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Introduction (500)
diversity to the workplace. Multiple age groups with different backgrounds, different
qualities and practices are the main differences between these generations. It’s
understanding of these gaps only can strengthen the work relationships to get the
maximum efficiency out of these workforces. Leadership will be the key factor to make
can handle multi-generational work patterns, attitudes, and behaviors. The employer
1960, Generation Xers who are in between 1961 to 1980, Millennials in between 1980
to 1996 and generation Z who born after 1996. These age categories basically have
different behavioral patterns when they are executing workplace policies, practices,
and attitudes towards the work, which are mainly leading the gaps in between these
with their different skills but poor understanding of managing differences will lead to a
generations is the strength of the different characteristics. But to utilize and maximize
these strengths, better quality of leadership is very much important with a better
But most of the organizations are not getting the real benefit from these multi-
less attention to bridge the gap where necessary to maximize the benefits.
In this research paper basically focus to identify the theoretical concepts for these
management styles.
Study results are expecting to highlight the most preference leadership among multiple
generations which can effectively handle majority, facilitating the most comfortable
This review is basically a collection of scholarly articles writing relevant to the topic.
Mainly from theses and dissertations which are done by reputed universities in the
world by gathering data and extracting details form various valid sources. The
secondary sources through primary source will be another base, this research is
planning to pull firsthand information which is closest to the object of the study.
generations which are in identifiable age groups who have the same group of birth
years, matured in given time frames and experienced similar situations and
circumstances. Specific generation group have values, attitudes, and behaviors which
that the generated values are created by their family backgrounds, historically
Generational studies limit to time frames for easy reference but there is no absolute
In general, the current workforce is consisting of 4 age groups due to people who work
their 60’s and the young crowd who enters the industry in their early twenties.
1. Baby boomers
2. Generation X
3. Generation Y (Millennials)
4. Generation Z -
1.Baby boomers
Baby boomers are basically post-war babies who grew up with industry revolution
(Zemke, et al, 2000) So the boom birth period basically begins in 1946 and spreads
till 1964. They are the nation’s largest demographic group (Corbo, 1997)
These baby boomer value the self-absorption and individuality as they are united by
So, as the result of this experience they don’t focus on the materialistic needs and
rather have focused on the self-concept. These era people grew up having high
The Baby Boomers are self-centered generation and like to define themselves as their
own extravagance and not by sacrifices made by their parents (Okrent, 2000).
Some explanation about the spending pattern of these baby boomers is explained by
US trust that these baby boomers in the US worked hard to earn success in gaining
wealth so they spend their savings and earning conservatively and more conscious of
saving some earnings for the time of retirement and for the economic future of their
children.
In a sociological manner and according to the adoption of the technology point of view.
“Baby Boomers are not technologically savvy, or don’t like change”, says Sheldon
Baby boomers are much resistant to change means that they don’t like to do
something new because of the reason they don’t like to commence a mistake and look
According to Alverson (1999) as baby boomers are more focused toward the self-
concept. You will see the present situations in which Baby boomers are still working
in the work area and other life areas to meet their needs and to minimize the threat of
According to Stoneman (1998) that these baby boomers can change their work styles
but they will likely to be work as a workforce that shows the determination of baby
boomers.
2.Generation X:
These Generation X people grew up in the 70s and 80’s under the guard of the Baby
boomers for this reason they are also called the Baby Busters and this the fact about
this generation that they are the smallest in demographic settings (Filipczak, 1994).
This author also commented about the name of this generation called Generation X.
In this case, X is also the name of the group having no identity and that no one cares
about.
This generation people were born between 1961 and 1980 and more likely to grow up
in the era of energy crisis and post Watergate era (Zemke, Raines, and Filipczak,
1999).
These generation X people are also called 13th generation people and in accordance
with (Corby 1997) statement that these Generation x CORE groups were born in 1965
to 1975.
Characteristic of Generation X:
According to Broderick (1992), this generation X are more comfortable with Computer
This is even claimed that no other generation is more advanced in learning technology
then this 13th generation as this generation has grown along the media and IT
boys and microprocessors. The information and technologies always predict that how
According to Loysick (1997), this generation known as X generation like to spent their
lives at home as they were more used to of the computers, video games and other
early ages and many of these generation people have to grow early to support their
families. All these facts and situation helped them to become more self-absorbed.
The working style of this X generation varied from the Baby boomers as they like to
work in a flexible environment and don’t like close management. This x generation
was more convenient with the change as they largely changed their homes to cities.
The x generation works to live not live to work (Zemke, Raines, and Filipczak, 1999).
According to Filipczak (1994), that generation x entered in the labor market in the ’80s
and ’90s and they don’t take tension about the Job security and their job perception
were different from that of their parents. Generation X see every job as the stepping
stone for a better job and they always look for a better opportunity in the job market.
3.Generation Y (Millennials):
The millennials were born between 1982 and 1999 (Twenge, 2010). This generation
wants immediate feedback and largely characterized by cell phones and social
media networks.
