LAND DEGRADATION and 

DESERTIFICATION ASSSESSMENT
DESERTIFICATION ASSSESSMENT 
IN INDONESIA

Beijing, 11 April 2011

Beijing, 11 April 2011

Dr. Syaiful Anwar
D S if l A
Deputy Director for Watershed Management
Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia
ONE OF THE BEAUTIFUL SCENARY OF CHINA
ONE OF THE BEAUTIFUL SCENARY OF CHINA
ONE OF THE DEGRADED LAND IN INDONESIA
ONE OF THE DEGRADED LAND IN INDONESIA
MAP of INDONESIA
MAP of INDONESIA 
The root tuber
appea
appear
IN THE CONTEX OF WATERSHED 
UPSTREAM

EROSION IN 
AGRICULTURE LAND
FOREST CUTTING

LANDSLIDE
 MIDDLE PART

DROUGHT

Irigated area of Cipancuh reservoir

Jatiluhur reservoir 
Jatiluhur reservoir
4 September 2003 (+ 77.04 m dpl)

Waduk Cipancuh untuk mengairi
Daerah Irigasi Selatan Jatiluhur
 DOWNSTREAM

SAMPAH DI SUNGAI

Banjir
 CONSTRAIN FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT

Contraints for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Degraded 
Land at semi arid areas or dry subhumid tropics are:
Land, at semi arid areas or dry subhumid tropics are:
• Low rainfall (<1000 mm/year)
• Simple /traditional agriculture technology
• Poor farmers
P f

These conditions cause the development of sustainable 
agriculture become:
• Costly
• Somewhat difficult
Somewhat difficult
• Risky to failure 
Therefore some farmers, in order to sustain 
their life, have to undertake activities that might 
deteriorate the environment such as : 
– cutting woods to the forest,
– squattering forest land and practicing shifting 
cultivation, 
– farming on steepland, and 
– other farming practices without adequate soil and 
water conservation techniques.
These conditions have resulted in :
These conditions have resulted in :
• Low family income, poor farmers
• Many children at school age did not go to 
Many children at school age did not go to
school
• Many divorce cases
Many divorce cases
• Lack of food, malnutrition diseases
• Low agriculture production
Lo agric lt re prod ction
• Poor environment condition
• Severe erosion
• High unemployment 
 PROCESS OF LD CLASSIFICATION 

Slope Map (%) Erosion Map (Weight 15%)

(Weight 20%) Class Score
Class Score Sli ht
Slight 5
0-8 5 Moderate 4
8 - 15 4 Severe 3
15 - 25 3 Extreme 2
25 - 40 2
Managemen M
M Map (W
(Weight
i ht 30%)
> 40 1
Class Score
Productivity Map (Weight 30%) Good 5
Class (%) Score Medium 3
Very high > 80 5 Bad 1
High 61-80 4
Medium 41-60 3 Outcrop Map (Weight 5%)
Low 21-40 2 Class Score
Intersect/overlay
Very Low < 20 1 Low 5
L dD
Land Degradation
d ti M Map Medium 3
High 1
Land Degradation Level
Level of Degradation Total Score
Very degraded 120-180
Degraded 181-270
Slightly degraded 271-360
Potentially degraded 361-450
Not degraded 451-500
Dryy area ((semi arid))
NTB & NTT Provinces
 DEGRADED LAND
CALSSIFICATION (ha)
NO FUNGSI KAWASAN TOTAL
Slightly Highly
Degraded
degraded degraded

I Non Forest Land 16.082.933 8.587.558 2.102.753 26.773.245

II Forest Land 31.527.148 14.718.675 4.787.813 51.033.636

1 Conservation Forest 3.002.261 1.021.015 332.077 4.355.352

2 Protected Forest 6.051.764 2.527.270 724.664 9.303.699

3 Production Forest 8.919.109 4.284.581 2.052.204 15.255.895

4 Convertion Forest 5.367.368 4.212.741 969.213 10.549.323

Limited Production
5 Forest 8.186.644 2.673.067 709.655 11.569.367

TOTAL 47.610.081 23.306.233 6.890.567 77.806.881

Degrade Land assessment in 2001 and 2007
No Area Year Year
2001 2007
(mil ha) (mil ha)

1 Protection Forest 4 9.3

2 Conservation Forest 1.9 4.4
3 Production Forest 13.8 25.8
4 non-forest
non forest lands 15.1 26.8

T t l
Total 34 8
34.8 77 8
77.8
DEMAND ON FOREST LAND INCREASE
DEMAND ON FOREST LAND INCREASE
Indonesia Population

250,000,000

200,000,000
Number of
People
150,000,000

100,000,000

50,000,000

0
71 80 90 95 2000 2003 2008
Years

FOREST COVER

124000000

122000000

120000000
Area (ha)

118000000

116000000

114000000

112000000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year
 1.17 M ha/year

COVER
ATION C
VEGETA

05 Mh
0.5 ha/year
/

YEAR
THANK YOU
TERIMA KASIH
Xiè i
Xièxie