RC Example-Problems Canete PDF

EXAMPLES
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
Sample No. 1 Determine the maximum positive moment and the negative moment at the fixed
support.
√58 √58
= 1.0879𝑚 6( ) = 6.5278
7 7
Cantilever M= 8.4482 x (1.0879)2/2
MB= 5 kNm
1
FEM’s= 12 (8.4482)(6.5278)2 = 30.000 𝑘𝑁𝑚
25
Mc = 30 + = 42.5 𝑘𝑁𝑚
2
Point of zero shear:
21.829
𝑋= = 2.5839𝑚
8.4482
1
𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑀𝑝𝑜𝑠 = (21.829)(2.5839) − 5 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟐𝟎𝟐 𝒌𝑵𝒎
2

EXAMPLES
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Sample No. 2 Determine the moment at point c.
Columns – steel pipe, outer ø= 300mm, thickness=10mm, G=200 GPa
Rafters – aluminum, I section, Flanges, 250 x 20mm, web 450 x 10 mm, G=83 GPa

EXAMPLES
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𝜋
𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑙 = (3004 − 2804 ) = 95.889𝑥106 𝑚𝑚4
64
1
𝐼𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑡 = (250𝑥4903 − 240𝑥4503 ) = 628.52𝑥106 𝑚𝑚4
12
200 𝑥 95.889
. 75 ( 6 )
𝐷𝐹𝐵𝐴 = = 0.29130
200𝑥95.889 83𝑥628.52
. 75 ( 6 ) +
4√5
𝐷𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0.7087
1 2
𝐹𝐸𝑀′ 𝑠 = (10)(4√5) = 66.6667 𝑘𝑁𝑚
12
0.7087
𝑀𝑐 = 66.667 + (66.667 − 0) = 𝟗𝟎. 𝟐𝟗𝟎 𝒌𝑵𝒎
2

EXAMPLES
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WSD SINGLY
Example 1. Determine the moment capacity of beam if the area of reinforcing bars is 1400
mm2. If fs=120MPa and f’c=20MPa.
200 mm Es 200
n= = = 9.5152 ≈ 10
4.7√f′c 4.7√20
As 1400
ρn = n= (10) = 0.17500
bd (200)(400)
400 mm
k = −ρn + √(ρn 2 ) + 2(ρn )
As
k = −0.175 + √(0.1752 ) + 2(0.175)
k = 0.44195
c = k ∗ d = 0.44195 x 400 = 176.78

bc 3 (200)(176.78)3
Itr = + nAs (d − c)2 = + (10)(1400)(400 − 176.78)2
3 3
𝑰𝒕𝒓 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟔. 𝟎𝟕𝟑 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟒
fc Itr
Due to Concrete: Mcap =
c
(0.45)(20)(1066.073)
Mcap = = 𝟓𝟒. 𝟐𝟕𝟓 𝐤𝐍 − 𝐦
(176.78)
fs Itr
Due to Steel: Mcap =
(d − c)(n)
(120)(1066.073)
Mcap = = 𝟓𝟕. 𝟑𝟏𝟏 𝐤𝐍 − 𝐦
(400−176.78)(10)
∴ 𝑴𝒄𝒂𝒑 = 𝟓𝟒. 𝟐𝟕𝟓 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎

EXAMPLES
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Example 2. Determine the maximum safe load w based on the following stresses, f’c = 25 MPa
and fs = 138 MPa.
2w
1.7 w
5m 4m
A B TOP BARS
C
BOTTOM BARS
400
400
4-32
80 70
2-20
455
375
4-32
70
SECTION B SECTION AB
Es 200
n= = = 8.5106 ≈ 9
4.7√f′c 4.7√25
SECTION B:
4 x 322 x 80
d= + 375 = 441.93 mm
4 x 322 + 2 x 202
𝜋
As (4 x 322 + 2 x 202 )
ρn = n= 4 (9) = 0.195776
bd (400)(441.93)
c = [−ρn + √(ρn 2 ) + 2(ρn ) ] d = 203.23 mm
bc 3 (400)(203.233)3 𝜋
Itr = + nAs (d − c)2 = + (9) ( ) (4 x 322 + 2 x 202 )(441.93 − 203.23)2
3 3 4
𝑰𝒕𝒓 = 𝟑𝟎𝟗𝟏. 𝟎𝟓𝟕 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟒

EXAMPLES
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fc Itr
c
(0.45)(20)(3091.057)
Mneg = = 𝟏𝟕𝟏. 𝟏𝟎𝟖𝟔 𝐤𝐍 − 𝐦
(203.23)
fs Itr
(d − c)(n)
(138)(3091.057)
Mneg = = 𝟏𝟗𝟖. 𝟓𝟓𝟗𝟕 𝐤𝐍 − 𝐦
(441.93−203.23)(9)
∴ 𝑴𝒏𝒆𝒈 = 𝟏𝟕𝟏. 𝟏𝟎𝟖𝟔 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎
SECTION B:
d = 455 mm
𝜋
As (4 x 322 )
ρn = n= 4 (9) = 0.159082
bd (400)(455)
c = [−ρn + √(ρn 2 ) + 2(ρn ) ] d = 194.2768 m
bc 3 (400)(194.2768)3 𝜋
Itr = + nAs (d − c)2 = + (9) ( ) (4 x 322 )(455 − 194.2768)2
3 3 4
𝑰𝒕𝒓 = 𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟓. 𝟖𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟒
fc Itr
c
(0.45)(20)(2945.811)
Mpos = = 𝟏𝟑𝟔. 𝟒𝟔𝟕 𝐤𝐍 − 𝐦
(194.2768)
fs Itr
(d − c)(n)
(138)(2945.811)
M𝑝𝑜𝑠 = = 𝟏𝟕𝟑. 𝟐𝟒𝟓 𝐤𝐍 − 𝐦
(455−194.2768)(9)
∴ 𝑴𝒑𝒐𝒔 = 𝟏𝟑𝟔. 𝟒𝟔𝟕 𝒌𝑵