Millennials are the last generation of the 20th century and are more characterized by
Characteristics of Generation Y:
This generation is more competent in technology than any other generation. They
with broad heart accepted the importance and benefits of technology and
Millennials are the children of the Baby boomers and it is expected that they have a
Millennials use the text messages to receive and send information to others but when
Millennials put great importance from the feedback of their supervisor and they feel
Millennial want to work with the creative people and more goal-oriented in nature.
Physical labor does not count as an important thing as they are more focused on
technology.
In the year 2025. This generation will be 75 percent of the workforce of an organization.
This is in the blood of millennials that these are more impatient as they are more
projects. These millennials don’t like hierarchical organizations and are more
convenient with the flat structure and want quick promotions (Murphy, 2007).
These people want some decision-making power and that kept them motivated.
According to Murphy (2014), the millennial struggle for more work-life balance and
questions and have their own set of older terminologies that can cause
misunderstanding.
4.Generation Z:
generation was born in the 1990s and was raised in the 2000s this era is characterized
by the technology like web, smartphones, internet, free WIFI and other digital media
Characteristics of Generation Z
This generation is the most diverse and sophisticated in term of technology. This
communication also. Social networking is a vital part of their lives. We can say that
entrepreneur and less motivated by the materialistic realities (Den Schawabei, 2014).
This generation is more aware and concerned about the environmental issue like a
irrespective of the young age and they are more technology savvy as they care of the
generation.
The preferences for the workplace and working condition are different for different
get good independence to prove themselves and want to get immediate recognition
and as this generation is so tech savvy so doesn’t like to put their gadget at home
The Z generation wants the workplace they can easily adjust it. They favor and value
certainty in the workplace and more inconvenient in complex planning (Knoll, 2014).
The Z generation wants a leader full of honesty and integrity. As the generation Z is
more environmentally savvy, so they would like to work for the organization that is
more concerned about corporate social responsibility and concern about climate
Conclusion:
The conclusion of the literature review includes detail of all the main body discussions.
The problem statement of this research is to find the most efficient generation of
people to lead an organization in the current scenario. So, according to the research
These baby boomers are more formal type in nature than any other generation now
most of the senior management of the companies are in hand of the people from this
baby boomer generation as these people are hardworking and want to get themselves
in the workforce and they have experience and see the different eras and different
situations so they are more likely to be the people for management of an organization.
The baby boomers are defined as confidence and self-reliance. The baby boomer likes
the hierarchical structure and bureaucratic type of management as these people are
the founder of these systems so they rely on these systems. This generation is known
as competitive and challengers but some time they find it difficult to manage with the
diversity. This Baby boomer generation of people likes to work in a team to get
objective. The strong ethics of work and face to face interactions are known as the
hallmarks of success for the people of this era. According to research most of the
focuses of the baby boomers are on the quality time with the money but the millennials
When it comes to generation X, as according to research they are the smallest part in
reliance, informality and the last one is pragmatism. One of the very best things of this
generation is that when they are on the work they are highly adaptable, creative,
So, these can be another suggestion for the best people who can lead the
organization.
Some finding of the behavior of generation Y can direct us that up to what extent the
people from this generation are more efficient and competent to manage an
organization. Millennials are happier about the promotion and they easily can willing
to pay extra hours with quality work when they know that they can get promotion of it.
The recent researches have found that this y generation loves to keep informal
dressing as they are mode adopted and like work-related technology. The Y
generation is featured with the preference of the face to face feedback and also like to
seek recognition to benefit their career. Millennials want to have a sense of community.
These people like to work with mates who are of their types. They like more flexibility
in the work schedules. They watch and like a job as step stones so the switching
behaviors largely prevail in them and in addition they also like to be asked for the
the dependence on their supervisor and they would rather like to search online and
Now here comes the last generation, the decision reading the efficiency of this
generation also mentioned in different researches and the capability to lead decision
literature review of this generation Z also tells us that people of this generation like to
achieve success in the professional career in a short time and more surprisingly want
without efforts. This is very difficult for the representative of generation Z to wait for
the long-lasting career in their profession in small steps take too long.
The job searching characteristics of the generation Z people caries from other ones.
They do not like to search job only in their area but also want to get a job around the
world. This can be a threat for the older generation people the experimentation nature
of generation Z. As this era people, don’t care about work stability and they look for an
escape from the daily routines and have the capability to change the settings related
to work. Generation Z are the most educated generation ever. The young people of
this era, like the self-employment as the best option because they see it as more
age people is much less described and explained generation among all the
generations. As this generation is newly entering the field as an internship or new jobs
or is still studying.
As the conclusion of all the generations characteristics are given in the literature
So, the research questions are related to the best fit between the type of or nature of
see that which type of the people having different type of characteristics according to
their generations are more suitable to lead different types of the organizations means
the different nature that includes the bureaucratic, autocratic and knowledge-based
References
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