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Running head; HEART DISEASE AWARENESS 1
Heart Disease Awareness
Noor Msallaty
Michigan Islamic Academy
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Abstract
This paper discusses an important organ, the heart. The functioning of the other organs of the
body depend on the supply of blood from the heart. Therefore, it is vital to keep the heart healthy
and in a good condition. The heart can easily collapse if not taken care of, which is why many
die of heart disease. Heart disease is a serious medical condition that should be taken care of
immediately. The death rates of this disease keep going up, which is why spreading awareness is
important. Treatments focus on keeping the heart under stable conditions, some of these
treatments include surgeries or medication. There are many causes of heart disease including;
obesity, smoking, unhealthy food, alcohol, and depression. The purpose of this paper is to inform
people about heart disease and ways to prevent it. It will also include solutions that can reduce
the death rates. It is hoped that people will benefit and take precautions before heart disease
affects the body.
Keywords: Heart disease, blood, awareness, treatments
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Heart Disease and Awareness
Heart disease is prevalent all over the world. Any heart condition that can eventually
result in heart failure is considered a heart disease. It is the number one cause of death in the
United States (Nichols, 2017). Although America is considered one of the most developed
countries in the world, it faces the complication of finding a cure for these lifethreatening
diseases. In Michigan, the top causes of death are heart disease and strokes (“Michigan
department of health and human services (MDHHS),” n.d). Moreover, heart failure affects
people of all ages, young and old. The issue deeply affects communities that lose many of their
members since a cure has not yet been found. About 610,000 people die from heart disease, that
is 1 in every 4 deaths (“Heart Disease Facts & Statistics,” n.d.).
Importance of getting check ups. One reason for such a high death rate is that
symptoms of heart disease often go undetected (“American Heart Association,” 2016). Through
routine physical examinations, heart disease can be detected before it irreversibly affects the
body. The incidence of heart disease can be reduced by spreading the message of its effects and
educating the community about the preventions that must be put in everyone’s daily lives thus
saving many people from emotional and physical pain. This massive problem in Michigan is
made up of many smaller issues including obesity, smoking, along with many others. However,
there are solutions that can be implemented and applied including raising taxes on unhealthy
food and building sidewalks and parks.
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Heart anatomy
Physical work of the heart. In order to understand how this deadly disease develops, it
helps to understand how the heart functions (see Appendix A). The heart is a complex muscle
about the size of a human’s own fist. Any error or malfunction in this muscle will cause the
oxygen to stop flowing, which prompts the whole body to shut down (“ Sudden arrhythmic death
syndrome (SADS)”, n.d.). The heart is located behind and to the left of the breastbone. Its
function is to pump oxygenated blood through blood vessels, arteries, and veins to all parts of the
body. The heart consists of four different chambers. The top two chambers called the atriums are
the collecting chambers, collecting the blood. The bottom two chambers are called the ventricles
and receive blood from the atrium and pump it to the lungs and the body. The chambers are
separated by valves, which control the direction of blood flow. There are four valves. The mitral
valve and tricuspid valve control the blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The aortic valve
and pulmonary valve control blood flowing out of the ventricles. Circulation begins at the right
side of the heart where blood from the body that is poor with oxygen comes to the right atrium.
This blood passes to the right ventricle which contracts sending the blood to the lungs to receive
oxygen. Once it receives the oxygen it flows to the left atrium and then to the left ventricle. The
left ventricle contracts, sending the blood to the aorta. The blood is then sent to the rest of the
body. Electrical signals pass down to the end of the heart in the ventricles. Pathways carry this
signal throughout the muscle, pumping blood to the lungs and throughout the body, while
tracking the signals simultaneously (Lewis, 2016).
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Effects heart disease has on the body . Whenever a person is diagnosed with heart
failure, the heart loses the ability to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. The reason
behind that is the heart has damaged ventricular walls that are not able to push enough blood into
the body (“Heart Disease: Types, Causes, and Symptoms,” n.d.). Another reason is when the
ventricular walls are stiff, the heart does not fill with enough blood. If a person is diagnosed with
leftsided heart failure, the left ventricle does not transport enough oxygenated blood, full of rich
nutrients to the body, which causes the person to feel tired and out of breath. The left ventricle
also increases the blood pressure in the blood vessels between the lungs and the left ventricle.
This increases pressure and forces the blood back to your lung instead, which causes shortness of
breath and a buildup of fluid (“ Mayo Clinic Staff ,” 2018). If someone has rightsided heart
failure, the heart is unable to contract with enough force to send the blood to the lungs; in
consequence, small blood vessels leak fluid into nearby tissues in the body, which is called
edema. Over time the heart failure on either side of the heart results in weakened and enlarged
ventricles resulting in less blood pumping to the body. To make up for the decreased amount of
blood the nervous system sends out stress hormones that increase the speed and force of the
heartbeat. Unfortunately, the continued release of these hormones makes the heart failure worse
because they damage the muscle cells in the ventricles (Moore & Roth, 2017).
