ECOLOGY

&
MARINE BIOLOGY

100 Multiple Choice Questions

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Max. Questions: 100 ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES Max. Time: 75 mins
BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

1. Which of the following fish have spines that contain powerful venom?

a. Scarus vetula
b. Conus purpurascens
c. Pterois radiata
d. Chironex fleckeri

2. Murchison Falls National Park is situated in:

a. Gabon
b. Uganda
c. Canada
d. USA
e. Seychelles island

3. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about marine mammal blubber?

a. harbor porpoise cannot fast and mobilize their blubber reserves

b. large whales fast and mobilize their blubber reserves for weeks or months
c. blubber acts as an effective insulator against cold
d. blubber is non- vascularized
e. melting point of blubber lipid is < -15iC

4. The term "biology" was coined by:

a. Henry Walter Bates

b. Gregor Mendel
c. Carolus Linnaeus
d. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
e. Hugo de Vries

5. Which of the following barnacles is considered to be host-specific to gray whales?

a. Eschrichtius robustus
b. Cryptolepas rhachianecti
c. Platylepas hexastulos
d. Coronula
e. Conchoderma auritum

6. The antibiotic "Chlorellin" is obtained from:

a. Algae
b. Actinomycete
c. Fungi
d. Chlorophyll
e. Alkaloid

7. Comb jelly:

a. Physalia physalis
b. Mnemiopsis leidyi
c. Chironexfleckeri
d. Gonyaulax catenella

8. Moon Coral:

a. Leptoria phrygia
b. Porolithon onkodes
c. Cribrochalina olemda
d. Favia lizardensis
e. Acropora palmata

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9. To which of the following kingdoms does Red, brown, and green algae belongs to?

a. Monera
b. Metaphyta
c. Fungi
d. Protista
e. Metazoa

10. All of the following plants belongs to the family Rosaceae EXCEPT:

a. Prunus
b. Alchemilla
c. Asclepias
d. Pyracantha

11. The meat of which of the following fishes produces a "narcotic high"?

a. sturgeons
b. tarpon
c. herrings
d. puffers
e. silver arowana

12. True blubber is absent in:

a. Balaenoptera physalus
b. Ursus maritimus
c. Delphinapterus leucas
d. Tursiops truncatus
e. Phocoena phocoena

13. Dinoflagellates belongs to kingdom:

a. Metazoa
b. Metaphyta
c. Monera
d. Protista
e. Fungi

14. The Kyoto Protocol came into action in:

a. 2007
b. 1992
c. 2000
d. 1997
e. 2005

15. Marine mammal blubber lipid is characterized by high level of:

a. short chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

b. short chain saturated fatty acids
c. long chain saturated fatty acids
d. blubber of odontocetes contain isovaleric acid
e. long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

16. Agar agar is obtained from:

a. Laminaria
b. Chlorella
c. Ascophyllum
d. Gracilaria
e. Porphyra

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17. Phyllotaxy is defined as:

a. arrangement of veins in the leaf blade

b. arrangement of underground stem
c. arrangement of petiole on the stem
d. arrangement of leaves on the stem

18. The compound responsible for sedative effect of Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is:

a. valepotrioate
b. valerenic acid
c. isovaleric acid
d. valproic acid
e. valproate

19. The Lake Chad and Savanna are vital to all of the following countries EXCEPT:

a. Zaire
b. Cameroon
c. Niger
d. Nigeria
e. Chad

20. Which of the following are Savannah species?

a. Halodule uninervis
b. Themeda triandra
c. Poa pratensis
d. Calliergon giganteum
e. Corallus hortulanus

21. Tree Swallow

a. Tachycineta bicolor
b. Pandion haliaetus
c. Hesperocorixa castanea
d. Parabuteo unicinctus
e. Ardea herodias

22. Hemerocallis belongs to the family:

a. Liliaceae
b. Cupressaceae
c. Asclepiadaceae
d. Bromeliaceae

23. Which of the following fishes do not have a swim bladder?

a. puffers
b. bowfin
c. tuna
d. sturgeons
e. tarpon

24. Who first coined the term 'biosystematics"?

a. Engler and Prantl

b. Bentham and Hooker
c. Linnaeus and Bauhin
d. Camp and Gily

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25. Which of the following is a Conifer?

a. Dianthus deltoides
b. Berberis empetrifolia
c. Gaultheria mucronata
d. Chasmanthium latifolium
e. Larix decidua

