis reaction involves water. The general form The activity series is used to predict the products of
for a hydrolysis reaction is: replacement reaction. In using this series, any free
X-(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ HX(aq) + OH-(aq) metal that is higher on the list will displace from a
solution another metal that is lower. Hydrogen is
Types of Chemical Reactions included in the series although it is not a metal. Any
1. Combination reaction is a type of reaction in which metal above hydrogen in the series will displace
two or more substances (either elements or hydrogen gas from an acid.
compounds) react to form one product.