Effects of heart disease
Causes of heart disease . A common cause of heart failure is coronary artery disease
(“Heart Disease: Types, Causes, and Symptoms,” n.d.). When a person is working out or
exercising, the body is in need of more blood. The heart will have to pump more blood to meet
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these demands. When a person has a malfunction in their heart, these demands cannot be
accommodated. There are essentially two types of heart failures; the first one is called the
systolic heart failure. This is when the heart muscles are not able to pump the blood with enough
force. This usually means that these muscles have weakened. This causes less blood to flow with
each contraction. The heart, with this kind of failure, has a thin muscle wall and enlarged
chambers. The second heart failure is called the diastolic failure. The body is not receiving
enough blood because the chambers of the heart are not filled with enough blood. This is because
the heart has really thick muscle walls that take up more space.
Awareness
Treatment . Other conditions that damage the heart and cause heart failure include high
blood pressure, diabetes, disease, infected or damaged heart valves, irregular heartbeats called
arrhythmias, heart defects, poisons, lung disease, and breathing problems during sleep like sleep
apnea (“World heart foundation,” n.d.). Treatment for heart failure can include medications,
lifestyle changes or in extreme advanced cases, surgeries and ventricular assisting devices. Heart
failure causes swelling in the body to reduce the swelling, diuretic medications are given. It
reduces swelling in the body by increasing the amount of urine produced by the kidneys (Moore
& RothMedically, n.d.). Ace inhibitors are medications that allow the blood vessels to expand.
This helps by decreasing the blood pressure and making it easier for the heart to pump blood.
Betablockers are medications that block the effects of stress hormones on the heart. Although
they reduce the speed of the heartbeat they are mainly used to protect the heart muscle from the
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longterm damage caused by these hormones. People who want to reduce the risk of their heart
getting damaged and of getting diseases that will affect the body as a whole but mainly their
heart may have to change their lifestyle by, for example, exercising on a daily basis.
Factors that cause heart disease . A person must have a healthy body and maintain a
healthy weight. Exercising helps eliminate the extra fat and waste that surrounds the heart. Also
quitting smoking avails the whole body in many ways, especially the heart. Smoking cigarettes
causes about 1 in every 5 deaths in the United States each year. (“British Heart Foundation,”
n.d.). Tobacco has many chemicals that harm the organs in the body (“Effects of Smoking on
Your Health,” 2012). It also damages the blood vessels, which increases the risk of
atherosclerosis, the buildup of fats and other substances in the artery walls. (“Quit smoking /
Tobacco,” n.d. )The carbon dioxide that is coming from the cigarette binds to the hemoglobin, a
substance that is found in red blood cells, preventing the blood from carrying a full load of
oxygen that is needed to sustain the body. Making it harder to breathe and stressing the heart.
Smoking also damages the heart vessels, which affects how well the blood flows around the
body making the heart work more (British Heart Foundation, n.d.). For some people, such as
women who use birth control pills and people who have diabetes, smoking poses an even greater
risk to the heart and blood vessels (“Effects of Smoking on Your Health,” 2012). Cigarettes have
nicotine in them which produces adrenaline, therefore causing the heart to work harder which
increases high blood pressure and rate (E. Al Saghir, personal communication, November 9,
2018).
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Surgery as treatments . Over the years, smoking causes fat to form around the walls of
the arteries (“Effects of Smoking on Your Health,” 2012). This forms a plaque called atheroma,
which clogs and narrows the blood vessels. Clogged blood vessels could also cause a heart attack
or heart disease and many other serious problems to the body (Oberg & Guarneri, n.d.). There
are many ways to remedy these problems but they cost a lot of money. Surgeries for advanced
heart failures include coronary arteries bypass (Congestive Heart Failure and Heart Disease,
n.d.). These surgeries’ aim to improve the blood flow to the heart muscle. Heart valve
reconstruction surgery aims to improve blood flow through the heart, and left ventricle
reconstruction surgery to remove damaged heart muscle. Surgery for extreme heart failure
includes the insertion of a device to help the heart pump blood and heart transplants. The people
who go through this surgery need to take care of their body. Doctors also advise the patient of
being strict on their diet at all times and eating from various kinds of food to make sure the body
is getting all the vitamins and proteins it needs. A patient cannot risk their life for any reason.