26. All of the following are 'warm blooded' chordates EXCEPT:

a. Whales
b. Sharks
c. Seals
d. Dolphins

27. Which of the following is NOT a 'pelagic'

bird?

a. penguins
b. murrelets
c. kittiwakes
d. albatrosses
e. swallows

28. Spot the WRONG match about algae and their carbohydrate reserves:

a. Euglenophyceae zparamylon
b. Chlorophyceae zstarch
c. Bacillariophyceae zfats and lpids
d. Phaeophyceae zFloridian starch
e. Xanthophyceae zoils

29. Which of the following is INCORRECT about Polar organisms?

a. grow faster than tropical organisms

b. reproduce less frequently than tropical organisms
c. liver longer than tropical organisms
d. grow slower than tropical organisms

30. Regarding reproduction in Algae, spot the INCORRECT statement:

a. isogamy is the fusion of morphologically and physiologically similar gametes

b. heterogamy is of two types; isogamy and anisogamy
c. asexual reproduction in chlamydomonas is by zoospores
d. asexual reproduction in Pithophora is by akineties
e. asexual reproduction in chlorella is by aplanospores

31. The scientific name of 'marsh marigolds':

a. Calendula officinalis
b. Tagetes patula
c. Achillea
d. Helianthemum
e. Caltha palustris

32. Which of the following zones has the highest percentage of marine habitats?

a. Abyssalpelagic
b. Mesopelagic
c. Epipelagic
d. Hadalpelagic
e. Bathypelagic

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33. Dwarf seahorse:

a. Hippocampus zosterae
b. Hippocampus histrix
c. Aesculus hippocastanum
d. Elephas maximus
e. Hippophae rhamnoides

34. All of the following factors determines species distribution in rocky intertidal zones EXCEPT:

a. susceptibility to predation
b. wave action
c. rugosity and tidal range
d. light and temperature
e. salinity

35. Intertidal zones:

a. zone between highest high tide and lowest high tide

b. zone between lowest high tide and highest low tide
c. zone between lowest high tide and lowest low tide
d. zone between highest high tide and lowest low tide

36. All of the following statements about algae are correct EXCEPT:

a. examples include Lichens

b. contains biliproteins
c. have chlrophyll
d. devoid of vascular tissues
e. is a source of phycocolloids

37. Spot the INCORRECT match about algal classification:

a. Brown algae zChondrus

b. Brown algae zSargassum
c. Green algaezChlamydomonas
d. Red algae zGelidium
e. Green algae zSpirogyra

38. Which of the following statements regarding blubber in marine mammals is INCORRECT?

a. provide structural support

b. most pinniped neonates are born with well developed blubber
c. acts as a thermal insulator
d. most neonates of large baleen whales are born with well developed blubber
e. energy storage and energy provider

39. Which of the following fishes have a skeleton that is entirely made up of cartilage?

a. puffers
b. sharks
c. ray-fins
d. sturgeons
e. silver arowana

40. The episodes of Mass extinctions include all EXCEPT:

a. Jurassic
b. Ordovician
c. Cretaceous
d. Devonian
e. Permian

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41. Mosses belongs to which of the following phyla?

a. Pterophyta
b. Psilophyta
c. Bryophyta
d. Anthophyta
e. Lycophyta

42. Grey-headed flying fox

a. Pteropus natalis
b. Pteropus ocularis
c. Pteropus poliocephalus
d. Pteropus chrysoproctus
e. Pardofelis nebulosa

43. Blackchin tilapia is a key fish species which is mainly found in:

a. Zapata Swamp
b. Arafura Swamp
c. Bolinas Lagoon
d. Muni Lagoon
e. Lagoa dos Patos

44. Sea Otter:

a. Halichoerus grypus
b. Phoca vitulina
c. Trichechus inunguis
d. Balaenoptera physalus
e. Enhydra lutris

45. All of the following are single-celled algae EXCEPT:

a. Diatoms
b. Spirullina
c. Prochlorococcus
d. Dinofl agellates
e. Euplectella

46. Which of the following is a parasitic copepod?

a. Conchoderma
b. Pennella
c. Lepas
d. Pollicipes
e. Eschrichtius robustus

47. One which is a 'Squid' species:

a. Chelydra serpentina
b. Dosidicus gigas
c. Charcharhinus melanopterus
d. Porolithon onkodes
e. Tridacna gigas

48. Amphiprion ocellaris is also known as:

a. Clownfish
b. Rock Lobster
c. Box Jellyfish
d. Copperband Butterflyfish
e. Yellow-tail Blue Damselfish