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
1⁄
𝐷𝐹𝐵𝐴 = 5 = 0.51613
1⁄ + 0.75⁄
5 4
𝐷𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0.48387
FEM’s:
2𝑤 2
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = (5 ) = 2.08334 𝑤
12
1.7 𝑤 2
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = (4 ) 𝑥 1.5 = 3.4 𝑤
12
FINAL M’s:
𝑀𝐵 = 2.08334 𝑤 (0.48387) + 3.4 𝑤 (0.51613) = 2.76307 𝑤
1
𝑀𝐴 = 2.08334 𝑤 + 2(2.08334 w – 3.4 w)(0.51613) = 1.74355 w
𝑀𝐶 = 0
𝑤𝐿 𝑀𝐵 − 𝑀𝐴
𝑉𝐵𝐶 = + = 5.2039 𝑤
2 𝐿
2𝑤(𝑥) = 5.2039 𝑤
𝑥 = 2.60195
5.2039 𝑥 2.60195
Mpos = ( ) (2.76307) = 4.00708 w
2
4.00708 𝑤 = 136.467
𝒘 = 𝟑𝟒. 𝟎𝟓𝟔𝟓 𝒌𝑵⁄𝒎
Mneg = 171.1086
2.76307 𝑤 = 171.1086
𝒘 = 𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕 𝒌𝑵⁄𝒎
∴ 𝒘 = 𝟑𝟒. 𝟎𝟓𝟔𝟓 𝒌𝑵⁄𝒎

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
WSD DOUBLY
In the figure shown, determine the deflection at free end. d’ = 75mm, d = 595mm and b =
360mm. Use f’c = 35 MPa.
220 kN-m 360
75
3-36mm
40 kN-m
520
3-25mm
75
3.20 m
𝐸𝑠 200
𝑛= = = 7.2 𝑠𝑎𝑦 7
4.7√𝑓′𝑐 4.7√35
Solve for As and A’s,

𝜋
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑥(36)2 𝑥 3 = 3053.63𝑚𝑚2
4
𝑛𝐴𝑠 = 7 𝑥 3053.63 = 21375 𝑚𝑚2
𝜋
𝐴′𝑠 = 𝑥(25)2 𝑥 3 = 1472.6 𝑚𝑚2
4
(2𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠 = [(2𝑥7) − 1]𝑥 1472.6 = 1914.4 𝑚𝑚2
360
Let A = b/2, 𝐴 = = 180𝑚𝑚
2
𝐵 = (2𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠 + 𝑛𝐴𝑠 = 1914.4 + 21375 = 40519

𝐶 = (2𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠 𝑑 ′ + 𝑛𝐴𝑠 𝑑 = (19144 𝑥 75) + (21375 𝑥 595) = 14153925
Substitute A, B and C on the equation for c, we obtain

−40519+ √405192 +4(180+14153925)
c= = 189.61𝑚𝑚
2 𝑥 180

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
Calculate Itr,
𝑏𝑐 3
Itr = + 𝑛𝐴𝑠 (𝑑 − 𝑐)2 + ((2𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠 )(𝑐 − 𝑑 ′ )2
3
360+189.612
= + 21375(370.39)2 + 1914.4(114.61) = 4582.3𝑥106 𝑚𝑚4
3
Ec = 4700√𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 4700√35 = 27806 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑃𝐿3 𝑊𝐿4 220(3.2)3 (10)12 40(3.2)4 (10)12

𝛿= + = +
3𝐸𝐼 8𝐸𝐼 3 𝑥 27.806 𝑥 4.5823𝑥102 8 𝑥 27.806 𝑥 4.5823 𝑥 1012
𝜹 = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟗𝟕𝟒𝒎𝒎

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
WSD IRREGULAR
Example 1. Given L = 10m., find max w that the beam can carry safely
100
200
n  9.52 say 10
4.7 20

nA s  10  (20) 2  4  12566mm 2
550
4 400
Assume c  100mm.
350 x 100  50  or  12566(550  100)
100
175000  5654700
75 200 75
therefore : irregular section
A  150/2  75mm.
B  100(200)  12566  32566mm 2
100 2 (200)
C  12566(550)  7911300mm 3
2
c  173.56mm
1 150(173.56) 3
I tr  (200)(100)  (200)(100)(173.56) 
3 2
 12566(550  173.56) 2
12 3
 2364.1  10 6 mm 4
Based on Concrete allowable stresses
fc  .45  20  9 MPa
9(2364.1  10 6 )
Mcap   10  6  122.59kNm
173.56
Based on steel
fs  138MPa
138(2364.1  10 6 ) 1 8M 8  86.667
Mcap   10  6 M  wL 2  w  
(550  173.56)(10) 8 L 2
10 2
 86.667 kN  m  122.59 kN - m w  6.9333kN / m
Therefore Mcap  86.667 kNm

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
USD SINGLY
USD DOUBLY
USD IRREGULAR

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
ONE WAY SLAB
1. SAMPLE PROBLEM
a. Determine the required thickness of a prismatic one way slab shown below (round
up to nearest cm).
b. Determine the required spacing of the bars in the first interior support.
Use grade 40, 10mm diameter bars and fc’=25 MPa.
3.4 m 3.2 m 3.2 m
𝐿 3100
a. = = 129.17mm.
24 24
𝐿 2900
= = 103.57 𝑚𝑚.
28 28
276
Req’d thickness= 129.17[0.4 + 700]
T =102.60 say 110mm
b. wu =1.4[5+(0.11× 24)] + 1.7(3) = 15.796 kPa

1
Mu = 10 (15.796)(3.1)2 = 15.180 𝑘𝑁 (governs)
1 10
Mu =12 (15.796)(2.9)2 = 11.070 d=110-20- 2 = 85 𝑚𝑚
15.18
X=0.9×1000 (0.0852 )276 = 0.03363
276
m =0.85×25 = 12.988
1−√1−2𝑚𝑥
ρ= = 0.0089822
𝑚
1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑜𝑟 = 0.00507 𝑜𝑟 0.004289
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦
∴ 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.00507 < 𝜌
𝛱(10)2
Req’d s= 4(0.0089822)(85) = 102.87 (𝑅𝑂𝑈𝑁𝐷𝐷𝑂𝑊𝑁 𝑇𝑂 100𝑚𝑚)
Smax = 3Ats or 450= 330 (governs) > Req’d s Adopt smallest S:
S= 100 mm

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
STRINGERS
Sample Problem No.1 Compute for the moment of the prismatic stringer shown below. Use
superimposed dead load = 2.1 kPa and a live load of 2.4 kPa and a slab thickness = 110 mm.
Assume beam width = 250mm. Also, assume that the dimension of the stringer is 200 x 500mm.
stringers
8 @ 3.5 m = 28 m
stringers
1. Spans are more than two.

