For Better Tomorrow

Sudatel GUL Strategy

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Agenda
Introduction

Technical Background

Recommended GUL Strategy

GUL Strategy Audit

GUL Features

Implementation Time Plan

Conclusion

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 Introduction

• This presentation aims to show the recommended GUL Strategy for Sudatel Network.

• Where, we have introduced a technical background & GUL Criteria for Sudatel.

• Below are the main points that will be discussed:

• Technical Background.
• Recommended GUL Strategy.
• GUL Strategy Audit.
• GUL Features.
• Implementation Time Plan.
• Conclusion.

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Agenda
Introduction

Technical Background

Recommended GUL Strategy

GUL Strategy Audit

GUL Features

Implementation Time Plan

Conclusion

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Typical Network Evolution Trend (1)
Network Architecture:

MSC
MSC GMSC
GMSC
Server
server Server
server UMTS

BTS BSC
PSTN
UE ISDN
GSM BSS MGW MGW L TE L TE

IMS
NodeB RNC UMTS
HSS AS
UE CSCF
UTRAN SGSN GSM
GGSN

eNodeB

UE MME Internet
PGW
E-UTRAN Intranet
SGW
EPC

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Typical Network Evolution Trend (2)

2600MHz LTE

2100MHz UMTS

1800MHz LTE 1800MHz GL Refarming

GSM

UMTS 900MHz GU Refarming

900MHz GSM

800MHz LTE

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GUL Network Strategy Summary
Traffic stays in high Rat first
LTE
Priority 1
Strategy Summary：
Multi mode UE stays in high priority first,
service is initiated in high priority. Priority 2 UMTS
In order to provide continuous service,
handover based on coverage and
service between RATs is configured. Priority 3 GSM

Idle mode strategy CS service strategy PS service strategy

UE stays in high priority Rat
first, and can reselect to low
priority Rat based on
coverage.
When CS service is coming, the
UE who stays in LTE can active
CS Fallback to UMTS/GSM, and
HO based on coverage from
UMTS to GSM is configured.
PS service stays in high priority
first, and can handover to low
priority based on coverage. The
strategy from UMTS to LTE is
redirection based on service.

LTE LTE LTE

Priority 1 Priority 1 Priority 1
Redirection
based on
Service
Priority 2 UMTS Priority 2 UMTS Priority 2 UMTS
HO/Reselection based
HO based on coverage on Coverage/Service
Priority 3 Priority 3 Priority 3
GSM GSM GSM
Reselection based on priority CS Fallback

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Multi-RAT and Multiband Mobility Strategy
Load balancing solution
Balance network load and improve
inter-RAT capacity.
 Solution to heavy GSM network load
 Solution to heavy UMTS network load
 Solution to heavy LTE network load
continuity
Service
Service continuity solution
Seamless inter-RAT migration of CS+PS
services
 Solution to insufficient LTE coverage
 Solution to insufficient UMTS coverage
 Solution to insufficient GSM coverage
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Service steering solution
Allocate services to a proper network mode and
frequency band according to network
characteristics and service requirements,
improving user experience and network capacity.
 GU service steering solution
Load balancing  LTE-to-UMTS/GSM CSFB solution
 UMTS intra-RAT service steering solution
steering
Service
Mobility
Strategy
Idle state camping Idle state camping solution
Terminal optimum camping & RAT/
Inter-band seamless reselection
 Inter-RAT camping solution
 Intra-RAT camping solution
Page 8
Idle State Camping
Idle state camping
Priority 1
L2600 L2600
Priority 1
L1800 L1800 Priority 2

U2100 U2100 U2100

Priority 2

U900
U900

Priority 3 G900/1800 G900/1800

Coverage-based cell reselection RAT priority

RAT priority-based cell reselection Frequency priority

 The following cell reselection strategy is recommended for multimode terminals in idle state on the LTE network:
The terminal preferentially camps on the LTE network. If no LTE coverage is available or the signal quality on the LTE network is
poor, the terminal camps on the UMTS network. If no UMTS coverage is available or the UMTS network coverage is insufficient,
the terminal camps on the GSM network.
 The following cell reselection strategy is recommended for GU dual-mode terminals in idle state:
The terminal preferentially camps on the UMTS network. If no UMTS coverage is available or the signal quality on the UMTS
network is poor, the terminal camps on the GSM network.
 Single-mode terminals camp on networks that the terminals support.