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49. Caudal fins of Salmom is:

a. Heterocercal
b. Truncated
c. Lunated
d. Rounded
e. Forked

50. Gallbladder is absent in:

a. Walruses
b. Manatees
c. Blue Whales
d. Sea Lions
e. Seals

51. Cervus elaphus:

a. African elephant
b. Wild boar
c. Pronghorn Antelope
d. Asiatic elephant
e. Red deer

52. Acadia National Park is situated in:

a. Alaska Peninsula montane taiga

b. Kornati Islands, Croatia
c. Greek island of Paros, Aegean sea
d. Coastal Maine, USA
e. Albert Lake, Uganda

53. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill incident occured at_______ in __________.

a. Persian Gulf, 1980

b. Bicudo Field, Brazil, 2001
c. Canadian Arctic, 1970
d. Alaska, 1989
e. Gulf of Mexico, 2010

54. Which of the following is one of California's largest fisheries?

a. Salmon
b. Otters
c. Green shore crab
d. Red sea urchin
e. Barnacles

55. Leafy seadragon

a. Laminaria
b. Phycodurus eques
c. Hydrobia ulvae
d. Spirullina

56. Comb jellies are classified under:

a. Mollusks
b. Foraminifera
c. Brachiopods
d. Ctenophores
e. Echinoderms

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57. Which of the following is NOT a Crustacea?

a. copepods
b. shrimps
c. barnacles
d. lobsters
e. horseshoe crabs

58. To which of the following kingdoms does barnacles belongs to?

a. Fungi
b. Metazoa
c. Monera
d. Protista
e. Metaphyta

59. The natural habitat of Brittle Brush:

a. European Boreal Forest

b. Great Barrier Reef
c. Amazon Basin Rainforest
d. Sonoran Desert
e. Ardea herodias

60. Which of the following is a member of phylum Cnidaria?

a. horseshoe crabs
b. copepods
c. sponge
d. jellyfish
e. planarians

61. The term "Ecology" was coined by:

a. W.M. Stanley
b. Carl Correns
c. Ernst Haeckel
d. John Ray
e. Carolus Linnaeus

62. The book "Zoonomia" was published by:

a. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
b. Charles Darwin
c. Gregor Mendel
d. Erasmus Darwin
e. Alfred Russel Wallace

63. Which of the following benthic zones is the deepest zone?

a. Neritic zone
b. Littoral zone
c. Pelagic zone
d. Hadal zone
e. Abyssal zone

64. Eutrophication:

a. leads to decreased biomass

b. is essential for the growth of fish
c. caused by diatoms
d. inhibition of phytoplankton growth
e. is responsible for algal bloom

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65. Which of the following is also known as "Bayonet plant"?

a. Aciphylla squarrosa
b. Mathiasella bupleuroides
c. Campanula persicifolia
d. Euphorbia sikkimensis

66. The most abundant photosynthetic organism in the marine environment (ocean):

a. Prochlorococcus
b. Corallina
c. Nereocystis
d. Gelidium
e. Halophila

67. INCORRECT about Carrageenan:

a. it is used as an emulsifier
b. is obtained from Irish moss
c. is obtained from giant kelp (Macrocystis)
d. is abtained from Eucheuma
e. is a phycocolloid

68. Cetaceans include:

a. seals
b. stellar sea-cows
c. dolphins
d. sea-lions
e. dugongs

69. A mud snail:

a. Hydrobia ulvae
b. Choneplax lata
c. Phycodurus eques
d. Porolithon pachydermum

70. Oysters belongs to which kingdom?

a. Foraminifera
b. Coccoliths
c. Metazoa
d. Brachiopods
e. Metaphyta

71. The habitat of mountain gorilla:

a. Campo Ma'an National Park, Africa

b. Murchison Falls National Park
c. Rio Negro, Amazon basin
d. Albertine Rift, Africa
e. Great Smoky Mountains National Park

72. The _______ body shape of Pike fishes are adapted for______ .

a. Elongate, Rapid acceleration

b. Torpedo shape, high speed cruising
c. Eleongate, Efficient cruising
d. Circular, High maneuverability

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73. Which of the following fish species migrate between rivers and oceans?

a. anadromous salmonids
b. carp
c. catadromous
d. perch
e. cichlid

74. Sirenian manatees

a. Halichoerus grypus
b. Ursus maritimus
c. Balaenoptera musculus
d. Delphinapterus leucas
e. Trichechus inunguis

