How Does The Montreal protocol effect climate change?

Climate Change according to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate

Change (UNFCCC) Refers to a change in climate patterns attributed by human
activities which alters the composition of the global atmosphere in addition to the natural
climate over periods of time

Climate Change is one of the major issues affecting today’s environment.What are
some example of climate change?It can be attributed to the depletion of the ozone
layer, causing significant increase in global temperature resulting to drastic changes
such as melting of polar ice caps and extreme weather conditions or patterns.
The UNFCCC is an international Framework commissioned under the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP) in 1992 during the Rio Earth Summit.

In an attempt to solve this environmental crisis, The United nations had called for a
second treaty after the failure of the Kyoto protocol. The Montreal Protocol signed by
179 countries during 14-16th of september 1987 in the Canadian city of Montreal. The
protocols main aim was for countries to Phase out the use of ChloroFluoroCarbons
(CFCs). CFC’s are types of gasses used commonly produced by Cooling equipment like
fridges and air conditioners. These gases play a huge role in the depletion of our
Ozone. According to various articles, the treaty has proven to be a success; countries
who initially pledged to reduce 5% of their carbon emission have reduced up to 20%,
which tells us that word leaders are actually taking action to help restore the ozone layer
and battle climate change.

Last year the treaty celebrated 30 years since its founding in 1987 and according to an
article from National geographic that has inputs from agencies like the UN,UNEP,
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado and the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to name a few. The article talks about how the
the ozone was expected to completely be depleted by the year 2050 but now thanks to
the treaty the Ozone is expected to recover by that year. It is also mentioned that
without the treaty there would have been a great hike in the amount of skin cancer and
cataract cases reported due to the extensive heat from the Ultra Violet rays of the sun
“thanks to the Protocol... 45 million cataracts in the United States, U.S. EPA.”

As of last year the treaty still has some unfinished business as Lesser Economically
developed Countries (LDCS) have still not completely phased out ODS such as R-22,
hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) found in many refrigerators and air conditioners. The
phasing out of ODS’s can be expensive thus LDCs will need funding support from the
Multilateral fund. It has been said that approximately 20 % of the funding is given by the
U.S and that the fund need to be replenished for the next 2 years and according to
 How Does The Montreal protocol effect climate change?

David Doniger, Director, Climate and Clean Air Program at the Natural Resources
Defense Council, “the Trump Administration has been completely silent on this so far”

In conclusion The Montreal Protocol helps reduces the effect of climate change as it is
aimed at getting countries to reduce their Greenhouse Gas emissions which is one of
the main causes of climate change and aims at reducing the negative impact of Human
Activity on to the atmosphere.

United Nations. (1992). UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE

CHANGE[Press release]. Retrieved September 6, 2018, from
https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf

THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER. (n.d.).
Retrieved September 6, 2018, from http://ozone.unep.org/en/treaties-and-decisions/montreal-
protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer

What is UNFCCC? (n.d.). Retrieved September 6, 2018, from

https://climatetalks.emorydomains.org/what-is-unfccc/

T. (n.d.). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Retrieved

September 6, 2018, from https://www.iucn.org/theme/global-policy/our-work/united-nations-
framework-convention-climate-change-unfccc