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Service Continuity
Service Continuity LTE Hotspot/Capacity

L2600 L2600

L1800 L1800

LTE Coverage

L800 L800 L800

U2100 U2100 U2100

UMTS Coverage
U900 U900

G900/1800 G900/1800

Coverage-based inter-frequency Coverage-based inter-RAT handovers

handover (PS services) (CS/PS services)
Coverage-based inter-frequency Coverage-based inter-RAT handovers
handovers for CS/PS services (PS services)

Coverage-based inter-frequency or inter-RAT handover or redirection is recommended. This enables a terminal to be handed over to an inter-
frequency or inter-RAT cell, ensuring service continuity.
• Insufficient LTE coverage
Sequence: Cell with insufficient LTE coverage  Inter-frequency target LTE cell  Target UMTS cell  Target GSM cell
• Insufficient UMTS coverage
UMTS cell with insufficient coverage  Inter-frequency target UMTS cell Inter-frequency target GSM cell
If the cell with insufficient coverage is a UMTS900 cell with continuous coverage, GSM cells are recommended for a handover or reselection.
• Insufficient GSM coverage
GSM cell with insufficient coverage  Inter-frequency target GSM cell

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Load Balancing
Load Balancing
L2600 L2600

L1800 L1800
L1800

L800 L800 L800

U2100 U2100 U2100

U900 U900 U900

G900/1800 G900/1800 G900/1800 Cell with heavy load

• GSM cell with heavy load

Access state: An MS directly reselects to another cell.
Connected state: An MS performs a load-based handover to a neighboring GSM cell.
• UMTS cell with heavy load
Access state: A UE redirects to a neighboring UMTS cell. If no neighboring cell meets requirements, the UE redirects to a GSM cell.
Connected state: Inter-frequency load-based handovers, code tree readjustment of common channels, and BE service rate decrease can
be performed on downlink services. Inter-frequency load-based handovers and BE service rate decrease can be performed on uplink
services. If the UMTS cell is still congested, the UE can hand over to a GSM cell.
• LTE cell with heavy load
A UE preferentially performs a load-based intra-RAT handover so that it can be handed over to an inter-frequency neighboring cell with the
same coverage or with a large overlap area. If the LTE serving cell load is still heavy, inter-RAT MLB needs to be performed so that the
terminal can be handed over or redirected to an inter-RAT neighboring cell with the same coverage or with large-scale overlap area.

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Traffic Steering

• Traffic steering between GSM and UMTS networks

In this scheme, CS services are preferentially carried on the GSM network, whereas PS services are preferentially carried on the UMTS network.
Access phase:
UEs processing CS services are redirected to GSM cells, and UEs processing PS services remain in UMTS cells.
After service setup:
UEs processing CS services are handed over to GSM cells as much as possible, and UEs processing PS services remain in UMTS cells if possible.

• CSFB from the LTE network to the UMTS or GSM network

CS service processing
It is recommended that the CS service initiated on the LTE network be forced to fall back to the UMTS network by using CSFB. If there is GSM coverage but no UMTS
coverage, the CS service falls back to the GSM network by using CSFB.
• If traffic steering is used on the UMTS network, it is recommended that the CS service be forced to fall back to a UMTS cell using an R99 carrier.
• If traffic steering is not used on the UMTS network, it is recommended that the CS service be forced to fall back to a UMTS cell using a carrier with contiguous
coverage.
CS+PS composite service processing
• For CS+PS composite services between GSM and LTE networks, the CS service is forced to fall back to the GSM network using the CSFB and the PS service is
suspended because inter-RAT DTM is not supported.
• CS+PS composite services between UMTS and LTE networks can simultaneously fall back to the UMTS network using the handover- or redirection-based CSFB.
• If a UE processing CS services on the LTE network has fallen back to the UMTS network, the UE can return to the LTE network using fast return.

• Traffic steering within the UMTS network

Currently, traffic steering is mainly implemented between UMTS 2100 MHz carriers. This scheme categorizes carriers into R99 and HSPA carriers based on their
service capabilities. In most cases, the carrier with continuous coverage is configured as the R99 carrier, and other carriers are configured as HSPA carriers.
CS services are handed over to or remain in cells using the R99 carrier, and PS services are handed over to or remain in cells using HSPA carriers

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Agenda
Introduction

Technical Background

Recommended GUL Strategy

GUL Strategy Audit

GUL Features

Implementation Time Plan

Conclusion

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 Recommended GUL Strategy – Idle Mode (1)
Scenario:
• UE stays in high priority RAT first, and can reselect to low priority RAT based on coverage.