These surgeries can be pricey particularly the advanced heart surgeries. And since many people
do not even have insurance to cover a little of the payments, many suffer with these diseases
until they die. Many can not afford to pay for insurance and have no other choice since they
barely have enough money to support their families or themselves (“Key Facts about the
Uninsured Population,” 2018).
The Perspective of mentor . Dr. Ebtesam Hashem, a specialist at downriver heart and
vascular, explains that a common question asked from people who have had a heart attack in
their past is what are some ways to lower the chances of having another heart attack and how to
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lower the risks. Dr. Ebtesam’s answer was simple, obesity is the main reason. Patients will have
to change their lifestyles and add exercising to their daily routine. Many do not realize what is
going inside their bodies, because they do not know the symptoms of heart diseases. Dr. Hashem
always advises her patients to exercise daily and change their lifestyle to help the heart become
stronger. Even if their body is healthy they should still exercise to stay energetic She also added
that alcohol and smoking are the worst enemies to the body. They are addictive but they kill the
body day by day. They bring many problems to the organs of the body. She also noted that most
of her patients have a weight problem. Either they are obese or chronically underweight.
Health issues that cause heart disease . People become obese from the high
consumption of food mostly fat and sugar. One in three Americans are considered obese while
one in 20 are considered extremely obese ( Pietrangelo, Carey, & Holland, n.d. ). This excess
weight is difficult to get rid of by exercising. It takes a lot of work and time to get rid of all that
extra fat. This fat was stored after the great amount of sugar being consumed which the body was
not able to break down. Being obese is one of the main factors of getting diagnosed with heart
disease. It plays a big role in heart disease. Makes the heart week and unable to work properly
(“Losing Weight,” n.d.). However, becoming obese cannot happen overnight. There are some
factors that help in this situation. Eating fast food daily compromises the health of many people.
Considering also fast food restaurants contain meals full of calories and are high in
carbohydrates, chemicals, and sugar, eating fast food twice a week can make you gain 10 pounds
and double the risk of insulin resistance, which leads to diabetes and obesity, which increases the
chance of heart disease and other health problems (SánchezVillegas et al., 2011). Another
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helping factor toward the problem, heart disease, is drinking alcohol. It plays a big role in this
problem and affects the body in many ways. Many people drink alcohol daily, because they’re
addicted, or because they are depressed and they think it’s the only way for them to forget about
the past and the hardships they had went through. All of these health problems that are high in
America is because of the depression and the stress the people go through. A problem will
always keep growing and cause other new problems if it is not stopped.
Islamic perspective . The heart is the most important organ in the body. It is viewed as
the essence of a man. Nu’man b. Bashir Allah be pleased with him, reported: I heard Allah’s
Messenger peace be upon him ﷺ as having said this , “Beware, in the body there is a piece of
flesh; if it is sound, the whole body is sound and if it is corrupt the whole body is corrupt, and
hearken it is the heart.” (Muslim bin alHajjaj, Abu al Husayn, & Siddiqi, 1976).The teachings of
Islam view the heart beyond the physical organ. It is a spiritual heart that contains deep
intelligence and wisdom. In the Qur’an, the heart is referred to as the processor of information,
particularly referring to sincerity (Olatoye, 2013). This reference attracts attention to the
relationship between the heart and intentions. The heart holds a very important place in Islam;
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’alah (SWT) states in the Quran for Muslims to take care of their bodies,
to eat healthy and to stay away from harmful food (Stacey, 2008). Allah (SWT) says in the
Quran, “Eat of the good things which We have provided for you” (Quran 2:172). Allah (SWT)
encourages us to eat only good pure food, and informs us to remember God and to avoid
Satan.“O mankind, eat from whatever is on earth [that is] lawful and good and do not follow the
footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.” (Quran 2:168). Just like he informed to
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eat what is good for us and what is lawful, he also ordered Muslims to stay away from Satan and
his doings. To not follow what is unlawful because he knows what is harmful to the body.
Alcohol, is one of many things that is considered unlawful to Muslims because of its negative
side effects it has on the body. Indulging in alcohol can result in irregular heartbeat, damage to
the cardiovascular system, and weakened heart muscle.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the health of our body’s most prestigious organ should be taken into more
consideration and care. Having a healthy daily diet helps you keep your body in its ideal
condition. Exercising is also essential in your lifestyle since it makes the heart muscle stronger,
making you feel energetic and full of power. The world might be facing a lot of health issues,
however, when striving for a goal there will always be a solution. Every generation must look
after the other, take care, and teach the next generation. They must work hard to help others and
make this world a better place to live on.
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Appendix A
Figure 1. The figure shows a healthy heart and the inside structures. The red arrow shows the
flow of oxygenrich blood from the lungs to the rest of the body. The blue arrow shows
the flow of oxygenpoor blood from the body to the lungs. (Corno, A. F. (2004))
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