2. Check all the span lengths if it is okay to use the ACI Moment Coefficient:
8
= 1.14286 (𝑂𝐾𝐴𝑌)
7
7.2
= 1.02857 (𝑂𝐾𝐴𝑌)
7
8.2
= 1.0 (𝑂𝐾𝐴𝑌)
7.2
3. Convert Floor Load to Uniform Load:
Total Dead Load:
Superimposed Dead Load = 2.1 kPa

Weight of Stringer = 24 * 0.2 * 0.5
Weight of Slab = 24 * 0.11
= 2.4 kN/m
= 2.64 kPa
4.74 kPa

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
Loading for 8m span:
m = 3.5/8=0.4375
WD = ( 4.74* 3.5)/8 ((3-〖(0.4375)〗^2)/2)*2
= 5.83661 kN/m + 2.4 kN/m
= 8.23661 kN/m
WL = ( 2.4* 3.5)/8 ((3-〖(0.4375)〗^2)/2)*2
= 2.94902 kN/m
Wu = 1.2 (8.23661) + 1.6 (2.94902)
= 14.60236 kN/m
Loading for 7m span:

m = 3.5/7=0.5
WD = ( 4.74 * 3.5)/7 ((3-〖(0.5)〗^2)/2)*2
= 6.5175 kN/m + 2.4 kN/m
= 8.9175 kN/m
WL = ( 2.4* 3.5)/7 ((3-〖(0.5)〗^2)/2)*2
= 3.3 kN/m
Wu = 1.2 (8.9175) + 1.6 (3.3)
= 15.981 kN/m
Loading for 7.2m span:

m = 3.5/7.2=0.48611
WD = ( 4.74* 3.5)/7.2 ((3-〖(0.48611)〗^2)/2)*2
= 6.368 kN/m + 2.4 kN/m
= 8.768 kN/m
WL = ( 2.4* 3.5)/7.2 ((3-〖(0.48611)〗^2)/2)*2
= 3.22431 kN/m
Wu = 1.2 (8.768) + 1.6 (3.22431)
= 15.680 kN/m
Loading for 8.2m span:

m = 3.5/8.2=0.42683
WD = ( 4.74 * 3.5)/8.2 ((3-〖(0.42683)〗^2)/2)*2
= 5.70092 kN/m + 2.4 kN/m
= 8.10092 kN/m
WL = ( 2.4* 3.5)/8.2 ((3-〖(0.42683)〗^2)/2)*2
= 2.88654 kN/m
Wu = 1.2 (8.10092) + 1.6 (2.88654)
= 14.33957 kN/m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
For 8m span:
M = 1/10 Wuln2
= 1/10 (14.60236) (7.75)2
= 87.705 kN-m
M = 1/14 Wuln2
= 1/14 (14.60236) (7.75)2
= 62.647 kN-m
M = 1/24 Wuln2
= 1/24 (14.60236) (7.75)2
= 36.544 kN-m
For 7m span:
M = 1/11 Wuln2
= 1/11 (15.981) (6.75)2
= 66.194 kN-m
M = 1/16 Wuln2
= 1/16 (15.981) (6.75)2
= 45.508 kN-m
For 7.2m span:

M = 1/11 Wuln2
= 1/11 (15.680) (6.95)2
= 68.853 kN-m
M = 1/16 Wuln2
= 1/16 (15.680) (6.95)2
= 47.336 kN-m
For 8.2m span:

M = 1/10 Wuln2
= 1/10 (14.33957) (7.95)2
= 90.63 kN-m
M = 1/14 Wuln2
= 1/14 (14.33957) (7.95)2
= 64.74 kN-m
M = 1/24 Wuln2
= 1/24 (14.33957) (7.95)2
= 37.76 kN-m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
TWO WAY SLAB
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1. Determine the required thickness of the slab shown in the figure. Assume
all beam widths are 300mm x 600mm and all dimensions shown are center-to-center of beams.
Use Gr.40 bars and fc' = 25MPa.
5.0 m
A B
5.2 m
D C
5.0 m
4.2 m 4.5 m 4.2 m
Since the biggest panel is Panel C having clear spans of 4.9m x 4.2m, this is to be
considered:
𝑓𝑦 276
𝑙𝑛 (0.8 +
1400) 4900(0.8 + 1400)
ℎ= = = 105.08 ~110𝑚𝑚
36 + 9𝛽 4900
36 + 9 (
4200)
𝒉 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓. 𝟎𝟖 ~𝟏𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒎

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2.
1.) Determine the req’d thickness of the floor using Grade 60 bars.
2.) Determine the design negative moment at the continuous edge in the long direction of
the middle strip of slab A if total DL is 6.3 kPa and LL is 2.4 kPa.
3.) Determine the design negative moment at the discontinuous edge of slab B in the column
strip in the short direction using the loads in problem 2.
All beam widths = 300 mm
SOLUTIONS :
ln 0.80  fy



1500 4400 0.8 
414 
1500 * 1.10  110 .07 mm  90 * 1.1  99 mm
1.) h  
36  9 4.4
36  9 *
3.5
Re q' d h  110.07mm
2.)
1.2 WD  1.2 * 6.3  7.56
1.6 WL  1.6 * 2.4  3.84
WU  11.4 kPa
CASE 4
3.5
m  0.83333
4.2
Cb neg  0.029  0.33333 * 2 * 0.005  0.032333
M bneg  0.032333 * 11.4 * 4.2 2  6.5020
kN - m/ 1m strip

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
3.)
3.5
m  0.79545
4.4
CASE 8
Ca, pos DL  0.036 - 0.4545 * 2 * 0.004  0.032364
M a,pos DL  0.032364 * 7.56 * 3.52  2.9972
Ca, pos LL  0.049 - 0.4545 * 2 * 0.004  0.045364
M a,pos LL  0.045364 * 3.84 * 3.52  2.1339
M a,pos  2.9972  2.1339  5.1311
Discontinuous Edge (Column Strip)
5.1311 2
M a,neg  *  1.1402 kN - m/m
3 3

