ECOLOGY

By: Nikki Ria Zosima

CE 77 - A
ECOLOGY
• Branch of Biology that studies how living things interact with each other in the
environment.
• The scientific study of the distributions, abundance and relations of organisms
and their interactions with the environment.
• Ecology also includes the study of plant and animal populations, plant and
animal communities and ecosystems.
BIOTIC ABIOTIC
• Living factors in an ecosystem • Nonliving factors in an ecosystem
LEVELS OF STUDYING ECOLOGY

Organisms Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

1. ORGANISMS
• also known for its individuality and the smallest level of ecological
organization
• Ex. An individual giraffe

2. POPULATION
• the second level of ecological organization
• Consists the group of organisms which share the same geographic
location or a single species
• Ex. Group of giraffes living in Savannah
3. COMMUNITY
• Consists the interacting populations which occupy the same geographic
location. Which is all the living organisms
• Ex. Giraffes, Zebra, Cheetah, Leopards are found in Savannah

4. ECOSYSTEM
• Consists of the biological community and all the abiotic factors
affecting it.
• Ex. Giraffes, Zebra, Cheetah, Water, Sunlight, Soil, Temperature
that are found in Savannah
4. BIOME
• Large group of ecosystems with similar climates, plants and animals
• Ex. Savannah, along with the Grassland, Rainforest, Desert, and the
Mediterranean make up the South Africa Biome.

6. BIOSPHERE
• Consists of ALL the Biomes which we call the Earth itself
CIVIL ENGINEERING
• Deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and
naturally built environment, including works such as roads, bridges, canals,
dams, airports, sewerage systems, pipelines, and railways.
HOW IS ECOLOGY RELATED TO
CIVIL ENGINEERING?
 ECOLOGY and CIVIL ENGINEERING
Ecology and Civil Engineering are somehow related to each other because of the two
factors that make up Ecology. The Biotic and the Abiotic Factor which means living factors
and nonliving factors that make up the ecosystem. Ecology as a whole means the study of
living things, those living factors could be animals, bacteria or us humans. For us to live
comfortably, we need to have Civil Engineering to provide our habitat --- buildings, roads,
bridges and other infrastructures to pursue our daily lives.

Civil Engineering gives life to the Ecosystem. It gives solution to a polluted place just as
how ecological field could make the living things live longer. Civil Engineering makes a
clean environment cleaner by facilitating a treatment to produce clean drinking water and
energy needs to save the Ecosystem.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF ECOLOGY IN CIVIL
ENGINEERING
Ecology without Civil Engineering would be hard. For example, we humans must
have a place to live, what if Civil Engineering wasn’t discovered and we didn’t
have shelter, roads, infrastructures up to what we have today. There will be a lot
of living things but they are not sheltered according to their habitat. They would
be scattering around right now.

Civil Engineering to Ecology provides solutions to problems in the environment.

We need Civil Engineering in Ecology because it is all about development,
community service, advancement and preserving the Ecosystem