High

High L1800 L1800 L1800 Priority1

Priority Frequency
Priority1
L850 L850 Priority2 7 Reserved

6 L1800

5 L850
Priority2 F1 / F2 U2100 U2100
4 Reserved

3 U2100-F1/F2

2 Reserved
G900/1800 G900/1800
Priority3 1 G900/G1800

Mode priority Frequency priority

Cell reselection based on Priority
Cell reselection based on Coverage
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Recommended GUL Strategy – Idle Mode (2)
RSRP < -70 dBm = -64*2 + 29*2
&
RSRQ < -13 dB = -18 + 5

Needed Current
Parameter Name
Value Value
QRxLevMin -64 -64
SIntraSearch 29 29
Inter
Intra QQualMin -18 -18
No Search Frequency SIntraSearchQ 5 5
Frequency
Cell Access & Inter-RAT SNonIntraSearch 9 7 & 24
Search SNonIntraSearchQ 4 4
Search

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 Recommended GUL Strategy – Idle Mode (3)

Threshold for measurement：-64*2 + 9*2 = -110（start to measure while LTE < -110dBm） Now -114
Threshold for reselection：-64*2 + 7*2 = -114（Trigger reselection: LTE< - 114dbm） Now -114
Needed Current UMTS>(-58*2+1+6*2)=-115+12=-103dBm, L2U reselection will be triggered.  Now -107
Parameter Name
Value Value GSM>(-115+7*2)=-115+14=-101dBm, L2G reselection will be triggered.  Now -71
Eqrxlevmin -64 -64
ThdToHigh 10 0
Needed Current
when signal level of LTE cell >-64*2+10*2=-108dbm, U2L reselection will be triggered.  Now -128 Parameter Name
Value Value
QRxLevMin -64 -64
SNonIntraSearch 9 7 & 24
ThrshServLow 7 7 & 24
LTE QRxLevMin -58 -58
ThreshXLow 6 4
QRxLevMin 0 6
ThreshXlow 7 16
UMTS

Parameter Name
Needed Current GSM
Value Value
EUTRANQRXLEVMIN 6 6
THREUTRANHIGH 10 10

when signal level of LTE cell > (-140+(6*2) +10*2=-108dbm, G2L reselection will be triggered.  Now -108

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Recommended GUL Strategy – CSFB Strategy (1)
Scenario:
• When CS service is coming, the UE who stays in LTE can active CS Fallback to UMTS/GSM, and Fast Return from UMTS/GSM
to LTE is Configured.

L850 L850

L1800 L1800 L1800

L2G CSFB (Blind)

L2U CSFB (Measured)
F1 / F2 U2100 U2100
U2L Fast Return (Blind)
G2L Fast Return (Measured)

G900/1800 G900/1800

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 Recommended GUL Strategy – CSFB Strategy (2)
Parameter Value Parameter Value
FastReturnToLTESwitch:HOT_RETUR_UMTS_TO_LTE_FASN_SWITCH 1 HoModeSwitch:BlindHoSwitch 0 – Now 1
FastReturnToLTESwitch:PERFENH_PS_FAST_RETURN_LTE_SWITCH 1 CsfbHoPolicyCfg REDIRECTION-1&CCO_HO-0&PS_HO-0
SPTRAPIDSEL SUPPORT HoAlgoSwitch:UtranCsfbSwitch 1
FASTRETURNMEASSPT ON CsfbHoUtranB1ThdRscp -103dBm – Now -106
EUTRANFREQCNUM 1 CsfbHoUtranTimeToTrig 40ms
FDDFASTRETURNRSRPTH 32 (-108dbm) – Now 28 (-112) HoAlgoSwitch=UtranCsfbSteeringSwitch 1 – Now 0
DecodeCSFBInd ON FreqLayerSwtich=UtranFreqLayerMeasSwitch 1 – Now 0
CsfbProtectionTimer 4
BlindHoPriority 0 – Now Non Zero
U2L Blind Fast Return
LTE L2U Measured PS Redirection CSFB

Note: Depending on L2U Neighbors

UMTS

G2l Measurement Fast Return L2G Blind PS Redirection CSFB

GSM
Parameter Value
HoModeSwitch:BlindHoSwitch 0 – Now 1
CsfbHoPolicyCfg REDIRECTION-1&CCO_HO-0&PS_HO-0
HoAlgoSwitch:GeranCsfbSwitch 1
SUPPORTCSFB SUPPORT
GeranCsfbSteeringSwitch 1 – Now 0
BlindHoPriority Non Zero

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Recommended GUL Strategy – Connected Mode (1)
Scenario:
• PS service stays in high priority first, and can handover/redirect to low priority based on coverage.
• The strategy from UMTS to LTE is redirection based on service and HO based on coverage from UMTS to GSM is configured.