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 3.
Design the exterior panel of the two-way slab using direct design method.
Given Data:
fy= 276 MPa

f’c= 33 MPa
g= 0.002
max= 0.04173
min= 0.0052
m= 9.8396
Bar size= 12mm
Assumed beam width= 0.2m
Assumed Depth= 0.4m
Dead Load = 1.83kPa
Live Load = 1.9kPa
Concrete Cover = 20mm
Span Length:
Along z-direction=3m
Along x-direction=2.15m
Clear Span Length:

Along z-direction=3-0.2= 2.8m
Therefore: ln = 2.8m
Along x-direction=2.15-0.2= 1.95m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
Slab Thickness:
Assume conventional slab with stiff beams (𝛼𝑓 > 2.0)
= 2.8/1.95 = 1.4359
𝑓𝑦
𝑙𝑛 (0.8 + 1400) 2.8(0.8 + 276 )
ℎ= = 1400 = 57.07~60𝑚𝑚
36 + 9𝛽 36 + 9(1.4359)
therefore: h=100mm since 100 is the minimum slab thickness
Load Calculation:
Total Factored Load= 1.2(1.83+24*.1)+1.6(1.9)= 8.12kPa
At Z-direction
End Span, Slabs with beams between all support
Exterior Side Interior Side
ln 2.8m 2.8m
l1 3m 3m
l2 1.075m 2.15m
lB=bh^3/12 1.6𝑥109 𝑚𝑚4 2.13𝑥109 𝑚𝑚4
lS=bh^3/12 9x107 𝑚𝑚4 1.79𝑥108 𝑚𝑚4
𝑤𝑙𝑛 𝑙2 2
Mo= 3.28kN-m 13.13kN-m
8
 17.8605 11.9070
X1 = assumed beam width = 200mm

Y1 = assumed depth = 400mm
X2 = h = 100mm
Y2 = smallest between 4h and Y1-h = 300mm
𝑥 𝑥3
𝐶 = ∑ (1 − 0.63 ) 𝑦
𝑦 3
200 2003 𝑥400 100 1003 𝑥300

𝐶 = (1 − 0.63 )( ) + (1 − 0.63 )( ) = 8.1𝑥108 𝑚𝑚4
400 3 300 3
𝐸𝑐𝑏 𝐶
𝛽𝑡 = = 1.6193
2𝐸𝑐𝑠 𝐼𝑠

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
Based from the NSCP 2010 Code Sec. 413.7.3.3;
Since the kind of slab has beams between all supports, the Interior Neg. Moment is 0.7, the
Positive Moment is 0.63 and the Exterior Neg. Moment is 0.16.
Column strip for Exterior Negative Moment

Column strip 0.5375m 1.075m
𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 0.3583 0.7167
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 6.4 8.5333
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 = 0 75 75
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 > 1 94.25% 83.5%
Col. Strip 94.25% 83.5%
Middle strip 5.75% 16.5%
Moment 0.03kN-m 0.347kN-m
Overall width 0.5375m 1.075m
Moment 0.056 kN-m/m 0.322 kN-m/m
Width of side 0.80625 m 0.5375 m
Total Exterior Negative Moment = 0.1627
Column strip for Exterior Positive Moment

𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 0.3583 0.7167
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 6.4 8.5333
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 = 0 60 60
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 > 1 94.25% 83.5%
Col. Strip 94.25% 83.5%
Total Exterior Positive Moment = 0.16013
At X-Direction
End Span, Slabs with beams between all supports
Left Side Right Side
ln 2.8m 2.8m
l1 2.15m 2.15m
l2 2.75m 2.75m
lB=bh^3/12 2.1𝑥109 𝑚𝑚4 2𝑥109 𝑚𝑚4
lS=bh^3/12 2.3x108 𝑚𝑚4 2𝑥108 𝑚𝑚4
𝑤𝑙𝑛 𝑙2 2
Mo= 21.48kN-m 21.48kN-m
8
 9.3091 9.3091

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
X1 = 200mm
Y1 = 400mm
X2 = 100mm
Y2 = 300mm
𝑥 𝑥3
𝐶 = ∑ (1 − 0.63 ) 𝑦
𝑦 3
200 2003 𝑥400 100 1003 𝑥300

𝐶 = (1 − 0.63 )( ) + (1 − 0.63 )( ) = 8.1𝑥108 𝑚𝑚4
400 3 300 3
𝐸𝑐𝑏 𝐶
𝛽𝑡 = = 2.2595
2𝐸𝑐𝑠 𝐼𝑠
Based from the NSCP 2010 Code Sec. 413.7.3.3;
Since the kind of slab has beams between all supports, the Interior Neg. Moment is 0.7, the Positive
Moment is 0.63 and the Exterior Neg. Moment is 0.16.
Column strip for Exterior Negative Moment

𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 0.3583 0.7167
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 6.4 8.5333
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 = 0 75 75
⁄
𝛼𝑙2 𝑙1 > 1 94.25% 83.5%
Col. Strip 94.25% 83.5%
Total Exterior Negative Moment = 0.4476
Column strip for Exterior Positive Moment

𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 0.3583 0.7167
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 6.4 8.5333
⁄
𝛼𝑙2 𝑙1 = 0 60 60
𝛼𝑙2 ⁄𝑙1 > 1 94.25% 83.5%
Col. Strip 94.25% 83.5%
Total Exterior Positive Moment = 0.15012

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
DESIGN ALONG Z-DIRECTION
For Bottom Bars
Ext. Neg. Moment = 0.1627
d = h – cc- .5db = 100 – 20 - 1.5(12) = 62mm
𝑀𝑢 (0.1627𝑥 106 )
𝑥= = = 0.0002
𝜙𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑦 0.9𝑥1000𝑥622 𝑥276
1 − √1 − 2𝑚𝑥 1 − √1 − 2(9.8396)(0.0002)
𝜌= = = 0.0002
𝑚 9.8396
min= 0.0052
Since min is greater than , therefore use min
𝐴𝑏 𝜋122⁄
𝑠 = = 4 = 350.39~350𝑚𝑚
𝜌𝑑 0.0052(62)
Smax = 450 or 3h, whichever is lesser.
Since 3h = 3x100,
Therefore; Smax = 200mm
Smax
Since s is greater than Smax, therefore use Smax
Spacing of the bottom bars is 200mm
For Top Bars (z-direction)