75. The Christmas Island fruit bat

a. Pteropus tonganus
b. Pteropus chrysoproctus
c. Pteropus ornatus
d. Pteropus poliocephalus
e. Pteropus natalis

76. Arothron hispidus is also known as:

a. Yellow-head Parrotfish
b. White-spotted Pufferfish
c. Yellow-tail Blue Damselfish
d. Box Jellyfish
e. Copperband Butterflyfish

77. Scientific name of Baobab Tree:

a. Corallus hortulanus
b. Adansonia digitata
c. Populus tremula
d. Bertholletia excelsa
e. Dryopteris carthusiana

78. Classification of organisms based on Binomial system of nomenclature was introduced by:

a. Gregor Mendel
b. Alfred Russel Wallace
c. Karl von Linne
d. Georges-Louis Leclerc
e. Hugo de Vries

79. Klamath River Basin is situated in which country?

a. Congo
b. Uganda
c. Brazil
d. Zaire
e. USA

80. Sea urchins are classified under:

a. Foraminifera
b. Mollusks
c. Brachiopods
d. Echinoderms
e. Ctenophores

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81. A species generally found in European Boreal Forest:

a. Dryopteris carthusiana
b. Enneapogon cenchroides
c. Themeda triandra
d. Carnegiea gigantea
e. Adansonia digitata

82. Which of the following is also known as Wisley Primrose?

a. Perovskia
b. Helianthemum
c. Kalmia latifolia
d. Viburnum opulus
e. Heathers

83. Pantropical spotted dolphin:

a. Conchoderma auritum
b. Orcinus orca
c. Stenella coeruleoalba
d. Stenella attenuata
e. Tursiops truncatus

84. Which of the following seagrasses is an example of Paddle grass?

a. Halophila
b. Zostera
c. Thalassia
d. Syringodium
e. Pterocladiella

85. High rate of perinatal fatalities are seen among:

a. Manatees
b. Sea Lions
c. Seals
d. Walruses
e. Blue Whales

86. Laminaria is a source of:

a. Spirulina
b. Carrageenan
c. Agar - agar
d. Idodine
e. Chlorellin

87. Reserve food of algae Cryptophyceae:

a. Starch
b. Paramylon
c. Oil
d. Leucosin
e. Fats

88. Charles Darwin's voyage on the ship HMS Beagle began on the year:

a. 1851
b. 1829
c. 1831
d. 1859
e. 1858

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89. Which of the following is sperm whale?

a. Physeter macrocephalus
b. Erignathus barbatus
c. Stenella coeruleoalba
d. Orcinus orca
e. Eschrichtius robustus

90. Blue -green algae belongs to kingdom:

a. Monera
b. Metaphyta
c. Protista
d. Metazoa
e. Fungi

91. A bottlenose Dolphin:

a. Dosidicus gigas
b. Illex argentinus
c. Tridacna gigas
d. Tursiops truncatus
e. Todarodes pacificus

92. Who first formulated the germ-plasm theory of inheritance?

a. August Weismann
b. Hugo de Vries
c. Gregor Mendel
d. Karl von Linne
e. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

93. Which of the following is also known as "sea lettuce"?

a. Chondrus
b. Limu
c. Dulse
d. Postelsia
e. Ulva

94. Volta river is the major river system of

a. Ghana
b. Burkina Faso
c. Russia
d. Côte d'Ivoire
e. Zaire

95. Abyssal plain:

a. flat area over the ocean basin floor

b. cover 80% of the Pacific ocean floor
c. occurs above the Mesopelagic zone
d. occurs between 2000 and 3000 m deep

96. Pechora river basin:

a. USA
b. anadromous salmonids
c. tilapia
d. cichlid
e. perch

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97. Baculum is absent in:

a. Pinnipeds
b. Cetacea
c. Chiroptera
d. Rodentia

98. Which of the following match is INCORRECT?

a. Songbirdzkittiwakes
b. Seabirdzcormorants
c. Seabirdzpetrels
d. songbirdzlarks
e. Migratory shore birdzsandpipers

99. The natural habitat of Corallus hortulanus:

a. European Boreal Forest

b. Ardea herodias
c. Amazon Basin Rainforest
d. Great Barrier Reef
e. Sonoran Desert

100. All of the following statements are CORRECT about the ecosystem of Lake Chad and Savanna EXCEPT:

a. has a depth of 34 meters

b. Africa's fourth largest lake
c. includes Bogomerom Archipelago
d. has a water surface of 965 square miles
e. adversely affected by severe droughts

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 RESPONSE SHEET
Max. Questions: 100 ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES Max. Time: 75 mins
BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

1 a. b. c. d.
2 a. b. c. d. e.