L850 L850

L1800 L1800 L1800

Cell reselection in PTM

F1 / F2 U2100 U2100 U2G HO based on Coverage
L2GU PS Redirection based on Coverage
U2L PS Redirection based on Service
LTE Inter Frequency HO
G900/1800 G900/1800

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Recommended GUL Strategy – Connected Mode (2)
Parameter Name Value
RSRP
InterRatHoA1A2TrigQuan RSRP
InterRatHoEventType EventB1
Stop Inter-RAT measurement - event A1
-111 INTERRATHOA1THDRSRP -111dBm
INTERRATHOA2THDRSRP -115dBm
BlindHoA1A2ThdRsrp -121dBm
Start Inter-RAT measurement - event A2
-115 InterRATHoUtranB1MeasQuan
INTERRATHOUTRANB1THDRSCP
RSCP
-103dBm
InterRatHoGeranB1Thd -100dBm
RSCP 3G RxLEV 2G
Report B2 Event
If A2 & B1 are Achieved
Report B1 Report B1
-103 -100

Blind Redirection
-121

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Agenda
Introduction

Technical Background

Recommended GUL Strategy

GUL Strategy Audit

GUL Features

Implementation Time Plan

Conclusion

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GUL Strategy Audit
The Attached Sheet Contains:
• All recommended Parameters for our Strategy.
• Parameters’ Inconsistency with our Strategy.

Parameters'
Priority-based Reselection Inconsistency Coverage-based L2U PS Redirection

Blind-Redirection-based CSFB LTE-to-GSM PS

Measurement Redirection CSFB Interoperability U2G reselection

Strategy
U2L Fastreturn G2U reselection(IDLE & PS)

G2L Fastreturn G2U Fast Return

Service-based U2L PS Redirection U2G CS PS handover

Note: Sheet is working through Hyperlinks

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GUL Strategy Audit – Inquiries (1)
Customer Inquiries:
• If SIM Card is GU Only:
• G2U Reselection:
• R7 or Earlier  Will use Normal G2U Reselection Parameters.

• Later  Will Follow normal Priority Procedure “Low to High”.

• U2G Reselection  will Follow Normal U2G Reselection Parameters.

• If UE don’t Support Priority:
• This is 3GPP, if UE don’t support, it should be abnormal UE & Can’t know it's behavior.
• Recommended L2GU CSFB Strategy:
• L2U  Measured & L2G  Blind after Certain Timer if L2U Fails as a Protection Mechanism.
• If L2GU  Blind, Will always fallback to UMTS Priority based.
• If L2GU  Measured, Can’t measure GU at same time.
• Blind or Measured L2U CSFB:
• Introducing Measured L2U CSFB will Result in 600ms extra delay but with better accuracy than Blind CSFB.
• Recommended U2L PS Redirection Strategy:
• Based on Service not coverage as we need to push the User to LTE even in Less Acceptable Coverage Cases.

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GUL Strategy Audit – Inquiries (2)
Customer Inquiries:
• Blind or Measured U2L PS Redirection:
• U2L Redirection Based on Service should be Measured, in order to improve the U2L redirection success rate.
• Periodic or Event measurement:
• 3G Parameter “InterRatReportMode” defines the Inter-RAT Measurement Reporting Mode for Coverage U2L.
• 3G Event 3C Triggers the Inter-RAT Event for Service U2L.
• Ability to make U2L PS Redirection Faster:
• Service Based U2L PS Redirection is already a feature to make the redirection faster.
• Service & Coverage Based U2L PS Redirection:
• Coverage: Event 2D  Compressed Mode  Event 3A.
• Service: Trigger Source  Compressed Mode  Event 3C.
• G2L PS Reselection Parameters:
• Same as G2L Priority Based G2L Idle Reselection Parameters.

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GUL Strategy Audit – Action Points
Summary:
1. Parameters’ Inconsistency on low number of Cells:
• Implementation Only.
2. Measurement G2L Fast Return:
• Trial on 1 GL Site.

• Test Scenario is difficult but can be on Border GL with no UMTS Coverage..

• No Specified Counters.

3. L2G Idle Reselection Thresholds:

• Trial on 1 GL Site.

• Test Scenario is difficult but can be on Border GL with no UMTS Coverage..

4. L2G CSFB Delay.

• As per GTAC that Case was already discussed &analyzed before.

• Only Trial can be done on “IMMASSCBB to be Yes, Currently NO(397),YES(79).

5. U2L PS Redirection Time.

• Initially as per GTAC, Parameter Settings are Correct.

• Will do our best to investigate more as much as possible along with some trials.