For the design of top bars, same procedure with the bottom bars. The only difference is the maximum
moment.
d = h – cc- .5db = 100 – 20 - 1.5(12) = 62mm
𝑀𝑢 (0.16𝑥 106 )
𝑥= = = 0.0002
𝜙𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑦 0.9𝑥1000𝑥622 𝑥276
1 − √1 − 2𝑚𝑥 1 − √1 − 2(9.8396)(0.0002)
𝜌= = = 0.0002
𝑚 9.8396
min= 0.0052
𝐴𝑏 𝜋122⁄
𝑠 = = 4 = 350.39~350𝑚𝑚
𝜌𝑑 0.0052(62)

Since 3h = 3x100,
Spacing of the top bars is 200mm

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
DESIGN ALONG X-DIRECTION
For Bottom Bars
d = h – cc- .5db = 100 – 20 - 1.5(12) = 62mm
𝑀𝑢 (0.4476𝑥 106 )
𝑥= = = 0.0005
𝜙𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑦 0.9𝑥1000𝑥622 𝑥276
1 − √1 − 2𝑚𝑥 1 − √1 − 2(9.8396)(0.0005)
𝜌= = = 0.0002
𝑚 9.8396
min= 0.0052
𝐴𝑏 𝜋122⁄
𝑠 = = 4 = 350.39~350𝑚𝑚
𝜌𝑑 0.0052(62)
Since 3h = 3x100,
Spacing of the bottom bars is 200mm
For Top Bars (x-direction)

For the design of top bars, same procedure with the bottom bars. The only difference is the maximum
moment.
d = h – cc- .5db = 100 – 20 - 1.5(12) = 62mm
𝑀𝑢 (0.15𝑥 106 )
𝑥= = = 0.0002
𝜙𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑦 0.9𝑥1000𝑥622 𝑥276
1 − √1 − 2𝑚𝑥 1 − √1 − 2(9.8396)(0.0002)
𝜌= = = 0.0002
𝑚 9.8396
min= 0.0052
𝐴𝑏 𝜋122⁄
𝑠 = = 4 = 350.39~350𝑚𝑚
𝜌𝑑 0.0052(62)
Since 3h = 3x100,
Spacing of the top bars is 200mm

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SHEAR
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1. Design the shear reinforcements of the beam shown using 10 mm dia., two
legged stirrups. The beam width is 300 mm and effective depth is 630 mm. Use f’c = 24 MPa & Gr. 60
stirrups.
707  2503 500  600

VAB   
2 7 7
VAB  337.86 kN
707  2504 600  500

VBA   
2 7 7
VBA  402.14 kN
Vc  0.17 f' cbd

2 10
 
2
 0.17(1) 24 300630 10 3
AV   157.08 mm 2
4
Vc  157.40 kN
3157.08276
s max   433.54 mm
300
630 mm
  315 mm  (governs) say 300 mm
2
 600 mm
433.54
s min   44.248 mm
2 24

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
Designof rightside:
Vmax  VBC - WU d
 402.14 - 700.63  358.04kN
For minimumshearreinforcement
A V fy d 157.08276630
VS    86.708kN
s 300
VU  0.85157 .40  86 .708   207 .49 kN
VBA - VU 402.14 - 207.49

x1    2.7807m
WU 70
@ distance " d" from support:

A Vf yd
s
VU
  VC

 
157.08276 630 10 -3
358.04
- 157.40
0.85
 103.53 mm say 100 mm
use 10 mm, 1 @ 50 mm, rest @ 100 mm

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1. Determine the 2 – legged stirrups, 10 mm ф stirrups, 2h from fixed
support.
𝐾𝑁 𝐾𝑁
WDL = 50 𝑚2 PLL = 150 𝑚2
𝐾𝑁
WLL = 30 𝑚2 fc’ = 27
𝐾𝑁
PDL = 150 𝑚2 Grade 40 rebars, cc = 40 mm.
Main bars = 20 mm. ɸ
B = 300
4m h = 600
400 x 400
4m 5m
Solution:
IAB = 44 = 256
IBC = 3 × 63 = 648
256
0.75 ×
4
DFBA = 0.75 × 256 648 = 0.4
+
4 9
DFBC = 0.60
𝐾𝑁
WU = (1.4 × 50) + (1.7 × 30) = 121 𝑚
𝐾𝑁
PU= = (1.4 × 150) + (1.7 × 80) = 345 𝑚

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
Fixed End Moments
121 × 92 346 × 4 × 52
MBC = + = 1243.91 kNm
12 92
121 × 92 346 × 42 × 5
MB = + = 1158.48 kNm
12 92
Final Moments
MB = 1243.91 × 0.4 = 497.56 kNm
0.6
MC = 1158.48 + (1243.91) = 1531.65 kNm
2
Shears
121 ×9 497.56 −1531.65 4 ( 346 )
VCB = − + = 813.18 kNm
2 9 9
@ 2h = 2 × 60 = 1.2m from fixed support

1
VC = 6
√27 × 300 × 540 × 10-3 = 140.29 kN
20
d = 600 – 40 – 10 – = 540 mm
2
𝜋 ×102
AV = 2 × = 157.08 mm2
4
157.08 × 276 × 540
Req’d S = 667.98 × 10-3 = 36.265 mm
− 140.3
0.85
3 × 157.08 × 276
Min S = = 41.717 mm > 36.265
2 × √27 × 300
∴Req’d S not allowed. Increase web width!