3 a. b. c. d. e.
4 a. b. c. d. e.

5 a. b. c. d. e.
6 a. b. c. d. e.
7 a. b. c. d.
8 a. b. c. d. e.

9 a. b. c. d. e.

10 a. b. c. d.
11 a. b. c. d. e.
12 a. b. c. d. e.
13 a. b. c. d. e.

14 a. b. c. d. e.
15 a. b. c. d. e.

16 a. b. c. d. e.

17 a. b. c. d.
18 a. b. c. d. e.
19 a. b. c. d. e.
20 a. b. c. d. e.

21 a. b. c. d. e.
22 a. b. c. d.

23 a. b. c. d. e.
24 a. b. c. d.
25 a. b. c. d. e.
26 a. b. c. d.
27 a. b. c. d. e.
28 a. b. c. d. e.
29 a. b. c. d.
30 a. b. c. d. e.
31 a. b. c. d. e.
32 a. b. c. d. e.
33 a. b. c. d. e.

34 a. b. c. d. e.
35 a. b. c. d.
36 a. b. c. d. e.

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37 a. b. c. d. e.
38 a. b. c. d. e.
39 a. b. c. d. e.
40 a. b. c. d. e.
41 a. b. c. d. e.

42 a. b. c. d. e.
43 a. b. c. d. e.
44 a. b. c. d. e.
45 a. b. c. d. e.
46 a. b. c. d. e.
47 a. b. c. d. e.

48 a. b. c. d. e.
49 a. b. c. d. e.
50 a. b. c. d. e.

51 a. b. c. d. e.
52 a. b. c. d. e.

53 a. b. c. d. e.
54 a. b. c. d. e.
55 a. b. c. d.
56 a. b. c. d. e.
57 a. b. c. d. e.

58 a. b. c. d. e.

59 a. b. c. d. e.
60 a. b. c. d. e.
61 a. b. c. d. e.
62 a. b. c. d. e.
63 a. b. c. d. e.
64 a. b. c. d. e.
65 a. b. c. d.

66 a. b. c. d. e.
67 a. b. c. d. e.
68 a. b. c. d. e.

69 a. b. c. d.
70 a. b. c. d. e.
71 a. b. c. d. e.
72 a. b. c. d.

73 a. b. c. d. e.

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74 a. b. c. d. e.
75 a. b. c. d. e.
76 a. b. c. d. e.
77 a. b. c. d. e.
78 a. b. c. d. e.

79 a. b. c. d. e.
80 a. b. c. d. e.
81 a. b. c. d. e.
82 a. b. c. d. e.
83 a. b. c. d. e.
84 a. b. c. d. e.

85 a. b. c. d. e.
86 a. b. c. d. e.
87 a. b. c. d. e.

88 a. b. c. d. e.
89 a. b. c. d. e.

90 a. b. c. d. e.
91 a. b. c. d. e.
92 a. b. c. d. e.
93 a. b. c. d. e.
94 a. b. c. d. e.

95 a. b. c. d.

96 a. b. c. d. e.
97 a. b. c. d.
98 a. b. c. d. e.
99 a. b. c. d. e.
100 a. b. c. d. e.

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 ANSWERS
Form a ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

1 c
2 b
3 d
4 d
5 b
6 a
7 a
8 d
9 b
10 c
11 d
12 b
13 d
14 e
15 e
16 d
17 d
18 a
19 a
20 b
21 a
22 a
23 c
24 d
25 e
26 b
27 e
28 d
29 a
30 b
31 e
32 a
33 a
34 c
35 d
36 a
37 a
38 b
39 b
40 a
41 c
42 c
43 d
44 e
45 e
46 b
47 b
48 a
49 b
50 c
51 e
52 d
53 e
54 d
55 b
56 d
57 e
58 b
59 d
60 d
61 c
62 d
63 d
64 e
65 a
66 a
67 c
68 c
69 a
70 c
71 d
72 a
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73 a
74 e
75 e
76 b
77 b
78 c
79 e
80 d
81 a
82 b
83 d
84 a
85 a
86 d
87 a
88 c
89 a
90 a
91 d
92 a
93 e
94 a
95 a
96 b
97 b
98 a
99 c
100 a

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NOTES