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1. Parameters’ Inconsistency

• Attached the full details for inconsistency per Parameter & Missing Neighbors:

• Below table is showing a summary of agreed inconsistency to be corrected:

Parameter ID Number of Inconsistency

SUPPORTCSFB 1
UTRANPRI 1
LTECELLRESELEN 272
SI2QUATEROPTFORLTESW 1
CELL2GBA1OPTSW 88
CELL2GBA2OPTSW 231
InterRATHoUtranB1MeasQuan 3
INTERRATHOA1THDRSRP 9
INTERRATHOA2THDRSRP 9
SNonIntraSearch 9
ThrshServLow 9
FastReturnToLTESwitch:HO_UMTS_TO_LTE_FAST_RETURN_SWITCH 6
FastReturnToLTESwitch:PERFENH_PS_FAST_RETURN_LTE_SWITCH 6
SibCfgBitMap:SIB19 6
Qrxlevmin 30

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2. Measurement G2L Fast Return
• Below Switch was opened on Site “6023” & DT was done:

Parameter ID Parameter Name MML Recommended Value

FASTRETURNMEASSPT Support Measurement-based Fast LTE Reselect GCELLPRIEUTRANSYS ON

• Below is my feedback after log file analysis with GTAC:

o It’s normal because the UE doesn’t support EUTRAN Measurement.
o So, UE will not Report EUTRAN Neighboring Cells in MRs.
o Resulting that G2L Fast Return will not be effective.

• Also, would like to highlight the below points:

o If UE doesn’t support LTE measurement & Blind Fast Return is disabled, there will be no effective G2L Fast Return.
o In that Case, UE will fast return to 3G or go in Idle Mode.
o GTAC Confirmed that Very few Kind of UEs support the LTE Measurement on 2G like Huawei D2.

• Conclusion:
o As there are no many Commercial UEs Support LTE Measurement on 2G, So it is Recommended to activate the G2L
Blind Fast Return as per Current Network Settings.

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3. L2G Idle Reselection

• Below Changes need to be implemented & Perform DT:

Parameter Name MML Needed Value Current Value Comment
QRxLevMin 0 6 Trial
ThreshXlow 7 16 Trial
GERANNFREQGROUP
CellReselPriority 6 1
pmaxgerancfgind NOT_CFG CFG For DT Purpose Only & Rollback
CellReselPriority CELLRESEL 5 7
ADD CELLRESELGERAN:LOCALCELLID=0,SPEEDSTATESFCFGIND=NOT_CFG;

• Knowing that MO “CELLRESELGERAN” must be configured so that L2G Reselection Information would be
sent by eNB through SIB7.
• All Parameters were implemented, Trial was Successful & Inconsistencies were cleared.

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5. U2L PS Redirection Time
• As mentioned that “U2LServTrigSource” is the Triggering for U2L Service PS Redirection:
• Trigger Source  Compressed Mode  Event 3C.
• Currently Settings for this parameter are:
 U2L_SERV_PERIOD_TRIGGER-1.
 U2L_SERV_LOWACTIVE_TRIGGER-1.
• There are 2 ways to optimize this triggering source so as to speed up the Redirection:
i. First Way:  Recommended
 U2LServPrdTrigTimerLen (Timer for Periodic Service-based U2L)  10Sec. “Currently 60 Sec.”  RNC Parameter.
 U2LPunishTimer (U2L Penalty Timer)  30Sec. “Currently 60 Sec.”  RNC Parameter.
ii. Second Way:
 U2LServTrigSource  U2L_SERV_RAB_SETUP_TRIGGER-1. “Currently = 0.”  RNC/Cell Parameter.
 U2LPunishTimer (U2L Penalty Timer)  30Sec. “Currently 60 Sec.”  RNC Parameter.
• Disadvantages:
• The number of UMTS to LTE redirections increases.
• If the LTE coverage is poor, the duration for which UEs stay in compressed mode increases and user experience in
throughput deteriorates, call drop rate increase.

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5. U2L PS Redirection Time – DT Results
• First Trial was implemented Successfully on the 25th of April at 5PM.

• Below Changes were implemented on “KHS_RNC”:

• U2LServPrdTrigTimerLen (Timer for Periodic Service-based U2L)  10Sec.
• U2LPunishTimer (U2L Penalty Timer)  30Sec.