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
TORSION
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1.
a. Determine Vu and Tu at 0.75h from the fixed support
b. Determine the torsion can be neglected.
c. Determine ØTn @ 0.75h from the support.
d. Assuming torsion to be considered, determine if the section is adequate for shear and torsion
Span Length = 7m fc’ = 20 MPa Gr. 40 bars

Concrete Cover = 50 mm 4-20 mm Ø main bars 10 mm stirrups
Load: WDL = 10 kPa WLL = 6 kPa
Solution:
a. Determine Vu and Tu at 0.75h from the fixed support
Wu = 1.20 {(0.4*0.2 + 0.1*0.8) 24+10*0.10} + 1.60 (6*1.0)

= 26.208 kN/m
0.75*400 = 300 mm
Vu @ 0.75h = 26.208 (7/2 – 0.30) = 83.866 kN

Tu = 1.20 (0.1*24+10) +(1.60*6)*1.0*0.40 = 9.792 kN/m
Tu @ 0.75h = 9.792 (7/2 – 0.30) = 31.334 kN-m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
b. Determine if torsion can be neglected
Formula:
Ø𝜆√𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴𝑐𝑝2
Tu ≤ 12
( 𝑃𝑐𝑝 )
0.75 ∗ 1.0 ∗ √20 (200 ∗ 400 + 100 ∗ 300).2
{ )
12 200 + 400 + 500 + 100 + 300 + 300
= 1878.918 kN/mm or 1.879 kN/m < 31.334
 Torsion must be considered
100 mm
400 mm
300 mm
200 mm
c. Determine ØTn @ 0.75h from the support

Ø 2𝐴𝑜 𝐴𝑡 𝑓𝑦𝑡
Ø𝑇𝑛 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡Ø
𝑠
400-2*(50-10) = 290 mm
Ø = 45°
Ag = 0.85 Ao h = 0.85*90*290= 22185 mm²

3.1416 2
0.75 ∗ 2 ∗ 221 ∗ 5 ∗ 4 ∗ 10 ∗ 276
Ø𝑇𝑛 =
150
= 4809.04 N-mm or 4.809 kN-m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
a. Assuming torsion to be considered, determine if the section is adequate for shear and torsion.
𝑇𝑢
𝐴𝑡 =
Ø 2𝐴𝑜 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑡Ø
31.334
𝐴𝑡 =
0.75 ∗ 2 ∗ 22.185 ∗ 276
= 3.41165
d = 400-50-10-20/2 =330 mm
𝑉𝑙 = 0.17𝜆√𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
= 0.17 ∗ 1.0 ∗ √20 ∗ 200 ∗ 300

= 501.770
𝑉𝑢
− 𝑉𝑐
Ø
𝐴𝑣 = 𝑠
𝑓𝑦 𝑑
83.866
− 50.171
𝐴𝑣 = 0.75 𝑠
276 ∗ 330
= 0.67682 s
2At +Av =3.4116s +0.67682s = 7.500s
Required s:
3.14.16
4∗ ∗10²
4
𝑠 =
7.50
= 41.888 <150 mm
INADEQUATE

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2.
1. Determine the maximum design Vu and Tu.
2. Determine if torsion needs to be considered.
Stirrup size= 10 mm PL= 40 kN

′
Main bar size= 25 mm fc = 26 MPa
WD= 5 kPa (including slab and beam weight) fy= 276 Mpa
WL= 3 kPa
Concrete Unit Weight= 24 kN/ m3
1.) WD = 5*1.3+(0.6*0.3+1*0.12)*24= 13.7 kN/m

WU= 1.2*13.7+1.6*3*1.3= 22.68 kN/m
PU= 1.28*100+1.6*40= 184 kN
22.68∗8 4.5 3.5∗4.5

VA = + 184 [ 8 + (4.5 − 3.5)]
2 83
VA= 199.88 kN
At “d” distance from A1

25
d= 600 − (40 + 10 + ) = 537.5 mm
2
VU= 199.88 − 22.68 ∗ 0.5375 = 187.69 kN
TU= PU ∗ e = 184 ∗ 1.15 = 211.6 kN − m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
TA LA TB LB LB
= → TA = T
GJ GJ LA B
TA+ TB = TU
TU LA TU LA TA
TB = = =T =
LB LA +LB L L
+1
LA
b tU L
TA= TU +
L 2
tU=w*e=[1.2(5*1.3+1.3*0.12*24)+1.6*3*1.3]*0.65= 12.046 kN-m/m
4.5 12.046∗8
TA= 211.6* 8 + 2
=167.21 kN-m
At “d” distance from A1,
TU=167.21-0.5875*12.046
TU=160.74 kN-m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SHORT COLUMNS
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1. Determine the forces Pn and Mn for c=200mm using the section shown below.
f’c=24MPa and Gr. 60 bars. Cc
Cs
Ts
0.85 f’c
70 130 200
€st tsc
a  1c  0.85 * 200  170mm
200
C C  0.85 f ' c(ab)  0.85 * 24 *170 * 500 *10 3  1734kN
d c 330  200
f st  * 600  * 600  390MPa
c 200
 414MPa

Ts  f st As  390 * 4 * * 25 2 *10 3  765.76kN
4
cd 200  70
f sc  * 600  * 600  390MPa
c 200
 414MPa

C s  ( f sc  0.85 f ' c) As  (390 - 0.85 * 24) * 4 * * 25 2 *10 3  725.71kN
4
F  0 Pn  1734  725.71  765.76
Pn  1693.95kN.m
 170  3
M  0 Mn  (725.71  765.76) * (200  70)  1734 200   *10
 2 
Mn  393.30kN.m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2. Determine the values of Pno and Pn for the column section shown below using
the following data:
f’c = 28MPa, 10mm ties and concrete cover of 40mm.
Gr. 60 bars, fy = 414 MPa
Axial factored compressive load Pu = 600 kN
Pnx = 2250 kN and Pny = 1300kN
400.00
8-25Ø
400.00
Pno = 0.85f ′ c Ac + Ast fy

 
Pno = 0.85(28) [4002 − 252 (8)] + 252 (8)(414)
4 4
𝐏𝐧𝐨 = 𝟓𝟑𝟒𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟏. 𝟖𝟏𝟕𝐍𝐨𝐫𝟓𝟑𝟒𝟎. 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟐𝐤𝐍
1  1 1 1    0.65 column w/ ties

    ;
φPn  φPnx φPny φPno    0.75 column w/ spiral
Pno  0.65(0.85 f ' cAc  As fy ) 1 1 1 1

  
Pno  0.65(5340.31182) Pn 2250 1300 5340 .312
Pno  3471.2027 kN 1
 1.4009 x10 3
Pn
Pn  713 .81 kN  Pu  600 kN (SAFE! ! )

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 3. Determine the required pitch of the 10mm spiral for the column section with a
diameter of 600mm. Use concrete cover of 50mm and main bar diameter of 28mm. f’c=30MPa Gr. 60
bars.
 Ag  2  f ' c
 s  0.45   1 *
 Ach   fyt
 
Ag  D2  (600) 2
4 4
Ag  282743.34mm2
 
Ac  dc 
2
(500) 2
4 4
Ac 196349.54 mm2
Ag 282743.34
  1.44
Ac 196349.54
30
 s  0.454[*((110.44
) ]
 1) *2  0.014348
4 Asp 4 414
s =  43.791mm
d ch  s 0.01438(550)
43.791 10  33.791
 75mm
 25mm
Req’d. s=43.791mm

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
LONG COLUMNS
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1. Determine the design forces Pu and Mu. Use K=0.90 (effective length factor)
6  32 bars M top

12mm lateral ties
375mm l u  6.2m
M bottom
375mm
SERVICE LOADS
P Mtop (kN-m) Mbottom (kN-m)
Dead Loads 750 kN 40 20
Live Loads 450 kN 68 34
Solution
r = 0.3(375) = 112.5 mm
klu 0.9 * 6200  2 *1.0539 x1010
  49.6 PC   3340.6kN
r 112.5 (0.9 * 6200) 2
M1 Cm 0.4
 0.5    1.138
M2 P
1 u 1  1620
0.75PC 0.75 * 3340.6
M u  1.1381.240  1.668  177.47kN  m

klu
34  12(0.5)  40   long columns
r
Cm  0.6  0.9(0.5)  0.4  Pu  1620kN ; M u  177.47kN  m
Pu  1.2(750)  1.6(450)  1620kN
1.2(750)
Bd   0.55556
1620
Ec  4.7 28  24.870 GPa
0.4 * 1 * 345 4 * 24.870
EI  12  1.0539 x1010 kN  mm 2
1  0.55556

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2. Determine if columns A (300x300) and B (400x400) are long or short under gravity
and earthquake load combination.
7 8 7
A B
5
Beams are 300x600 mm
Column A
Lu = 5.0 – 0.3 = 4.7m
R = 0.3 x 300 = 90 mm
K=?
𝜓𝐵 = 0
34 33
+
𝜓𝐴 = 5 23 = 0.533
3𝑥6
8
From nomograph with side sway
𝐾𝑙𝑢 1.08 𝑥 4700
= = 56.4 > 22 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛
𝑟 90
Column B
Lu = 9-0.3 = 7.7 m
R = 0.3 x 400 = 120 mm
K=?
𝜓𝐵 = 0
44 44
+
𝜓𝐴 = 8 23 = 1.267
3𝑥6
7
From nomograph with side sway
𝐾𝑙𝑢 1.2 𝑥 7700
= = 77 > 22 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛
𝑟 1200

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 3.
A. Determine the design forces in the column shown

f’c= 20mPa
Gr. 40
B. Determine the tie spacing requirements.
25𝑥503
4
DFbc= = 0.83887
25𝑥503 3504
+
4 10
DFba= 0.16113 (Solving for Distribution factor to use in solving the Final Moments)
FEM’s:
180 120
Mbc= 42[ 20 + 30
] = 𝟐𝟎𝟖 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎
180 120
Mcb= 42[ 30 + 20
] = 𝟏𝟗𝟐 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎
(Solving the FEM’s of the given system, will be multiply to DF to get the Final Moments)
Final Moments:
Mb= 208*0.16113=35.515 kN-m (Mu2)
0.83887
Mc= 192+ 2
∗ 208=279.24 kN-m

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
35.515
M a= =16.758 kN-m (Mu1)
2
4 33.515−279.24
Pu= Vbc= 6 (2 ∗ 180 + 120) + 4
= 𝟐𝟓𝟖. 𝟓𝟕 𝒌𝑵 (Solving for axial load)
500
lu= 10,000𝑚𝑚 − 2
= 𝟗𝟕𝟓𝟎𝒎𝒎 (lu must be decreased by the half of the beam thickness)
a= 0 (because it is fix)

354
b= 10
25∗503 /4
= 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟎𝟖 (using the equation in the 1st example)
From chart of non-sway frames, k= 0.54
r= 0.3*350mm=105mm (for rectangular columns 0.3h)

9750
klu/r= 0.54 ∗ 105 = 𝟓𝟎. 𝟏𝟒𝟑 (using the formula for non-sway frames)
1
34 − 12[𝑀2 /𝑀1 ] = 34 − 12 (− 2) = 𝟒𝟎 < 𝟓𝟎. 𝟏𝟒𝟑
Therefore: LONG COLUMN
1
Cm= 0.6 + 0.4 (− 2) = 𝟎. 𝟒
1
4700√20∗ ∗3504
EI= 12
∗ 0.4 = 𝟔. 𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟔𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟑 𝑵 − 𝒎𝒎𝟐
1+0.7
𝜋2 𝐸𝐼 6.1846𝑥1013
PC= (𝑘𝑙𝑢)2 = 𝜋 2 ∗ (0.54∗9750)2 ∗ 10−3 = 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟎𝒌𝑵
Cm
𝛿= = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟔𝟑𝟔 < 1.0
Pu
1−
0.75Pc
Therefore:
𝛿 = 𝟏. 𝟎
Therefore the design forces are:

Pu= 258.57 kN
Mu1= 16.758 kN-m
Mu2= 33.515 kN-m
B. Required spacing of 10mmties

16db=16 ∗ 20 = 𝟑𝟐𝟎𝒎𝒎 (𝒈𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒏𝒔)
48dbt=48 ∗ 10 = 480𝑚𝑚
Least column dimension= 350mm (rounding it up to the nearest 50)