• From DT Results, It is very Clear that U2L PS Redirection time was hugely enhanced as per below:

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5. U2L PS Redirection Time – LTE Traffic
• LTE Traffic increased after Optimization Action as per below:

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5. U2L PS Redirection Time – UL Interoperation
• Below Snapshots are showing that Users are redirected more from UMTS to LTE with out redirected back so
there is no Ping pong between the 2 layers:

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5. U2L PS Redirection Time – 3G Main PS KPIs
• Below Snapshots are showing good enhancement in terms of 3G Accessibility & Retain ability:

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Agenda
Introduction

Technical Background

Recommended GUL Strategy

GUL Strategy Audit

GUL Features

Implementation Time Plan

Conclusion

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U2L Fast Return

reduced delay improving the

PS Service users experience
LTE
LTE
CSFB “Fast Return”
Without Camping
RRC Connection fast return
U->L cell
Release with redirect CSFB reselection

LTE Camping
With fast
return U->L Redirected
UMTS
CSFB

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Fast LTE Reselection at 2G CS Call Release
Description:
When an MS terminates a call on a GSM
network, the MS generally camps on the
LTE cell in which the call is released and then
starts neighboring cell measurement.
CS Call Release
When a neighboring LTE cell meets the
requirements for cell reselection, the MS
reselects to the LTE cell. Before initiating
the cell reselection to the LTE cell, the MS
must receive system information (SI) and
GSM calculate cell reselection parameters. This
procedure takes a long time.
When Fast LTE Reselection at GSM CS Call
Release is enabled, the BSC sends the
Benefits: Channel Release message after an MS
terminates a call in a GSM cell. The
• Improves user experience. message carries the "cell selection
• It decreases the GSM-to-LTE cell reselection duration to 1–2s. indicator after release" information
• Increases the revenues of operators. element (IE), which contains the frequency
information about neighboring LTE cells.
• It increases the duration in which an MS camps on a LTE cell. Based on the frequency information, the
MS reselects the specified LTE cell. This
accelerates cell reselection

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Service Based U2L PS Handover

LTE Description:
• PS handover to LTE is performed in the
following two scenarios.
• Scenarios1: CS voice call hand up in
UMTS
• CSFB to UMTS is performed when
UMST&LTE dual-mode UE trigger a CS
voice call in LTE.
UMTS • Ongoing PS connection will handover to
UMTS along with CSFB.
• After voice call terminated, the ongoing PS
service will be handover back to LTE.
• Scenario2: PS call initiated in UMTS
Benefits: • If UE initiating PS call in UMTS, and the PS
• Improve data traffic experience with LTE capability call can be handover to LTE as indicated by
(higher peak rate). CN, then UMTS network will trigger the PS
call handover to LTE.
• Better experience than cell reselection and re-direction
for PS service

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Service Based U2L PS Redirection

Description:
LTE
• RNC redirects UE to reselect LTE layer through RRC
signaling Connection Release.
• The frequency information of LTE is included in the RRC
RELEASE message

LTE UE
3G
UMTS
Benefits:
• Data traffic management between LTE and UMTS without
Scenarios:
handover process
• If user or network don’t support handover
• Reduce PS load on UMTS network by redirecting
• If LTE user is camping on UMTS cell and
UMTS/LTE dual mode UE to LTE cell
wants to establish a data service
• Implements the re-camping of LTE users on LTE cells
after finishing voice fall back process
• Improved user experience, lower cell load impact

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PS Handover VS Redirection

PS Handover Redirection

No need UMTS/GSM support and upgrade, but

Need all equipment software support PS
after redirection to GU, Core network should
RAN handover (LTE eRAN , UMTS/GSM RAN, Core
support IP context transfer , RAU procedure, and
Network) ,usually need software upgrade
Authentication

Most of UE cannot support GUL PS handover,

UE some UE support L->U PS handover. Currently Most of UE support GUL redirection
no commercial UE support GUL PS handover.

User- plane latency worse, but acceptable for PS

User User- plane latency less than Redirection and
service on user experience , and optimized in R9
Experience Cell Change Order, especially for voice service
with RIM.

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Voice Solution Overview (1)
Circuit Switched Fall-Back(CSFB) VoIP over IMS
IMS
Internet MGF
VCC AS

3G CS core SGs Internet

SAE SAE
Voice call setup Voice
Voice Data
Data
3G coverage
LTE coverage 3G coverage
LTE coverage

SR-VCC

Pro:
 3GPP standardized interim solution
 Full reuse of legacy network (radio & CS core)
 Only small impact on 3G core (to support SGs
interface)
Con:
 Extra call setup delay
 PS sessions over LTE-SAE may get disrupted
Pro:
 Long term standard solution foreseen by 3GPP
 Voice & data convergence over same control
platform
Con:
 Investment on IMS mandatory
 IMS is still in the early stage of its lifecycle (service
migration at risk)
 Impact on 3G core by SR-VCC

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Voice Solution Overview (2)

VoLTE Overview
UTRAN Description
SGSN
VoLTE is voice sessions set up over IP networks between the UE and the IMS. That is, the
HSS
GERAN calling and the called parties can use voice services within an LTE network.
S3
S1-MME S6a
MME
PCRF

LTE-Uu S10
S11
S4
S12
Gx Rx
Benefits
Serving S5 PDN SGi VoLTE provides UEs in the E-UTRAN with voice services, without the need
UE E-UTRAN IMS
Gateway Gateway of falling back to GERAN or UTRAN. VoLTE features the following
S1-U
characteristics: Higher spectral efficiency, Better user experience, such as
lower access delay and better voice quality

EUTRAN: Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network GERAN: GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network
MME: Mobility Management Entity HSS：Home Subscriber Server
SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node UE: User Equipment
UTRAN: Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network PCRF：Policy and Charging Rule Function
• VoLTE=Voice over LTE, based on IMS，is one of the VOIP technology
• IMS is not a single element but comprises all CN elements for provision of IP multimedia services ,such as VoIP over the PS
domain.
• E-UTRAN is composed of eNodeBs, whose functions for radio resource management can guarantee the QoS requirement of
VoIP User.

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Voice Solution Overview (3)
Scenario:
CS Fallback (CSFB) • LTE initial phase for data services, IMS is not deployed
CSFB Principles:
• Handover to G/U voice service in the overlay coverage area
Internet
between LTE and G/U
PS data • If CSFB voice service is triggered, there are 2 options for the pre-
PS data
existing LTE data services:
LTE Core GSM/UMTS GSM/UMTS
PS Core CS Core • Data services are hand-over to GSM/UMTS networks (DTM
supported by G/U network)
• Data services are suspended in LTE until voice call is released (e.g.
DTM not supported)
LTE Access 2G/3G Access
• SMS services do not need to fall back GSM/UMTS
Voice fall back to GU
Dependency:
• No addition Core equipment, Reuse traditional GU Core network
PS data Voice • Multimode G/U/L Terminals to support CSFB

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 SRVCC

• SRVCC (Single Radio Voice Call Continuity) is a solution to provide continuous voice services on LTE networks.

• SRVCC is a means of inter-RAT handover (RAT stands for radio access technology). It enables a smooth
session transfer from VoIP over IMS on the LTE network to CS services in the UTRAN or GERAN.

VoLTE Capable UE
SRVCC Capable UE

LTE Layer SRVCC to UMTS

CSFB to UMTS
CSFB Capable UE

UMTS Layer

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CSFB Mechanisms
R8 PS Handover: base on the
inter-RAT PS handover procedures
R8 PS redirection: RRC release with
“redirectedCarrierInfo”IE to UE
R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a
carrier frequency and UTRAN cell’s SIBs
acquired by RIM procedures before CSFB
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R8 PS Handover: base on the
inter-RAT PS handover procedures
R8 PS redirection: RRC release with
“redirectedCarrierInfo”IE to UE
L2U L2G
R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a
carrier frequency list and cell’s SIBs
acquired by RIM procedures before CSFB
R8 CCO with NACC: Handover Command
With target cell and SI
Page 44
Page 44
R8 CSFB
 Blind Scenario：
 A list of candidate cells is generated on the basis of the blind handover priorities, which are determined by both the RAT-specific priorities and the
cell-specific priorities.
 The RAT-specific priorities used in blind handovers for CSFB are defined through the InterRatHighestPri, InterRatSecondPri, and InterRatLowestPri
parameters.

 Measure Scenario：
 eNB sends the UE the measurement configuration, according to which the UE performs measurements on the specified system. The measurement
configuration sent to the UE contains the configuration information for only the RATs and frequencies that are supported by the UE.
 eNB selects the best cell from UE’s measurement report.

B1 entering condition: Mn  Ofn  Hys  Thresh

 Mn is the measurement result of the neighboring cell.
 Ofn is the frequency-specific offset for the frequency of the neighboring cell.
 Hys is the hysteresis for event B1.
 Thresh is the threshold for event B1. The values of Thresh are set on the basis of the measurement quantities of each RAT.
 The Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) threshold for CSFB to UTRAN, Ec/No threshold for CSFB to UTRAN, threshold for CSFB to GERAN, and
threshold for CSFB to CDMA2000 1xRTT are specified through the CsfbHoUtranB1ThdRSCP, CsfbHoUtranB1ThdECN0, CsfbHoGeranB1Thd, and
CsfbHoCDMAB1ThdPS parameters respectively.