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1. A cantilever beam is reinforced with four 28-mm diameter bar with fy = 276 MPa.
Use f’c = 27.6 MPa and assume side, top, and bottom cover to be greater than 65mm. Determine the
required development length if a 90° hook is used.
Using the Eq.1.8-1 from the development of standard hooks in tension and the modification factor no. 1
we will solve for the development length of standard hooks. Then check for ldh limits,
Using a 90° hook:
𝑑ℎ = 𝑜.24 𝑒 𝑓𝑦 ∗ 𝑑𝑏
√𝑓′ 𝑐
ldh = (0.24*1*276/1 √27.6)*28
ldh = 353.04mm
which ldh shall not be less than 8db which is 224mm or less than 150mm.
Modification factor for 90° hook (NSCP 2010 Sec. 412.6.3)
m = 0.70
Required development length, ldh = 353.04*0.70
Required development length, ldh = 247.13, say ldh = 250mm

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2. A rectangular beam having a width of 400 mm has an effective depth of 535 mm.
It is reinforced with 3-28 mm Ø bars extend 100 mm past the centerline of supports.
Α = 1.0 (bottom bars), β = 1.0 (uncoated reinforced), λ = 1.0 (normal weight concrete). The beam
carries a factored uniform load of Vu = 117 kN/m. The beam has a span between supports equal 6m.
Using f’c = 20.7 MPa, fy = 414.7 MPa.
a.) Compute the required development length.

b.) Compute the nominal moment capacity of the beam.
c.) Compute the furnished development length and indicate if it is properly anchored at the
support or not.
Wu = 117 kN/m
3-28 mm 2-28 mm
a.) We can compute for the development length by using

the Formula (see NSCP 412.3.2) given below and the factor
that you can found in NSCP 412.3.4.Since the diameter of
the bar is larger than 25 mm, we will use the formula in the
table in that can see in NSCP.
β = 1.0 3-28 mm
λ = 1.0
α = 1.0
Ld = 3fy α β λ = 9 (414.7) (1) (1) (1)

db 5 √f’c 10 √20.7

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
The db is the diameter of the bar which is 28 mm. Substitute it
And we can get the development length.
Ld = 54.69
db
Ld = 54.69 (28)
Then, the value of development length will be:

Ld = 1531.29 mm
b.) Nominal moment capacity:

At first we must compute for the area in order to compute the moment capacity.
As = π (28)2 (3) = 1847 mm2
4
T=Asfy
And the, we can now compute for the value of a.
T = 0.85f’cab
Asfy = 0.85f’cab
1847 (414.7) = 0.85(20.7) (a) (400)
a = 108.83 mm
By getting the unknown value, we can now substitute it to compute for the moment capacity of the
reinforced concrete.
Mn = Asfy (d – a/2)
Mn = 1847(414.7)(535 – 108.83/2)
Mn = 368 x 106 kN.m. (nominal moment strength).

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013
c.) Furnished development length:
In getting the furnished development, we must got first the shear value to substitute in the formula.
Vu = WL/2
=117(6) = 3541 kN
2
We use 1.3 because we must increase 30 percent in the value Mn/Vu when the ends of reinforcement
are confined by a compressive reaction. It must not greater than the development that we computed for
us to say it was properly anchored.
Ld < 1.3Mn + La
Vu
Ld < 1.3(368) + 0.100

351
Ld < 1.463 mm
1531.29 mm > 1463 mm (not ok!)
The furnished development length is less than the required development length and because of this we
can say that the beam is not properly anchored at the supports.

EXAMPLES
Copyright © 2013

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EXAMPLES

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

k = −ρn + √(ρn 2 ) + 2(ρn )

c = k ∗ d = 0.44195 x 400 = 176.78

∴ 𝑴𝒄𝒂𝒑 = 𝟓𝟒. 𝟐𝟕𝟓 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

c = [−ρn + √(ρn 2 ) + 2(ρn ) ] d = 203.23 mm

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

∴ 𝑴𝒏𝒆𝒈 = 𝟏𝟕𝟏. 𝟏𝟎𝟖𝟔 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎

c = [−ρn + √(ρn 2 ) + 2(ρn ) ] d = 194.2768 m

∴ 𝑴𝒑𝒐𝒔 = 𝟏𝟑𝟔. 𝟒𝟔𝟕 𝒌𝑵

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

𝒘 = 𝟑𝟒. 𝟎𝟓𝟔𝟓 𝒌𝑵⁄𝒎

𝒘 = 𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕 𝒌𝑵⁄𝒎

∴ 𝒘 = 𝟑𝟒. 𝟎𝟓𝟔𝟓 𝒌𝑵⁄𝒎

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

220 kN-m 360

Solve for As and A’s,

𝐵 = (2𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠 + 𝑛𝐴𝑠 = 1914.4 + 21375 = 40519

Substitute A, B and C on the equation for c, we obtain

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

Ec = 4700√𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 4700√35 = 27806 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝐿3 𝑊𝐿4 220(3.2)3 (10)12 40(3.2)4 (10)12

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

3.4 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

T =102.60 say 110mm

b. wu =1.4[5+(0.11× 24)] + 1.7(3) = 15.796 kPa

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

1. Spans are more than two.

3. Convert Floor Load to Uniform Load:

Total Dead Load:

Superimposed Dead Load = 2.1 kPa

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

Loading for 7m span:

Loading for 7.2m span:

Loading for 8.2m span:

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

For 7.2m span:

For 8.2m span:

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

4.2 m 4.5 m 4.2 m

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

fy= 276 MPa

Clear Span Length:

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

X1 = assumed beam width = 200mm

200 2003 𝑥400 100 1003 𝑥300

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

Column strip for Exterior Negative Moment

Column strip for Exterior Positive Moment

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

200 2003 𝑥400 100 1003 𝑥300

Based from the NSCP 2010 Code Sec. 413.7.3.3;

Column strip for Exterior Negative Moment

Column strip for Exterior Positive Moment

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN Engr. ALBERTO C. CAÑETE

Wu = 1.20 {(0.40.2 + 0.10.8) 24+100.10} + 1.60 (61.0)

Ag = 0.85 Ao h = 0.8590290= 22185 mm²

1.) WD = 51.3+(0.60.3+10.12)24= 13.7 kN/m

tU=we=[1.2(51.3+1.30.1224)+1.631.3]*0.65= 12.046 kN-m/m

ldh = (0.241276/1 √27.6)*28