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Flash CSFB ( R9 redirection with SIBs）
GSM/UMTS Core RIM : LTE Core
RAN Information Exchanging
Core Network Support
CSFB to G/U • Both GSM/UMTS and
SGSN MME LTE core network support
SGSN MME R9 RIM procedure
RAN information
RAN information request

BSC/RNC
RRCConnectionRele
eNodeB
ase(Frequency and
Terminal Support
target cell system • Terminal support R9 redirection with
information) SIB (System Info Block)
GSM/UMTS LTE
eNodeB saves UTRAN/GERAN neighbor cell system
information (RIM: MME&RNC)

Latency Reduced
eNodeB receives command of CSFB from MME
Saving 1s for UMTS compare with R8 CSFB

eNodeB selects “Redirection” to CSFB based on capability and strategy Saving 2s for GSM compare with R8 CSFB

eNodeB fills out target frequency and related neighbor cell information in “RRCConnectionRelease”
message（U: 1 Freq, 16 Cell ID; G: 1 Freq Group, 32 Cell ID)

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CSFB to UTRAN/GERAN with LAI

LTE Core CSFB

LAI based CSFB to 1~2s
LA1 UMTS without LAU

MME
GSM/UMTS CSFB to UMTS with LAU

LA1
(PLMN+LAC) CSFB to LA1
LAI based CSFB to 2~3s
GSM without LAU
Select same LA to CSFB

CSFB to GSM with LAU

LTE GSM/UMTS
TA1 LA2

Latency
LAI Based CSFB:
1. Priority to select target GU cells with same LAC as UE registered in GU network 2. Support National Roaming UE to select suitable fallback RAT/Cell bases on LAI
during CSFB. Indicator among multi-PLMNs.

Avoid unnecessary LAU and reduce the CSFB E2E latency 1~3 second(s)

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Adaptive blind CSFB “Not Mature”

LTE Cell

GU Blind Neighbor Cell

LTE Cell edge & Non-edge User’s CSFB Blind HO GU neighbor

cells may be misalignment, due to LTE site not fully reusing the
current GU sites.
Solution:

• Distinguish cell edge users from other users by a new A1 event.

• The cell edge users will perform measured HO while the other users will perform blind HO.

Benefit:

• Increasing the success rate of cell edge users’ CSFB.

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Agenda
Introduction

Technical Background

Recommended GUL Strategy

GUL Strategy Audit

GUL Features

Implementation Time Plan

Conclusion

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Implementation Time Plan
• Below Chart shows the Time Plan for Implementation:

10-Apr

11-Apr

Wednesday 12-Apr

13-Apr

14-Apr

15-Apr

16-Apr

17-Apr

21-Apr

22-Apr

23-Apr

24-Apr

25-Apr

Wednesday 26-Apr

27-Apr
3-Apr

4-Apr

Wednesday 5-Apr

6-Apr

7-Apr

8-Apr

9-Apr
18-Apr 19-Apr 20-Apr

Thursday

Thursday

Thursday
Saturday

Saturday

Saturday
Monday

Tuesday

Monday

Tuesday

Monday

Monday

Tuesday
Sunday

Sunday

Sunday
Friday

Friday

Friday
Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Brain
Storming
1 Design the GUL interoperability
Sudatel
5
Confirm
2
GTAC
Confirm
Pilot & Script
1st Review with Sudatel 2
Arrangement
Parameter
2nd Review with Sudatel 2
Inconsistency
G2L Measured
Final Review with Sudatel 1
Fast Return
L2G Idle
1
Reselection
1 U2L PS Redirection Analysis

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Agenda
Introduction

Technical Background

Recommended GUL Strategy

GUL Strategy Audit

GUL Features

Implementation Time Plan

Conclusion

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 Conclusion
• This presentation aims to show the recommended GUL Strategy for Sudatel Network, we have introduced:
• Technical background.
• Recommended GUL Criteria for Sudatel.
• Some GUL Features.
• Action’s Summary:
• Some Parameters’ Inconsistency were found & Corrected.
• Perform a Trial on:
• Measurement G2L Fast Return with DT on GL Site.
• L2G Idle Reselection with DT on GL Site.
• Optimize U2L PS Redirection Time.
• Huawei provided all required Settings & Scripts.
• Sudatel supported in Implementing those Scripts & DT in the required small scope “GL Site or Small Cluster”.
• All Trials were successful & Results were good.
• Users now are spending much less time to redirect from 3G to 4G in PS Connected Mode.
• LTE Traffic Increased after Optimization.

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 Thank You

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